Lektion 5: wo-, hier-, da-

Prposition Frage, Konjunktion Antwort

von
wovon
of what, from what?
hiervon
hereof, from this
davon
thereof, from that
mit
womit
with what, by means of what?
hiermit
herewith, hereby,
saying this (with these words)
damit
with it, thereby,
(by doing so)
bei
wobei
close to what?, at what?,
what ... doing?
hierbei
(at this),
in doing so (with it)
dabei
near by,
in doing so (with it), withal
fr
wofr
for what (purpose)?
hierfr
for this,
for this purpose, in exchange
dafr
for that reason,
in return, in exchange
gegen
wogegen
against what?
(hiergegen)
against this
dagegen
against that
nach
wonach
whereto, after what, what...of?,
according to what/which
hiernach
after this, of this,
according to this
danach
afterwards, of that,
accordingly
vor
wovor
before what, what ... of?
hiervor
before this, of this
hiernach
before that, of that
hinter
wohinter
behind what?
(hierhinter)
behind here
dahinter
behind (it)
zu
wozu
whereto,
to what end? what ...for? purpose
to what point? argument
hierzu
to this end,
concerning this, as to this
dazu
in order to do that,
concerning that, as to that,
in addition to that,
an
woran
~ in/at/about/close to what
hieran daran
auf
worauf
whereon, whereupon;
at which ...
hierauf darauf
aus
woraus
out of what,
what ... made of? material
hieraus daraus
in
worin
wherein
hierin darin
unter
worunter
under what,
what...from?
hierunter darunter
ber
worber
above what, over what,
about what? topic
hierber darber
wegen,
aufgrund
weswegen, weshalb
for what reason, why
deswegen, deshalb
*

therefore

1. Question: Wovon redest du? What do you talk of?
2. Relative clause: Ich wei, wovon du redest I know what you are talking about

3. Statement: Davon rede ich. Im talking about that.
Hiervon rede ich morgen. As for this, Ill talk about it tomorrow.

4. preposition + clause: Ich rede davon, was wir jetzt essen sollen Im talking about what we might eat now
Ich frage (deshalb), weil ich gehen muss Im asking because I have to go (away)
Ich sehne mich danach, zu verreisen I ache to go on a journey
(I long for [that] to make-a-journey)

*
meinetwegen because of me, in my behalf, for all I care, for my part;
likewise: deinetwegen, seinetwegen, ihretwegen, unseretwegen, euretwegen, ihretwegen; derentwegen because of which
Examples for special usage:

Hiermit bewerbe ich mich um ... I am writing to apply for ...
Hiermit erklren wir, dass ... We hereby declare that ...
Wobei hast du ihn gestrt? What was he doing when you disturbed him?
Kann ich dir dabei helfen? Can I help you with it?
Was gibst du mich hierfr? What will you give me in exchange?
Wonach riecht das? What does it smell of?
Wonach beurteilst du das? According to what do you assess it?
Wovor hast du Angst? What are you afraid of?
Was steckt dahinter? Whats behind all that?
Wozu mchtest du etwas sagen? To what point do you want to say something?
Was sagst du dazu? What do you say as to that?
Kommt noch etwas dazu? Do you want something else? (asks the salesperson)
Dazu musst krftig drcken. In order to manage that, you must push forcefully.
(e.g. in order to open this door)
Er sagte Hallo!, worauf sie lachte. He said hello!, at which she laughed.
Woraus ist diese Tasse? What is the cup made of?
Worunter leidet er? What is he suffering from?
Worber mchtest du reden? What do you want to talk about?


Other prepositions cannot be handled like this:

Prposition Frage Antwort
mittels by means of womit?, (mittels was?) damit
kraft by virtue of kraft welcher Sache? kraft dieser/jener Sache
zwecks purpose zu welchem Zweck? zu diesem/jenem Zweck
gegenber (opposite) wo gegenber? hier/da gegenber
innerhalb (within) innerhalb von was? innerhalb dieser Sache
whrend (while) wann?, whrend welcher Ereignisse? whrenddessen, gleichzeitig
nach; zu (direction) wohin? hierhin, dahin


wo-, hier-, da-, dort- can also be connected to hin- and her-words:


wohin? whereto? ----------
dahin / dorthin thither, to that place
woher? where from? hierher hither, this way
daher / dorther from there, therefrom

wohinein? into what? hierhinein in here, dahinein/dorthinein in there
woheraus? out of what? hierheraus, daheraus/dortheraus

etc.


Wohin gehst du? Where do you go?
Woher kommst du? where do you come from?
Wohinein gehst? where do you go in?