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2n Bat Curs 2012-13

Jos Vicente Pl Juan

WORD FORMATION

SUFFIXES
1.- NOUN SUFFIXES.
Ocupational.
-EER
-STER
-ER
engineer
gangster
teenager
Status, domain.
-HOOD
-SHIP
-DOM
boyhood
friendship
kingdom
Noun / Adjective suffixes.
-ITE
-(I)AN
-ESE
Israelite
republican
Chinese
Verb - Noun.
-ER (OR)
-ANT
-EE
driver / actor inhabitant
employee
-ING
-AGE
-AL
building
drainage
arrival
Adjective - Noun
-NESS
-ITY
-ISM
happiness
sanity
idealism

These are the most important prefixes and suffixes used in the formation of
English words.
PREFIXES
1.- NEGATIVE.
UNNONUnfair
non-smoker

IN- (IL- / IM- / IR-)


insane, illegal, impossible
irregular

2.- PRIVATIVE.
UNDEUntie
defrost
3.- PEJORATIVE.
MISMisunderstand

MALmaltreat

ULTRAultra-violet

5.- ATTITUDE.
COCOUNTERCooperate
counteract
6.- LOCATIVE.
SUPERSUBSuperstructure subway
7.- TIME AND ORDER.
FOREPREForetell
pre-war

A(N)amoral

DISdisconnect

4.- DEGREE AND SIZE.


ARCHSUPEROUTArchduke superman outlive
HYPERHypercritical

DISdislike

PSEUDOpseudo-intellectual

SURsurvive

OVERoverdressed

UNDERunderprivileged

2.- VERB SUFFIXES


-IFY
-IZE (ISE)
simplify
popularize

MINIminiskirt

ANTIanti-social

-LIKE
childlike
TRANStransatlantic

POSTpost-war

INTERinternational

EX
ex-husband

-Y
hairy

-IC
heroic

4.- ADVERB SUFFIXES


-LY
-WARD
happily
backward(s)
RErebuild

-(E)RY
slavery

-IST
socialist
-ATION
exploration

-MENT
amazement

-IAN
Darwinian

-LESS
childless

-EN
sadden

3.- ADJECTIVE SUFFIXES


-ABLE
-AL
-FOLD
readable musical
manifold

PROpro-communist

-OCRACY
democracy

-FUL
useful

-IVE
attractive

-WISE
crabwise

-ISH
foolish

-OUS
virtuous

2n Bat Curs 2012-13

Jos Vicente Pl Juan


c) The suffixes in the following list are used to form nouns that refer to
an activity, a process, or a state or condition. Write down the noun,
verb or adjective from which they have been formed.

EXERCISES
1.- FORMING NOUNS.
a) The suffixes in the following list combine with nouns and verbs to
form new nouns. Write down the noun or verb they come from.

SUFFIX
-AL

VERB / NOUN / ADJECT.


......................................

NOUN FORMED
arrival

-ANCE

......................................

abundance

SUFFIX

VERB / NOUN

NOUN FORMED

-CY

......................................

constancy

-ANT

.......................
.......................
.......................
.......................
.......................
.......................
.......................
.......................
.......................
.......................
.......................
.......................
.......................
.......................

defendant
assistant
trainee
addressee
actress
princess
driver
painter
historian
musician
scientist
novelist
supervisor
visitor

-DOM

......................................

kingdom

-ENCE

......................................

independence

-FUL

......................................

mouthful

-HOOD

......................................

neighbourhood

-ING

......................................

dancing

-ION

......................................

invention

-ISM

......................................

criticism

-ITY

......................................

sensitivity

-MENT

......................................

agreement

-NESS

......................................

happiness

b) Each of the sentences below contains a word printed in bold.


Complete each sentence by using this word to form a noun which
referts to a person who does a particular thing.

-SHIP

......................................

ownership

1.- If you are employed by a company, you are one of its ................................

1.- politics ......................................

2.- leader ......................................

2.- A .............................. is someone whose job is politics

3.- define ......................................

4.- dominate ......................................

3.- A woman who works as a ......................... does the same job as a waiter.

5.- free ......................................

6.- encourage ....................................

4.- The ............................. in a discussion are the people who participate in it.

7.- child ......................................

8.- lazy ......................................

5.- The person who conducts an orchestra is a ..................................

9.- cynic ......................................

10.- guide ......................................

6.- Your .......................................... is the person who teaches you.

11.- manage ......................................

12. Dismiss ......................................

-EE
-ESS
-ER
-IAN
-IST
-OR

d) Write a correct noun derived from the words given.

7.- A ............................ is someone who earns their living by playing the piano
8.- If someone examines you, you are the ........................................ and he or
she is the .............................................
2

2n Bat Curs 2012-13

Jos Vicente Pl Juan

2.- FORMING VERBS.

3.- FORMING ADJECTIVES.

e) -en , -ify, and -ize combine with nouns and adjectives to form
verbs. Look at the following list of adjectives and nouns and make
them verbs.

g) The following suffixes combine with verbs to form adjectives.

ADJECTIVE - VERB

NOUN -

VERB

Hard

.....................

horror

.....................

Now look at the verb printed in bold and write down the appropriate
adjective in the space provided.

Modern

.....................

memory

.....................

1.- Mr Smith has a great many ................................. qualities (ADMIRE)

Deep

.....................

beauty

.....................

2.- There was an ................................. story in the paper yesterday. (AMUSE)

Intense

.....................

sympathy

.....................

3.- I've got extra French lessons with a .............................. teacher. (RETIRE)

False

.....................

apology

.....................

4.- He made himself ......................... by handing round the coffee cups. (USE)

Fat

.....................

glory

.....................

5.- Deaths caused by reckless driving are ............................... (AVOID)

Sterile

.....................

length

.....................

6.- He felt very ......................... towards her and loved her dearly. (PROTECT)

-able

-ible

-ed

-ing

-ful

-ive

7.- The coat was .............................. in shades of blue and green. (PATTERN)
f)

8.- She slept on a ........................ bed with rough prickly sheets. (COLLAPSE)

Now look at the following sentences. Complete them by writing


down the correct form of one of the verbs in the lists above.

9.- .................................. paper tissues are more hygienic . (DISPOSE)

1.- He .................................. for interrupting her.


2.- She tried to .................................. her room with posters and plants.
3.- A study has been ordered into the feasibility of .................................... the
airport's main run away by 200 mts.
4.- However much they ............................ , they all felt it was her fault.
5.- Soya is excellent food for ........................... cattle.
6.- She laughed and that seemed to .................................. her voice.
7.- $40.000 had been spent on ............................... the station.
8.- ............................... the bottles by immersing them in boiling water.

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