CONTENTS

NO TOPICS PAGE
1. Title of projects
2. Introduction
3. Acknowledgement
4. History
5. Objective
6. Section A
7. Section B
8. Conclusion
9. Reflection






INTRODUCTION




TITLE :
APPLICATION of MATHEMATICS IN
POPCORN PACKAGING







ACKNOWLEDGEMENT



First of all, I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my
additional mathematics teacher, Puan Tan Gien Pei who gave me the
opportunity to do this project and help me a lot throughout finishing this project.
Without her guide, I may not finish my project and do it properly.


Secondly, I would like to thanks my parents and my family for providing
everything, such as money to buy anything that are related to this project and
their advises, which is the most needed to do this project. I am grateful for their
constant support and help. Not forgotten to my friends who have contributed
lots of idea in finding the topic that would be interesting to do and gave their
comments on my research. I really appreciate their kindness and help.


Beside that, I want to thanks to the respondents for helping and spending
their time to answer my questions for this project. Without respondents, I might
not be able to complete this project because their co-operation in answering the
questions, I have the conclusion for this project.


Last but not least, I would like to express my thankfulness to those who
are involved either directly or indirectly in completing this project. Thank you
for all the co-operation given.


HISTORY of POPCORN

Popcorn was first discovered thousands of years ago by Native
Americans. It is one of the oldest forms of corn: evidence of popcorn from 3600
B.C. was found in New Mexico and even earlier evidence dating to perhaps as
early as 4700 BC was found in Peru. Some Popcorn has been found in early
1900s to be a purple color.
The English who came to America in the 16th and 17th centuries learned
about popcorn from the Native Americans.

During the Great Depression, popcorn was comparatively cheap at 510
cents a bag and became popular. Thus, while other businesses failed, the
popcorn business thrived and became a source of income for many struggling
farmers. During World War II, sugar rations diminished candy production,
causing Americans to eat three times as much popcorn than they had before.

At least six localities (all in the Midwestern United States) claim to be
the "Popcorn Capital of the World": Ridgway, Illinois; Valparaiso, Indiana; Van
Buren, Indiana; Schaller, Iowa; Marion, Ohio; and North Loup, Nebraska.
According to the USDA, most of the corn used for popcorn production is
specifically planted for this purpose; most is grown in Nebraska and Indiana,
with increasing area in Texas.

As the result of an elementary school project, popcorn became the
official state snack food of Illinois, U.S.A.
OBJECTIVES
Apply and adapt a variety of problem-solving strategies ti solve routine and
non-routine problems.
Acquire effective mathematical communication through oral and writing, and
to use the language of mathematics to express mathematical ideas correctly and
precisely.
Increase interest and confidence as well as enhance acquisition of
mathematical knowledge and skills that are useful for career and future
undertakings.
Realize that mathematics is an important and powerful tool in solving real-life
problems and hence develop positive attitude towards mathematics.
Train students not only to be independent learners but also collaborate, to
cooperate, and to share knowledge in an engaging and healthy environment.
Use technology especially the ICT appropriately and effectively.
Train students to appreciate the intrinsic values of mathematics and to become
more creative and innovative.
Realize the importance and the beauty of mathematics.



SECTION A





Materials :
8.5 x 11 in Green paper
11 x 8.5 in Blue paper
Tape
Popcorn plate
Cup
Ruler
1. Cylinder A.








2. Cylinder B.







8.5
t
11

11

8.5
t
ANSWER 1
DIMENSION CYLINDER A CYLINDER B
HEIGHT 11.0 8.5
DIAMETER 2.6 3.4
RADIUS 1.3 1.7




11
2.7
1.3
8.5
3.5
1.7
HEIGHT DIAMETER RADIUS
Dimension of Cylinder
CYLINDER A
CYLINDER B
ANSWER 2
The two cylinders will hold the different amount. Cylinder B will hold more than Cylinder
A. This is because the radius of Cylinder B is longer and this make the volume is bigger
than Cylinder A. Although the height of Cylinder B is shorter than Cylinder A, but this does
not affect much compare the affect of different in radius.


ANSWER 3
Cylinder B is not full. There is still space in the cylinder for more popcorn.


ANSWER 4
a) Yes, my prediction is correct. It is based on the formula, volume of cylinder equals to

. According to the formula, radius,r has more effect than height,h since radius,r is
squared. Thus, the Cylinder B with greater radius,r have the greater volume,V than
Cylinder A.

b) Cylinder B has a greater volume than Cylinder A.



ANSWER 5
a) An element of volume, is a right cylinder of base area Aw
i
square units and a
thickness of
i
x units. Thus if V cubic units is the volume of the right
circular cylinder, by Riemann sums,





Using cylindrical coordinates, the volume can be calculated by integration over

=

b) Volume of Cylinder A

V =

= x 1.3 x 11
= 58.4 cm

c) Volume of Cyliinder B

V =

h
= x 1.7 x 8.5
= 77.2 cm



d) Different cylinders with different radii and height will have different values
in volume. Based on the formula,

, the radius is squared and hence

radius plays a bigger part than the diameter. The reason why Cylinder B has
bigger volume than Cylinder A because it has a bigger radius than Cylinder A




Data and Observations:
The cylinder with have the greater radius and diameter will have the greater volume
The radius of Cylinder B is greater than Cylinder A.
The volume of Cylinder B is greater than Cylinder A.
So, Cylinder B holds more popcorn than Cylinder B.

DIMENSION CYLINDER A CYLINDER B
HEIGHT, inch 11.0 8.5
DIAMETER, inch 2.6 3.4
RADIUS, inch 1.3 1.7
VOLUME, inch 58.4 77.2

Height,h Diameter,d Radius,r Volume,V
Cylinder A 11 2.6 1.3 58.4
Cylinder B 8.5 3.4 1.7 77.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
ANSWER 6
Original ;
RADIUS HEIGHT VOLUME
3 10 282.74

Increased Radius ;
RADIUS HEIGHT VOLUME
4 10 502.65
5 10 785.40
6 10 1130.97
7 10 1539.38
8 10 2010.62

Increased Height ;
RADIUS HEIGHT VOLUME
3 11 311.02
3 12 339.29
3 13 367.57
3 14 395.84
3 15 424.12

From the tables above, it is clear that the radius lays a larger impact on the
volume of the cylinder. This is because the radius is squared in the formula, to
determine volume of the cylinder. Increasing the radius increased the volume
more than increasing the height. Therefore the radius is squared to find the
volume, which increases its impact on the volume.

CONCLUSION
Container Height Radius Length Width Volume
CUBE 7.7460 - 7.7460 7.7460 464.76
HEMISPHERE - 6.9090 - - 690.99
CUBOID 5.00 - 10.00 10.00 500.00
CYLINDER 5.6419 5.6419 - - 564.19
CONE 10.5006 7.4252 - - 606.03

Shape of containers that give the most popcorn reflect the
maximum volume. From the activity earlier, I found that increasing the radius
increased the volume more than increasing the height. This is because the radius
is squared to find the volume, which increases its impact on the volume.

From the calculations, it has been found that HEMISPHERE can
be filled in with the most amount popcorn. It followed by CONE, CUBOID,
and CYLINDER. These means that CUBE is the container that can be filled
with the least amount of popcorn.

Randomly, surveying at the movie theater, no CUBE or CUBOID
shapes can be found. Therefore, in this case, the HEMISPHERE was the most
preferable container that can have the most popcorns.



i. You are the popcorn seller, what type of container would you look for?

If I was the popcorn seller, I will look for CUBE shape container. It is because
the least popcorns will be in. So, I will get the most profit for my sale.
Furthermore, it is cute and simple shape.

ii. You are the producer of the containers, what type of container would you
choose to have the most profit?

If I was the producer of the popcorns containers, I will look for CONE shape
container. It is because this shape is the easiest production and it takes less effort
and also no time consuming to produce.




Cube
Hemispher
e
Cuboid
Cylinder
Cone
464.76
690.99
500
564.19
606.03
Volume of container,V (cm)
Volume of container
REFLECTION
In the making of this project, I have spent countless hours doing this project. I
realized that this subject is a compulsory to me. Without it, I cant fulfill my big
dreams and wishes. This project taught me to economise when selecting a
product. In this case, if we wanted the most popcorn, go for the cylinder
container However, from this project, we also learn that we must be wise in
handling manufacture of these containers to avoid wastage and harm towards
environment. We must also consider the shape of the container to be
manufactured as it affects the cost for manufacturing it. Hence, this shows that
we, as humans are gifted with minds to think and plan ahead for a better future.
I used to hate Additional Mathematics
It always make me wonder why this subject is so difficult
It always an absolute obstacle for me
Throughout day and night
I sacrificed my precious time to have fun
From
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday,,,
And even the weekend that I always looking forward to
From now on, I will do my best on every second that I will learn Additional
Mathematics full of effort!