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U n i v e r s i t i
M a l a y s i a
P A H A N G
En gi n e e r i n g Te chn ol ogy Cr e a t i v i t y
FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING & EARTH RESOURCES
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE
: CIVIL ENGINEERING MATERIALS
COURSE CODE: BAA1312
LECTURER: DR. ANDRI KUSBIANTORO
DATE: 10 JANUARY 2013
DURATION: 2 HOURS
SESSION/SEMESTER: SESSION 2012/2013 SEMESTER I
PROGRAMME CODE : BAAIBAE
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATE:
1.
This question paper consists of FOUR (4) questions. Answer all questions.
2. Answer to a new question should start on a new page.
3.
Candidates are not allowed to bring any material other than those allowed by the
invigilator into the examination room.
DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO
This examination paper consists of SIX (6) printed pages including front page.
CONFIDENTIAL

BAAIBAE/1213I/BAA 1312
QUESTION 1
(a) A concrete mixture containing Ordinary Portland Cement; 420
kg/M3
and water-to-
cement ratio; 0.45 produces fresh concrete with slump value of 100 mm. If rice husk ash
(R}{A) is incorporated in the mixture design to replace 20% of the cement content
(assume that at 20% replacement level of OPC with RHA, it increases water requirement
by 20%), determine the water content, water-to-cement ratio, and water-to-binder ratio
for the concrete mixture to give constant workability (100 mm slump).
(10 marks)
(b)
If the initial water/binder of 0.45 as in Question 1(a) is maintained for the concrete
containing 20% rice husk ash, describe the expected effect on the concrete workability.
(5 marks)
(c)
Explain briefly the following terms and their potential influence to the concrete's
strength and durability
(i) Segregation
(ii) Bleeding
(iii)Permeability
(iv) Silica Fume
(v) Alkali-Silica-Reaction
(10 marks)
2
CONFIDENTIAL

BAAJBAE/121311BAA1312
QUESTION 2
Based on the particle size distribution chart and gradation envelope requirement from ASTM,
determine a suitable well-graded aggregate type for a concrete mixture. (Complete
Calculation Table and Particle Size Distribution Chart must be included)
Table 1. Results of Sieve Analysis
Aggregate Sieve Aperture Weight of Weight of Sieve and
Type (mm) Sieve (gr) Material (gr)
40.0 587 587
37.5 562 652
26.5 553 778
19.0 548 1133
Type A 13.2 530 3545
9.5 519 879
4.8 517 652
2.4 504 549
Pan 362 407
40.0 587 587
37.5 562 1687
26.5 553 1993
19.0 548 1223
Type B
13.2 530 1070
9.5 519 879
4.8 517 787
2.4 504 549
Pan 362 407
40.0 587 587
37.5 562 922
26.5 553 1453
19.0 548 1178
Type C
13.2 530 1430
9.5 519 1239
4.8 517 1327
2.4 504 639
Pan 362 407
Total aggregate tested in each type = 4500 gr
Table 2. ASTM Percentage Passing Criteria
SievePercentage (%) Passing
ApertureASTM Upper LimitASTM Lower Limit
40.010095
19.07035
9.53010
4.8 50
(25 marks)
3
CONFIDENTIAL
BAA/BAE/1213IIBAA 1312
QUESTION 3
(a) Based on the theory you have learned, explain why high slump concrete is not
recommended for a structure that is continuously exposed to the external load on its
surface, for example, concrete pavement for highway.
(5 marks)
(b) Describe three reasons why cement grout/paste alone should not replace concrete in a
normal structure.
(6 marks)
(c) Explain three types of clay that are commonly used in the manufacture of clay brick.
(3 marks)
(d) Explain the importance of seasoning process in timber/wood material and describe two
common methods that can be carried out.
(5 marks)
(e) With the aid of proper sketches, explain the origin of efflorescence in masonry structure
and also the method to prevent it
(6 marks)
4
CONFIDENTIAL

BAAIBAE/12131/BAA1312
QUESTION 4
(a) "Spalling" is one type of reinforced concrete failure caused by the steel corrosion.
Explain the mechanism of corrosion in steel and how it affects the "spalling" process.
(8 marks)
(b) With the aid of proper sketch, show typical reinforcing details in reinforced concrete slab
(3 marks)
(c) Explain the behavior of bonds in the presence of rust on:
i. Plain round bar
ii. Deformed bar
(8 marks)
(d) Explain the contribution of elasticity and ductility characteristics to the steel
performance
(6 marks)
END OF QUESTION PAPER
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