BIOLOGY & GEOLOGY

3 E.S.O.

UNIT 1: THE ORGANIZATION OF HUMAN BODY

ACTIVITIES
1. Answer the questions.
a) Are all human cells the same size and shape?

b) Describe the basic structure that all human cells share.

2. Look at the diagram. Write the name of each part. Now listen and check.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
3. Copy and complete the table in your notebook:
ORGANELLES
CHARACTERISTICS
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.

FUNCTIONS

Mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
Vacuoles
Ribosomes
Smoot Endoplasmic reticulum
Lysosomes
Rough Endoplasmic reticulum
Cytosol
Cytoskeleton
Plasma membrane
Centrioles
Nucleus

4. Choose the correct word:

The human body is composed of material/chemical substances called biomolecules/elements.
These form tissue/cells, which are the basic unit of all organisms and perform
three/thirteen vital functions: nutrition, interaction and reproduction. The human body is
therefore a single-celled/multicellular organism.
5. In your own words, write a definition of the following words.

a) heterotrophic
b) multicellular
c) eukaryote
6. What are the main differences between mitosis and meiosis processes?
7. In your exercise book, write one sentence that contains and links the words below.
Cells
tissues
organs
systems
8. In your exercise book, write the names of the most important tissues in the following
organs:
a) bone
b) skin
c) gland
d) heart
9. Name the main characteristics all stem cells have.
10. Can new tissues be formed from umbilical cord stem cells? Why?
REVISION ACTIVITIES UNIT 1
1. Unlike the cells of prokaryotes (such as bacteria), the cells of eukaryotes have many
'compartments' (organelles) separated by membranes. Why is this important?
2. Cell theory states that the cell is the basic unit in all organisms. Complete the
summary below with the words from the boxes.

come from

cells

divisions

All living things are made up of____________

unit in living things.

functional

zygote

. A cell is the structural and ___________

Cells can only _____________ other cells. All human cells come from successive
______________of a single, fertilised egg cell called the ______________
3. Answer the following questions in your exercise book.
a) Why is the excretory system included in our body's nutritional function?
b) Which system is responsible for coordinating all the organs in the body?
c) What would happen if our sensory organs did not exist?
d) What is the function of the endocrine system?
4. Which tissue and which organs or systems correspond to the following functions?
Write the answers in your exercise book.
a) protecting and covering the body
b) coordinating and regulating our functions
c) the protection of internal cavities
d) hormone production
e) supporting the body

5. Copy and complete the sentences in your exercise book with the verbs in the boxes.
Some of the verbs may be used more than once.
contain
deliver
destroy
produce
store
synthesize

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)

Mitochondria _________ energy through cell respiration

Lysosomes __________ digestive enzyme:
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum _________ toxic substances.
Ribosomes ____________ proteins.
Centrioles _________ genetic material through cell division.
The rough endoplasmic reticulum__________ and
______________proteins.

6. Complete the following diagram. It will help you to study the last part of Unit 1.

1. EPITHELIAL
TISUES

2. MUCOSA

CHARACTERISTICS:
CHARACTERISTICS:

CHARACTERISTICS:

FUNCTIONS:

FUNCTIONS:

a. Endocrine
glands

FUNCTIONS:

3. CONNECTIVE
TISSUES

CHARACTERISTICS:

CHARACTERISTICS:

CHARACTERISTICS:

CHARACTERISTICS:

FUNCTIONS:

FUNCTIONS:

FUNCTIONS:

FUNCTIONS:

a. Compact
bone

a. Compact
bone

4. MUSCULAR
TISSUE

CHARACTERISTICS:

FUNCTIONS:
CHARACTERISTICS:

a. Cardiac FUNCTIONS:

5. NERVOUS
TISSUE