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Samuchitha: Hi Nirupama, can you even think Samuchitha: By the way, some thing very sur-
of it? My walking all the 5 km last prising. I saw Nikhila and Akhila
night home from the party? together last evening. Are they
(†’´yC ņ’-éÓ-ØÁjØ√ ņ’-éÓ-í∫-©¢√? friends again?
Party †’ç* ÉçöÀéÀ 5 éÀ™ -O’-ô®Ω÷x (ÅC-ÆæÍ®. î√™« Ǩ¡a-®Ωu-éπ-®Ω-¢Á’i†
؈’ †úÕ-*-®√-´úøç?) N≠æߪ’ç. E"©, Å"© ´’Sx éπL-Ææ’ç-
Nirupama: I was in the same position as well. úøôç îª÷¨»†’ E†o. ´’Sx ¢√∞¡Ÿx ÊÆo£œ«-
I thought of walking home, but I ûª’-©-ߪ÷u®√?)
didn't feel up to it. Fortunately Nirupama: Don't you know? They have
Nikhila gave me a lift and dropped kissed and made up. They are
me home. friends like never before.
b) Why do you rub him up the wrong side by
2) talk shop =
(Ø√D ÅüË °æJ-ÆœnA. ÉçöÀéÀ †úÕ* ®√¢√- (Fèπ◊ ûÁL-ߪ’ü∆? ¢√∞¡Ÿx ´’Sx äéπ-õ„j-§Ú- -´’-† ´%Ah, ¢√u°æ-é¬-©†’ í∫’Jç*
©-†’-èπ◊-Ø√o†’, é¬F Åçûª îËߪ’-í∫-©-†-E-°œç- ߪ÷®Ω’. Éçûª-èπ◊-´·ç-üÁ-°æ¤púø÷ ™‰†çûª rising that issue = Ç N≠æߪ’ç í∫’Jç* ´÷ö«x-
îª-™‰ü¿’. Åü¿%-≠d-´æ -¨»ûª’h E"© lift É*a ÊÆo£œ«-ûª’-™„j-§Ú-ߪ÷-J-°æ¤púø’.) ´÷ö«x-úøôç.
a) Well, we are at a marriage. Would you stop
úø-ô-¢Á ’çü¿’èπ◊, Çߪ ’†èπ◊ éÓ°æç ûÁ°œpç-îª-úø-¢Á’ç-ü¿’èπ◊?
´÷ Éçöx †ØÌo-C-L-°-öÀdçC.) Samuchitha: Happy to hear that. 5) Be right on the nail = correct í¬ îÁ°æpúøç/
talking shop? Remember, not all of us are
Samuchitha: What a bore Kumar was last (NØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ÆæçûÓ-≠æçí¬ ÖçC.) Ü£œ«ç-îªúøç, etc.
doctors = ´’†ç °Rx-éÌî√aç. O’ ´%Ah ¢√u°æ-鬩
night! ´’†ç É°æ¤púø’ ´’J-éÌEo phrasal verbs í∫’Jç* N≠æߪ÷©’ ´÷ö«x-úøôç Ç°æ¤-û√®√? Ééπ\-úø’†o a) You are right on the nail when you say he is
(èπ◊´÷®˝ áçûª NÆœ-Tç-î √úÓ E†o ûÁ©’-Ææ’-èπ◊çü∆ç. Phrasal verbs á°æ¤púø÷ ´’† prac- not the man for the job = Åûªúø’ Ç °æEéÀ ûªí∫úø’
tice °j Çüµ∆-®Ω-°æúÕ Öçö«®·. ´’†ç áçûª áèπ◊\-´í¬
¢√∞¡xç-ü¿®Ωç doctors é¬ç. í∫’®Ω’hç--éÓçúÕ. (Åçõ‰
°RxéÌ*a† Éü¿l®Ω’ ņúøç™ †’´¤y î√™« correct.
®√vA!)
Nirupama: He always is! He talks shop when- ´’† conversation ™ ¢√öÀE
ever we meet him. He tires us with ¢√úÕûË Åçûª ¶«í¬ í∫’®Ω’hç-ö«®·.
doctors ¢Ájü¿uç b) The newspaper was right on the nail when
it wrote that the government would certain-
his work as a software man all the Look at the following sen-
N≠æߪ’ç ´÷ö«x-úø’-
ly gag the press if only it had an opportuni-
time.
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 460 ´÷ô.)
èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o-®Ω-†o-
tences from the conversa-
ty = Å´-鬨¡ç üÌJ-éÀûË v°æ¶µº’ûªyç °ævA-éπ© ØÓ∞¡Ÿx
(Åûª-ØÁ-°æ¤púø÷ NÆœ-T-≤ƒhúø’! á°æ¤púø’ tion above:
´’†ç ÅûªúÕE éπL- ØÌÍé\-Ææ’hçC ÅE Ç
b) The boys finished the game at 5 = 3) The Police has signalled and the car
The car was stopped by the protesters = Ç
stopped = Police signal
car car
Å®·CçöÀéÀ (í∫ûªç™) °œ©x©’ Çô ´·Tç-îË- E®Ω-Ææ-†-é¬-®Ω’©’ †’ ÇÊ°-¨»®Ω’ – ¢√∞¡x îËûª Éî√aúø’. é¬®Ω’
was stopped
¨»®Ω’. Ç°æ-•-úÕçC. É™«çöÀ Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x ÇTçC– ÉC ´÷´‚-©’í¬ ïJ-ÍíüË.
c) The boys will have finished the game by correct Subordinate clause Past Perfect ™ ≤ƒüµ∆-®Ω-
Q.
Å-´îª’a.
1. The boys - (finish) the game by five. 5=
The car stopped when the police signalled;
Å®·ü¿’ ™°æ-©-í¬F Å®·CçöÀ-éÀ-í¬F °œ©x©’ ùçí¬ Öçúøü¿’.
1. will finish, 2. will have fin- The car was stopped when the police sig-
The car had stopped when the police sig-
-Ñ -¢√éπuç-™– Çô ´·Tç-îË-Ææ’ç-ö«®Ω’. (Å°æpöÀ ™°æ© Å®·-
ished, 3. finished – nalled = Police, signal car
nalled - sentences
-à-C ÆæÈ®j† Ææ´÷-üµ∆†ç §Ú-ûª’çC) Ñ È®çúø’ ¢ËÍ®y®Ω’ Å®√n™-ûÓ É´y-í¬ØË †’
-Å-´¤-ûª’ç-C? 2. The car stopped and the boys jumped out correct. á´®Ó Ç§ƒ®Ω’.
2. The car (stop) when the police signalled of it = The car stopped --- . Car police
1) The car stopped when the police sig-
é¬®Ω’ ÇTçC, °œ©x-©ç-ü¿’-™ç* •ßª’-öèπ◊ ÇTçC
1. was stopped, 2. stopped, car stopped correct signal
nalled = Police signal
-Ñ -¢√éπuç-™– Èíçû√®Ω’ – Ééπ\úø ÅØËC ¢Ëߪ’í¬ØË/ ¢Ëߪ’úøçûÓ É´y-í¬ØË.
3. had stopped – -à-C ÆæÈ®j† Ææ´÷-üµ∆†ç éπü∆? car ÇTçC – È®çúø÷ äÍé-≤ƒJ ïJ-í¬®·. The car had stopped --- . = signal É´y-éπ-
The car was stopped ÅE á°æ¤p-úøç-ö«®Ω’? car
2) The car had stopped when the police sig-
Å-´¤-ûª’ç-C? ´·çüË ÇTçC.
– P. Venkateswara, Madanapalle car ™°æ© Ö†o ¢√∞¡Ÿx é¬èπ◊çú≈ car •ßª’ô Ö†o nalled= Police signal car
Éî√aúø’. Å°æp-öÀÍé Before, after ©’ ¢√úÕ†°æ¤púø’ ´·çü¿’ ïJ-T†
A. 1. a) The boys will finish the game at 5 = ¢√∞¡Ÿx ü∆EéÀ Åúø’f-ûª-TL ÅC ¢Á∞¡x-èπ◊çú≈ îËÆœ-†-°æ¤púø’ ÇTçC. Car Çí∫úøç signal ÉîËa ´·çüË ïJ- °æEéÀ, past perfect Åçûª °æöÀdç°æ¤ ™‰ü¿’.
(future)
Å®·CçöÀéÀ °œ©x©’ Çô ´·T-≤ƒh®Ω’. éπü∆? Tç-ü¿E– Å™« ïJÍí Å´-é¬-¨»©÷ Öçö«®· éπü∆.