Name: _____________________________________ Date: __________________

Guided Reading Chapter 11 and 45

Page 1 of 5 Adapted from L. Miriello by S. Sharp

Chapter 11
1. What is a signal transduction pathway?



2. Define the following:
a. Local regulator

b. Hormone

c. Pheromones (remember them?)

d. Paracrine signaling

e. Synaptic signaling

3. Using the relevant terms from Question 2 and Figure 11.5, label the following diagram:





4. List and explain the three stages of signaling.

a.


b.


c.


5. How do cell junctions affect the signaling systems? Use the
diagram to the right if you prefer.





Name: _____________________________________ Date: __________________
Guided Reading Chapter 11 and 45
Page 2 of 5 Adapted from L. Miriello by S. Sharp

6. Label the following diagram with the
stages of signaling.







7. Define ligand.


8. What is a G protein-linked receptor?



9. Label the image below: 10. Label the diagram below of a G protein-linked receptor:













11. What is a kinase?



12. Label the diagram of the receptor tyrosine kinase below:


Name: _____________________________________ Date: __________________
Guided Reading Chapter 11 and 45
Page 3 of 5 Adapted from L. Miriello by S. Sharp


13. Label and title the diagram below: 14. Label the diagram below:


15. The signal transduction pathway is important because of amplification. Explain what is meant by
amplification.



16. What is the significance of the diagram below and label it?













Name: _____________________________________ Date: __________________
Guided Reading Chapter 11 and 45
Page 4 of 5 Adapted from L. Miriello by S. Sharp


Chapter 45
17. What is a hormone?


18. What is the endocrine system and what are its functions?


19. What are endocrine glands?



20. How does synaptic signaling demonstrate the overlap between the endocrine and nervous system?



21. The diagram to the right represents the basic
patterns of hormonal control. Part (c) shows a
combination of neuroendocrine and endocrine
mechanisms. Label Parts A and B as either endocrine
or neuroendocrine, using Figures 45.10 and 45.11 as
guides:



22. What are the three major classes of molecules
that function as hormones in vertebrates?

a.

b.

c.

23. How can one chemical signal cause different effects?



24. How does the hypothalamus integrate information?



25. What is the importance of tropic hormones?


Name: _____________________________________ Date: __________________
Guided Reading Chapter 11 and 45
Page 5 of 5 Adapted from L. Miriello by S. Sharp

26. What is the main function of the parathyroid hormone and, in your own words, why is it important?







27. Complete the diagram to the right of the feedback loops
concerning calcium regulation (fill in the six open shapes).
The bottom half corresponds to PTH feedback as in Figure
45.19; the upper half is not in your book but represents
the calcitonins opposite effect. This is very important and
you will need to think on your own to complete this
problem.




28. Consider Figure 45.20. How does the body respond differently to long-term and short-term stressors?
Why is this an advantage?



29. How could chronic short-term stress responses be a disadvantage to the organism?



30. What are the gonadal sex hormones?



31. What is the pineal gland and why is it important?