UNIT 31 MUST AND CANT

A. study this example:

My house is very ear the motor!ay.
It must "e very oisy
#ou $a use must to say that you "elieve somethi% is $ertai:
#ouve "ee traveli% all day. #ou must "e tired. &Traveli% is tiri% ad youve
"ee traveli% all day' so you must "e tired(
)im is a hard !or*er. )im+ #ou must "e ,o*i%. -e doest do aythi%.
Carol must %et very "ored i her ,o". She does the same thi% every day.
Im sure Sally %ave me her phoe um"er. I must have it some!here.
#ou $a use $at to say that you "elieve somethi% is ot possi"le:
#ouve ,ust had lu$h. #ou $at "e hu%ry already. &people are ot ormally
hu%ry ,ust a.ter eati% a meal. #ouve ,ust eate' so you $at "e hu%ry(
They havet lived here .or very lo%. They $at *o! may people.
Study the stru$ture:
I/you/he &et$( must "e&tired/ hu%ry/ at !or* et$(
Cat "e &doi% /%oi%/,o*i% et$(
do/%et/*o!/have et$
0. .or the past !e use must have&doe( ad $at have &doe(
Study this example:
Theres o"ody at home. They must have %oe out.
Marti ad 1u$y are stadi% at the door o. their .rieds house.
They have ru% the door"ell t!i$e' "ut o"ody has as!ered. 1u$y says:
They must have %oe out.
I didt hear the phoe. I must have "ee asleep.
Ive lost oe o. my %loves. #ou must have dropped it some!here.
Sue hast $ota$ted me. She $at have %ot my messa%e.
Tom !al*ed ito a !all. -e $at have "ee loo*i% !here he !as %oi%.
Study the stru$ture:
I/you/he &et$( must have "ee &asleep/ at !or* et$(
Cat "ee &doi%/loo*i% et$(
2oe/%ot/*o! et$

UNIT 31. -A34 T5 AND MUST
A.
I have to do somethi% 6 it is e$essary to do it' I am o"li%ed to do it:
#ou $at tur ri%ht here. #ou have to turn le.t.
I have to wear %lasses .or readi%
2eor%e $at $ome out !ith us this evei%. -e has to work late
1ast !ee* Tia "ro*e her arm ad had to go to hospital.
I havet had to go to the do$tor .or a%es.
7e use do/does/did i 8uestios ad e%ative sete$es &.or the preset ad past
simple(:
7hat do I have to do to %et a e! drivi% li$e$e+ &ot 7hat have I to do+(
9are doest have to !or* Saturdays
7hy did you have to leave early+
#ou $a use -ave to !ith !ill ad mi%ht/may:
I. the pai %ets !orse' youll have to %o to the do$tor.
I mi%ht have to !or* late tomorro! evei%. 5r I may have to !or*: &6 its
possi"le that I !ill have to(
0.
Must is similar to have to:
Its later tha I thou%ht. I must %o. 5r I have to %o
#ou $a use must to %ive your o! opiio &.or example' to say !hat you thi* is
e$essary' or re$ommed someoe to do somethi%(. -ave to is also possi"le:
I havet spo*e to sue .or a%es. I must phoe her. &6 I say this is e$essary(
Mar* is a really i$e perso. #ou must meet him. &I re$ommed this(
7e use have to &ot must( to say !hat someoe is o"li%ed to do. The spea*er is ot
%ivi% his/her o! opiio:
I have to !or* .rom ;.3< to =.3< every day. &a .a$t' ot a opiio(
)ae has to travel a lot .or her !or*.
0ut must is o.te used i !ritte rules ad istru$tios:
Appli$atios .or the ,o" must "e re$eived "y 1; May.
&exam istru$tio( you must !rite your as!er i i*.
#ou $aot use must to tal* a"out the past:
7e had to leave early. &ot !e must(
C.
Mustt ad dot have to are $ompletely di..eret:
#ou mustt do somethi% 6 it is e$essary
That you do ot do it &so dot do it(:
#ou must *eep it a se$ret. #ou mustt tell ayoe. &6 dot tell ayoe(
I promised I !ould "e o time.
I mustt "e late. &6 I must "e o time(
#ou dot have to do somethi% 6 you dot eed to do it &"ut you $a i. you !at(:
#ou dot have to tell him' "ut you $a i. you !at to.
I dot have to "e at the meeti%' "ut I thi* Ill %o ay!ay
D.
#ou $a use have %ot to istead o. have to. So you $a say:
Ive %ot to !or* tomorro!. 5r I have to !or* tomorro!.
7he has 1i> %ot to %o+ 7he does 1i> have to %o+
4?4@CIS4S
31.1 Compete the sete$es !ith have to/ has to/ had to.
1. 0ill starts !or* at = a.m. he has to %et up at .our.
2. I "ro*e my arm last !ee*. Did you have to %o to hospital+
3. There !as a lot a oise .rom the street. 7e had to $lose the !ido!.
4. 9are $at stay .or the !hole meeti%. She has to leave early.
5. -o! old do you have to "e drive i your $outry+
6. I dot have mu$h time. I have to hurry
7. How is paul enjoying his new job? oes he have to travel a lot?
!. Im a.raid I $at stay lo%. 7hat time do you have to %o+
". The "us !as late a%ai. -o! lo% did you have to !ait+
1#. There !as o"ody to help me. I had to do everythi% "y mysel..