INEQUATIONS & EQUATIONS

Exercise 1 (B)
1. [C]
( )( ) ( )
2
x 1 x 5x 7 x 1 + <
( ) ( )
2
x 1 x 5x 7 x 1 0 ( + <


( )
2
x 1 x 5x 7 1 0 ( + <


( )( )
2
x 1 x 5x 5 0 + <
(x 1) (x 3) (x 2) < 0
by curve method we get ( ) ( ) x ,1 2, 3 e
2. [D]
x 1 1 x , x R < e
Take square both side;

( ) ( )
2 2
x 1 1 x <
( ) ( )
2 2
x 1 1 x 0 <
( ) ( ) x 1 1 x x 1 1 x 0 ( ( + <


x x 1 x x 0 ( ( + <


L.H.S. of above inequality will become zero for x 0 > , as | x | x = x x = 0 so x 0 > is not the
feasible solution.
for x < 0
[ x + x 2] [ x x] < 0
( 2) ( 2x) < 0
4x < 0
+ +

1 2 3
x < 0
so x < 0 is the solution of given inequality.
3. [A]

x 0.5 x
4 7.2 4 ; x R
+
< e

( )
x 0.5
2 x
2 7.2 4
+

<

2x 1 x
2 7.2 4
+
<

2x x
2.2 7.2 4 0

<

2x x x
2.2 8.2 2 4 0

+ <

( ) ( )
x x
2.2 1 2 4 0

+ <
take
x
2 y

=
1
y 4
2
< <
x
1
2 4
2

< <
as
x
2

is always greater than

1
2
.
So,
x
0 2 4

< <
take log both sides

2
x log 4 < <
x 2 < <
x 2 > >
4. [A]

2
x 3
x
+ <
y
2 x
1
4
x

+ +
1
2

2
3 x 3
x
< + <

2
3 x
x
< + &
2
x 3
x
+ <

2
x 2
3 0
x
+
+ > &
2
x 2 3x
0
x
+
<

2
x 3x 2
0
x
+ +
> &
(x 2) (x 1)
0
x

<

( )( ) x 1 x 2
0
x
+ +
> & ( ) ( ) x , 0 1, 2 e (2)
( ) ( ) x 2, 1 0, e .(1)


By taking intersection of (1) & (2)
( ) ( ) x 2, 1 1, 2 e
5. [D]

x x
2 2 2 2 + >
case 1 : x 0 >
x x
2 2 2 2 + >

x
2 2 >

2
x log 2 >

1
x
2
>
case 2 : x < 0

x x
2 2 2 2

+ > (as
x
2 > 0)
2
1
0
1
0 2

2x x
2 1 2 2 2 + >

2x x
2 2 2 2 1 0 + >
take
x
2 y = .(y > 0)

2
y 2 2y 1 0 + >

( ) ( )
y 2 1 y 2 1
( (
+

>0

( )
y 2 1 s or
( )
y 2 1 > +

( )
x
2 2 1 s
( )
x
2 2 1 > +

( ) 2
x log 2 1 s
( ) 2
x log 2 1 0 > + >
As x < so but x < 0 for this solution is not true

( ) ( 2
x , log 2 1
(
e

(2)
By taking union of (1) & (2)

( ) ( 2
1
x , log 2 1 ,
2
|
(
e
|

.

6. [A]

( )
2
1
3
log x x 1 1 0 + + + < here
2
x x 1 0 x R + + > e

( ) 1
2
3
log x x 1 1 0

+ + + <

( )
2
3
1 log x x 1 1 + + <
k
a
a
1
as log b log b
k
| (
=

(
\

( )
2
3
log x x 1 1 + + > +
To hold true this inequality

2
x x 1 3 + + >
3
1
1
y
x
2
log 3

2
x x 2 0 + >
( ) ( ) x , 2 1, e
7. [B]

2
x x 2 x 0 + + >
case 1 : x 2 >
( )
2
x x 2 x 0 + + >

2 2
x 2 0 x 2 > >

( ) ( )
x , 2 2, e
but x 2 > so we get

) ( )
x 2, 2 2,

(1)
case 2 : x < 2
( )
2
x x 2 x 0 + + + >
( )
2
x 1 1 0 x R + + > e
But x < 2 for this case so ( ) x , 2 e .(2)
By taking union of (1) & (2)

( ) ( )
x , 2 2, e
8.

1 1
2 3
log x log x >

2 3
log x log x >

2 3
log x log x s
By curve we get ( |
x 0, 1 e

+ +
2
1
2
log x
3
log x
1
1
2 3
y
x

9. [B]

( )
2 2
3 3
log x log x 10
2
1
x
x
+
=
Take
3
log x a = ;
a
x 3 =

( )
2
3 3
2log x log x 10 2
x 1
+ +
=

2
2a a 8
x 1
+
=

( )
( )
2
2a a 8
a
3 1
+
=

( )( ) a a 4 a 2
3 1
+
=
So we get a (a + 4) (a 2) = 0
a = 0, 4, + 2 =
3
log x
so,
4 2
x 1, 3 , 3

1
x 1, , 9
81
=
10. [B]

a a
x log bc x 1 1 log bc = + = +
a a
log a log bc = +

a
x 1 log abc + =
Similarly
b
y log ca =
b
y 1 log abc + =
Similarly
c
z 1 log abc + =
So,
a b c
1 1 1 1 1 1
x 1 y 1 z 1 log abc log abc log abc
+ + = + +
+ + +

abc abc abc
log a log b log c = + +
( )
abc
log abc =
= 1
11. [D]

x x
3 1 3 9 >
take square both side

( ) ( )
2 2
x x
3 1 3 9 0 >

( ) ( ) ( )
x x x x
3 1 3 9 3 1 3 9 0
( (
+ >

| |
x
2 3 10 8 0 ( >

x x
3 5 0 3 5 > >

3
x log 5 >
12. [B]

x x
25 5 4 16 = (1)
Here
x
25 5 0 > &
x
4 16 0 >

x
5 25 s &
x 2
4 4 >

x 2
5 5 s & x 2 >
( |
x , 2 e &
| ) x 2, e
So only feasible region for given equation is x = 2
For x = 2, given equation is satisfied.
So no of solutions = 1
13. [D]
4x 1 7 x 0 + + =
As square root is always positive so given equation is feasible only if,
4x + 1 = 0 & 7 x = 0

1
x
4
= & x = 7
So no common solution.
14. [C]

2 2
x 2 x 2
4 9 2 8 0
+ +
+ =

2 2
2x 4 2 x 8
2 9 2 2 0
+ +
=

2 2
2x x
16 2 36 2 8 0 + =

2 2
2x x
4 2 9 2 2 0 + =
put
2
x
2 a =
so,
2
4a 9a 2 0 + =
(4a 1) (a 2) = 0

1
a , 2
4
=

2
x
1
2 , 2
4
=

2
x 2,1 =

2
x 2 = is not possible ;
2
x 1 =
x 1 =
15. [A]
( ) ( )
3
2 4
4
3
1
x 1 2x 1 x
2
| |
+ +
|
\ .
; ( ) x 0,1 e
( )
1
x 1 2x 1 x
2
| |
+ +
|
\ .
(as 1 + 2x > 0 for ( ) x 0,1 e )
( ) ( )
1
x 1 2x 1 x
2
| |
+ +
|
\ .

5
2

16. [A]

x 1
x 1
2 1
2
2 1

+

<
+

We can cross multiply
( )
x 1
2 1
+
+ as
x 1
2 1 0
+
+ > for x R e

( )
x 1 x 1
2 1 2 2 1
+
< +

x
x
2
1 4 2 4
2
< +

x
7
2 5
2
>

x
10
2
7

>
This is true for x R e
17. [C]

2x x
2 7 2 1 < ..(1)
Here
2x
2 7 0 >

2x
2 7 >

2
2x log 7 >

2
1
x log 7
2
> (2) (feasible region)
form feasible region it is clear that
x
2 1 0 >
so by taking square of (1)

( )
2
2x x
2 7 2 1 <

2x 2x x
2 7 2 1 2 2 < +

x
2 2 8 <

x
2 4 <
x < 2 ..(2)
by taking intersection of (1) & (2)
we get
2
1
x log 7, 2
2
|
e
|

.

| )
4
x log 7, 2 e
18. [A]

3
x 1 1 x >
case 1 :
3
x 1 0 >
x 1 >
so
( )
3
x 1 1 x >

3
x x 2 0 + >
( )( )
2
x 1 x x 2 + + >0
| ) x 1, e .(1)
case 2 :
3
x 1 0 <

3
x 1 x 1 < <
So,
( )
3
x 1 1 x >

3
x x 0 + >

3
x x 0 s
+ +

1 0 1
( )( ) x x 1 x 1 0 + s
( | | |
x , 1 0, 1 e ..(2)
So take union of (1) & (2)
( | | ) x , 1 0, e
19. [B]

x 2 x
2
x
+
<
case 1 : x 2 0 + >
x 2 > ..(i)

( ) x 2 x
2
x
+
<

2
2 0
x
<

1 x
0
x

<

x 1
0
x

>
( ) ( ) x , 0 1, e
Taking intersection of (i) & (ii)
| ) ( ) x 2, 0 1, e ..(iii)
case 2 :
x + 2 < 0 ( ) x , 2 e (A)

( ) x 2 x
2
x
+
<
0 1

+ +

2x 2 2x
0
x

<

2x 1
0
x
+
>
( )
1
x , 0,
2
| |
e
|
\ .
..(B)
Taking intersection of A & B
( ) x , 2 e ...(C)
So by taking union of (iii) & (c)
( ) ( ) x , 0 1, e
20. [A]

2
2
x 5x 4
1
x 4
+
s

2
2
x 5x 4
1 1
x 4
+
s s

case 1 :
2
2
x 5x 4
1
x 4
+
>

2 2
2
x 5x 4 x 4
0
x 4
+ +
>

( )
( )( )
x 2x 5
0
x 2 x 2

>
+

( ) | )
5
x , 2 0, 2 ,
2
|
e
|

.
(1)
case 2 :
2
2
x 5x 4
1
x 4
+
s

2 2 4
2
x 5x 4 x
0
x 4
+
+
s

0
1
2

+ +
+ +

5
2
0 2
2
+

( )( )
8 5x
0
x 2 x 2

s
+

( )
( )( )
5x 8
0
x 2 x 2

>
+

( )
8
x 2, 2,
5
| (
e

(
\
.(2)
By taking intersection of (1) & (2)

8 5
x 0, ,
5 2
( |
e
|
(
.

21. [C]

2
x x 12
2x
x 3

>

case 1 : x 0 >

2
x x 12
2x
x 3

>

2
x x 12
2x 0
x 3

>

2 2
x x 12 2x 6x
0
x 3
+
>

2
x 5x 12
0
x 3
+
>

2
x 5x 12
0
x 3
+
s

as
2
x 5x 12 + is always greater than zero for x R e
so,
1
0
x 3
s

( ) x , 3 e
+

8
5
2
2
+
case 2 : x < 0

2
x x 12
2x 0
x 3
+
>

2 2
x x 12 2x 6x
0
x 3
+ +
>

2
x 7x 12
0
x 3
+
>

2
x 7x 12
0
x 3
+
s

( )( )
( )
x 4 x 3
0
x 3

s

x 4 0 s
( |
x , 4 e
But for this case x < 0
So we get
( ) x , 0 e
take union of (1) & (2)
( ) x , 3 e
22. [C]

2
2
x 3x 1
3
x x 1

<
+ +

3
2
x 3x 1
3 3
x x 1

< <
+ +

Case 1 :
2
2
x 3x 1
3
x x 1

>
+ +


as
( )
2
x x 1 + + is always greater than zero
so
( )
2 2
x 3x 1 3 x x 1 > + +

2
4x 2 0 + >
x R e .(1)
Case 2 :
2
2
x 3x 1
3
x x 1
+
<
+ +

2 2
x 3x 1 3x 3x 3 < + +

2
2x 6x 4 0 + + >

2
x 3x 2 0 + + >
(x + 1) (x + 2) > 0
( ) ( ) x , 2 1, e .(2)
Take intersection of (1) & (2)
( ) ( ) x , 2 1, e
23. [D]

x 3 x
1
x 2
+ +
>
+

x 3 x
1 0
x 2
+ +
>
+

x 3 x x 2
0
x 1
+ +
>
+

x 3 2
0
x 2
+
>
+

Case 1 : x 3 x 3 + > >

x 3 2
0
x 2
+
>
+

+ +
2
1

x 1
0
x 2
+
>
+

( ) ( ) x , 2 1, e
but for this case x 3 >
so we get
| ) ( ) x 3, 2 1, e
case 2 : x + 3 < 0
x < 3
so,
( ) x 3 2
0
x 2
+
>
+

x 5
0
x 2
+
<
+

( ) x 5, 2 e
as x < 3 so ( ) x 5, 3 e ..(2)
take union of (1) & (2)
( ) ( ) x 5, 2 1, e
So least integral value of x = 4
24. [A]

2
x 2 2
1
x 3
+ | |
<
|
\ .

So,
2
x 2
1 0
x
+ | |
>
|
\ .

2
2
x x 2
0
x

>

( )( )
2
x 2 x 1
0
x
+
>
2
5

+ +
+

0
1
2
+
So, ( | | ) x , 1 2, e .(1)

2
x 2 2
1
x 3
+ | |
<
|
\ .

2
x 2 4
1
x 9
+ | |
<
|
\ .

2
5 x 2
0
9 x
+
<

2
2
5x 9x 18
0
9x

<

( )( )
2
5x 6 x 3
0
x
+
<
+

0
6
5

3
+

So, ( )
6
x , 0 0, 3
5
| |
e
|
\ .
(2)
By taking (1) (2)
| )
6
x , 1 2, 3
5
| (
e

(
\

25.
4 1 x 2 x 0 >
Here 1 x 0 >
2 x > 0
x 1 s .(i)
4 1 x 0 >
4 1 x >
16 1 x >
x 15 > ..(ii)
So, (i) (ii)
| |
x 15,1 e ..(iii) feasible region
Take intersection of (iv) & (iii)
| |
x 2, 1 e (1)
Now
4 1 x 2 x >
Take square both side
4 1 x 2 x >
2 x 1 x + >
here 2 x 0 x 2 + > > (iv)
so, 2 x 1 x + >
take square
2
4 x 4x 1 x + + >

2
x 5x 3 0 + + >

5 13 5 13
x x
2 2
| | | | | | | |
+
| |
| |
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

5 13 13 5
x , ,
2 2
| | | |

e
| |
| |
\ . \ .
(2)
(1) (2)

13 5
x , 1
2
| (

e
(

\

26. [A]

2
x
4 x 0
x
+ >
Here
2
4 x 0 >

2
x 4 s
| |
x 2, 2 e .(i)
Case 1 : x > 0

2
x
4 x 0
x
+ > ( ) x 0 =

2
4 x 1 0 + >

2
4 x 1 > true for x R e
Case 2 : x < 0

( )
2
x
4 x 0
x

+ >

2
4 x 1 0 >

2
4 x 1 >
Take square
2
4 x 1 >
2
x 3 s
x 3, 3
(
e


but x < 0
so
)
x 3, 0

so case (1) case (2)
x R e .(ii)
But our feasible region is
| |
x 2, 2 e
So greatest integral x = 2
27. [C]

3
x 2 x
0
4 x
+
>

here
3
4 x 0 >

( )
3 3
x 4 x , 4 < e (1)
as
3
4 x is greater than zero
x 2 x 0 + >
x 2 x + >

2 2
(x 2) x + >
( )( ) x 2 x x 2 x 0 + + + >
( ) 2 2x 2 0 + >
x 1 > .(2)
So (1) (2)

)
3
x 1, 4

28. [A]

4
x 1
log 0
x 2
+ | |
>
|
+
\ .

x 1
1
x 2
+
>
+

x 1 x 2
0
x 1
+
>
+

1
0
x 2

>
+

1
0
x 2
<
+

( ) x , 2 e
29. [A]

3
x ax b 0 + + =
0 o+|+ =
a o|+| + o =
b o| =
( ) ( )
3 3 3 2 2 3
o +| + = o+| o +| o| +
( ) ( )
( )
2
3
2 = o+| o|o| +
( ) ( )
2 3
3 = o| +
3 3b = + o| =

( ) ( )
2
2 2 2
2 o +| + = o+|+ o|+| + o

3 3 3
2 2 2
3b 3b
2a 2a
o +| +
= =
o +| +

30. [A]
( )
3 2
f x x 2x k = + +
if (x 1) is divisor of f (x)
then f (1) = 0
f (1) = 1 + 2 + k = 0
k = 3
31. [D]

3 2
4x 20x 23x 6 0 + + =
Lets take root are , , o o |

20
2 5
4

o+|= = ..(1)

2
23
4

o + o|+ o| =

2
6
4

o | =
( )
2
6
5 2
4
o o =

2 3
6
5 2 0
4
o + o =

3 2
8 20 6 0 o + o =
Which gives
1
2
o =
So
1
2 5
2
| |
+| =
|
\ .
6 | =
So roots are
1 1
6, ,
2 2

32. [D]

3 2
2x 5x 3x 1 0 + =

1
2
o| =

5
2
o+|+ =

5
1 1 1 2
5
1
2
| |
|
o+|+
\ .
+ + = = =
o| | |o o| | |
|
\ .

33. [A]

3 2
x 4x x 6 0 + + =
Roots are 2 , 3 , o o |
So, 2 3 4 o+ o+| =
5 4 o +| = ..(1)
( ) ( ) ( ) 2 3 6 o o | =

2
1 o | = (2)
by (1) & (2)
( )
2
4 5 1 o o =

3 2
5 4 1 0 o o =
By this we get 1 o =
So roots are 2, 3, 1
34. [B]

3 2
4x 12x 11x k 0 + + =
sum of roots ( )
12
a d a a d 3
4
+ + + = =
a = 1
as a is root of equation so it will satisfy it.

( )
3
2
4 a 12a 11a k 0 + + =
4 12 + 11 + k = 0
k 3
35. [B]

3 2
x 11x 37x 35 0 + =
If root is 3 2 + , second root has to be 3 2
Lets take third root o
So,
( ) ( )
3 2 3 2 11 + + + o =
5 o=
36. [B]
As x + 1 is factor so x = 1 will satisfy the expression.
( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( )
4 3 2
1 p 3 1 3p 5 1 2p q 1 12 0 + + + + =
p = 2
37. [D]

3
x ix 1 i 0 + =
roots will be 1 + i, 1 i, o
1 + i + 1 i + o=0
2 o=
So equation with roots (1 i) & 2 is
( ) ( )( )
2
x 1 i 2 x 1 i 2 0 + =
( ) ( )
2
x 1 i x 2 1 i 0 + + =
38.

4 3 2
2x 9x 8x 9x 2 0 + + + + =
39. [A]

3
x 1 0 =
roots will be , , o |
0 o+|+ =
0 Eo| =
1 o| =
( ) ( ) 1 3 3 E o+ = o+|+ + =
( )( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E o+ |+ = o+ |+ + o+ + |+ +
( ) ( ) ( ) 1 1 1 = Eo|+ o+|+ + o+ + + |+ +
= 3
( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( ) 1 1 1 1 1 o+ |+ + = o|+o+|+ +
1 2 = o| +o|+o +o+| +|+ + =
So equation with ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 , 1 , 1 o+ |+ + as roots

3 2
x 3x 3x 2 0 + =
40. [B]

3
x 3x 2 0 + + =
a + b + c = 0
ab + bc + ca = 3
abc = 2
( ) ( )
3 3 3 2 2 2
a b c 3abc a b c a b c ab bc ca + + = + + + + + + + = 0
( )
3 3 3
a b c 3 2 + + = = 6
41. [A]

3
x 1 0 + =
0 o+|+ =
0 o|+| + o =
1 o| =
( ) ( )
2
2 2 2
2 o+|+ = o +| + + o|+| + o

2 2 2
0 o +| + =

( ) ( )
2
2 2 2 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 o +| + = o +| + + o | +| + o
( ) ( )
2
4 4 4
0 2 2
(
= o +| + + o|+| + o o| | +| o+ o o|


( )
4 4 4
2 0 2 ( = o +| + + |+ +o

( ) 1 o| =
( )
4 4 4
0 2 0 2 0 ( = o +| + +

4 4 4
0 o +| + =
42. [A]

3 2
x 3x 2x 4 0 + + + =
3 o| =
2 Eo| =
4 o| =
( ) ( ) ( )
3 2
x 2 2 2 x 2 x 2 2 2 0 o+ |+ + Eo | o | =

3 2
x 6x 8x 32 0 + + + =
43. [A]
As , , o | satisfy cubic equation
3 2
x 5x 5x 3 0 + =
So, , , o | are roots of this equation
5 o+|+ =
44. [C]

1
x
x 2
1
5
25
+
| |
>
|
\ .

x 2
2
x
1
5
5
+
>

2
x 2
x
5 5 1
+
>

2
x 2
0
x
5 5
+ +
>
1
So
2
x 2 0
x
+ + >

2
x 2x 2
0
x
+ +
>
Numerator is always > 0
So
1
0
x
>
( ) x 0, e
45.

2
x 5x 6
0
x 7
+
<
+

( )( ) x 3 x 2
0
x 7

<
+

As 7 x 7 + >
So we can cross multiply 7 x +
(x 3) (x 2) < 0
( ) x 2, 3 e
46. [D]

2x 1
2
x 1

>

2x 1
2
x 1

<

or
2x 1
2
x 1

>

2x 1 2x 2
0
x 1
+
<

or
2x 1 2x 2
0
x 1
+
>

4x 3
0
x 1

<

or
1
0
x 1
>

3
2

+ +

3
x ,1
4
| |
e
|
\ .
or x > 1
So, { }
3
x , 1
4
| |
e
|
\ .


47. [A]

1 1
x 3 2
<

Case 1 : x 0 >

1 1
0
x 3 2
<

( )
5 x
0
2 x 3

<

( )
x 5
0
x 3

>

( ) ( ) x , 3 5, e
but x 0 >
so,
| ) ( ) x 0, 3 5, e ..(1)
Case 2 : x < 0

1 1
0
x 3 2
<

1 1
0
x 3 2
+ >
+

5 x
0
x 3
+
>
+

( ) ( ) x , 5 3, e
but x < 0
so, ( ) ( ) x , 5 3, 0 e ..(2)
so (1) (2)
( ) ( ) x , 5 3, e
so least positive integer value = 1
48. [C]
( )
2
x 1 x x 2 0 >

( )
2
x x 2 0 > & ( ) x 1 0 >
( )( ) x 2 x 1 0 + > & x 1 >
( | | ) x , 1 2, e &
| ) x 1, e
So,
| ) x 2, e
49. [B]

( )
2 2
x 1 x x 2 0 >

( )
2
x 1 0 > &
2
x x 2 0 >
( | | ) x , 1 1, e ..(1) & ( )( ) x 2 x 1 0 + >
( | | ) x , 1 2, e .(2)
Take (1) (2)
So, ( | | ) x , 1 2, e
Least positive integer = 2
50. [C]

x x 1
49 7 98 0
+
+ <

2x x
7 7.7 98 0 + <

x
7 a = ;
2
a 7a 78 0 + <
(a + 14) (a 7) < 0
( )
x
a 14 7 14 0 for x R + = + > e

x
7 7 <
So, x < 1