A Project Report On

AWARENESS ABOUT THE USES OF E-COMMERCE

PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY JALANDHAR

In the partial fulfilment of the degree requirement towards the

BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINITRATION (BBA)

CT INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT

Submitted To:
Miss Kritika Goel
(Asst. Prof. of CTIMIT)
Submitted By:
Rafay Saifi

INDEX
S.NO

TOPIC

PAGE
NO

GUIDE CERTIFICATE
I
II

PREFACE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

II
DECLARATION
III
IV

CERTIFICATE OF TRAINING COMPLECTION

CHAPTER

TOPIC

PAGE
NO

INTODUCTION
1.1 About Training Project
1.2. Objective

12
19

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
2.1.Step and method
2.2.Research methodology
DATA ANALYIS AND FINDINGS

31-33
31-32
32-33
34-40

FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS

4.1 FINDINGS
4.2.LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

41-42
41-41
42-42

CONCLUSION

43-43

6
7

BIBLIOGRAPHY
ANNEXURE

44-44
45-46

GUIDES CERTIFICATE

I have the pleasure to certify that MOHAMMAD RAFAY student of CTIMIT,

JALANDHAR has prepared the Research Project Awareness about use of Ecommerce Under my supervision and guidance. The presented report is the result
of his own research to the best of my knowledge this is being submitted to the
institute for partial fulfilment of the requirement of the CTIMIT, JALANDHAR

DATE:_________________

Guide name and signature

Mr./ Mrs.___________________

PREFACE
Without practical training, management education is meaningless so long with the
theory; practical training is provided to management students to expose them to the actual
working environment of any organization. Such training provides a framework of knowledge
relating to the concepts and practices of the assigned topics in the organization. The summer
training is an integral part of the course curriculum of bachelor of Business Administration
(BBA). In this, the student is in the position to analyze the integral working of an organization
with mature eyes and understand the dynamics in a much better manner.
The most motivating aspect associated with pursuing a course in management or business studies
is the dynamism associated with it. Dynamism of adding a new perspective to ones personality
and vision by accumulating wider knowledge, developing analytical skills not only by traditional
ways of teaching and learning but by observing things at work. The project is an opportunity to
see the application part of what we study or learn in classrooms. Management is that function of
an enterprise that concerns itself with the direction and control of the various activities to attain
business objectives. It is the science and art of preparing, organizing and directing human efforts
to control the force and utilize the materials of nature for the benefits of men. In fact, the
management thereby provides the scientific technique to deal with the various problems in the
areas of management and the manager mixes some art to it and tries to shorten the gap of
ignorance. It provides a chain of solution to critical problems of manager.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I wish to thank my research advisor, Miss Kritika Goel, help and patience as I
completed this project. I truly appreciate her passion for research and motivation to
guide her students in the best possible ways, which cannot be described in words. I
would also like to thank TEACHER his patience, insightful thoughts, and
constructive criticism, which have immensely motivated me to progress through
this project. In addition, I would like to thank my friends and family for their
constant support in my educational pursuits, especially my parents for their support
and confidence they have shown towards my professional development. I could not
have made it this far without each one of you

STUDENT DECLARATION

10

CHAPTER
1

11

1.1. ABOUT THE TRAINING PROJECT

E-COMMERCE
Electronic commerce, commonly known as E-commerce is trading in products or
services using computer networks, such as the Internet. Electronic commerce
draws on technologies such as mobile commerce, electronic funds transfer, supply
chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic
data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data
collection systems. Modern electronic commerce typically uses the World Wide
Web for at least one part of the transaction's life cycle, although it may also use
other technologies such as e-mail.
E-commerce businesses usually employ some or all of the following practices:

Provide Retail or "virtual storefronts" on websites with online catalogs,

sometimes gathered into a "virtual mall".
Buy or sell on websites or online marketplaces.
Gather and use demographic data through web contacts and social media.
Use electronic data interchange, the business-to-business exchange of data.
Reach prospective and established customers by E-mail or fax (for example,
with newsletters).
Use business-to-business buying and selling.
Provide secure business transactions.

12

TYPES OF E-COMMERCE
Various types of E-commerce platforms fall into several industry classifications
based upon their licensing model, sales scenario and data exchange.

1 Types of licensing models

o 1.1 On Premise E-commerce
o 1.2 Software as a service (SaaS) E-commerce
o 1.3 Open source E-commerce
2 Sales scenario
o 2.1 Business-to-Consumer (B2C)
o 2.2 Business-to-Business (B2B)
o 2.3 Consumer-to-Business (C2B)
o 2.4 Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C)
3 Types of data exchange
o 3.1 Integrated E-commerce

TYPES OF LICENSING MODELS

On Premise E-commerce
On-premise E-commerce software usually requires initial one time purchase
investment in terms of licensing fees. Also, it implies extra costs related to
hardware and installation services as well as data migration and on-going
maintenance fees that are usually charged on a yearly basis for software updates
and support. Two examples of typical on premise E-commerce platforms are
Hybris (company)and Sana Commerce.
Advantages:
1. Easily customizable;
2. Data security;
3. High performance;
Disadvantages:
1. Large initial investment;
2. Self-maintenance;
3. Scalability issues;

13

Software as a service (SaaS) E-commerce

Software as a Service (SaaS)- is a cloud based delivery model in which
applications are hosted and managed in a service provider's datacenter, paid for on
a subscription basis and accessed via a browser over an internet connection. Two
examples of typical SaaS E-commerce solutions are Shopifyand Demandware.
Advantages:
1. Affordable low-cost solution;
2. Hosted/upgraded by E-commerce provider;
3. Easily scalable
Disadvantages:
1. Limited integration with back-end systems;
2. Lack of data security;
3. Limited control over the system;
Open source E-commerce
Open source e-Commerce is a free of charge platform that doesnt imply licenses
fee. Furthermore, open source users are also responsible for installing, maintaining,
securing and configuring the software on their own servers. In order to set up an
open source platform, basic technical expertise is required in the areas of web
design and development. Software products that are distributed as open source are
generally free, and users can access and modify the source code. Three examples
of typical open source E-commerce platforms are PrestaShop and osCommerce,
Magentoand Thelia.
Advantages:
1. Free of charge system;
2. Wide variety of available addons/plugins/extensions;
3. Better flexibility with a customizable source code;
Disadvantages:
1. More technical knowledge required;
2. Performance depends on hosting costs
3. No standard integration with back-end system;
14

SALES SCENARIO
There are multiple types of sales scenario that eCommerce system can combine
depending on a companys sales approach towards their customers.
Business-to-Consumer (B2C)
In a Business-to-Consumer E-commerce environment, companies sell their online
goods to consumers who are the end users of their products or services. Usually,
B2C E-commerce web shops have an open access for any visitor, meaning that
there is no need for a person to login in order to make any product related inquiry.
Business-to-Business (B2B)
In a Business-to-Business E-commerce environment, companies sell their online
goods to other companies without being engaged in sales to consumers. In most
B2B E-commerce environments entering the web shop will require a log in. B2B
web shop usually contains customer-specific pricing, customer-specific
assortments and customer-specific discounts.
Consumer-to-Business (C2B)
In a Consumer-to-Business E-commerce environment, consumers usually post
their products or services online on which companies can post their bids. A
consumer reviews the bids and selects the company that meets his price
expectations.
Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C)
In a Consumer-to-Consumer E-commerce environment consumers sell their online
goods to other consumers. A well-known example is eBay

15

TYPES OF DATA EXCHANGES

Many E-commerce software retrieve the information from a certain back-end
system, such as an Enterprise resource planning (ERP) or Customer relationship
management (CRM) system. This information is stored in the database of that
system. The Business logic contains all of the business rules that define the way
data is stored, created, displayed, calculated and is being recreated inside an ERP
or CRM system. For example: different product discounts are applied for different
customer accounts. In order to retrieve the information, two types of data exchange
are taken into account.

In integrated E-commerce, a part of the software solution is installed inside the

back-end system. This means that the connection between the business logic and
database of a back-end system is configured automatically. Information that is
available in the back-end system is being re-used and displayed in the front/back
end of the E-commerce system. An integrated E-commerce software product thus
doesnt require to invest in recreating a separate database or business logic.
Instead, it re-uses those of the back-end system. Integrated E-commerce software is
mostly used in a B2B and B2C scenario. A typical example of an integrated Ecommerce software is Sana Commerce.

16

Interfaced E-commerce
In interfaced E-commerce, the software solution is installed on top of the back-end
system. This means that the connection between the business logic and database of
a back-end system is setup manually. Information that is available in the back-end
system is being duplicated into the E-commerce software. An interfaced Ecommerce software product thus has their owndatabase and business logic that are
being synchronized constantly through a connection to a certain back-end system.
Interfaced E-commerce is mostly used in a B2C scenario. An example of an
interfacing E-commerce software is Magento
E-COMMERCE CREDIT CARD PAYMENT SYSTEM
Electronic commerce, commonly known as e-commerce or e-commerce, or ebusiness consists of the buying and selling of products or services over electronic
systems such as the Internet and other computer networks. The amount of trade
conducted electronically has grown extraordinarily with widespread Internet usage.
The use of commerce is conducted in this way, spurring and drawing on
innovations in electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet
marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI),
inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems. Modern
electronic commerce typically uses the World Wide Web at least at some point in
the transaction's lifecycle, although it can encompass a wider range of technologies
such as e-mail as well.
A large percentage of electronic commerce is conducted entirely electronically for
virtual items such as access to premium content on a website, but most electronic
commerce involves the transportation of physical items in some way. Online
retailers are sometimes known as e-tailers and online retail is sometimes known as
e-tail. Almost all big retailers have electronic commerce presence on the World
Wide Web.
Electronic commerce that is conducted between businesses is referred to as
business-to-business or B2B. B2B can be open to all interested parties (e.g.
commodity market) or limited to specific, pre-qualified participants (private
electronic market). Electronic commerce that is conducted between businesses and
consumers, on the other hand, is referred to as business-to-consumer or B2C. This
is the type of electronic commerce conducted by companies such as Amazon.com.
Online shopping is a form of electronic commerce where the buyer is connected
17

directly online to the seller's computer usually via the Internet. There is no specific
intermediary service. The sale and purchase transaction is completed electronically
and interactively in real-time, such as when buying a new book on Amazon.com. If
an intermediary is present, then the sale and purchase transaction is called
consumer-to-consumer, such as an online auction conducted on eBay.com.
This payment system has been widely accepted by consumers and merchants
throughout the world, and is by far the most popular method of payments
especially in the retail markets.Some of the most important advantages over the
traditional modes of payment are: privacy, integrity, compatibility, good
transaction efficiency, acceptability, convenience, mobility, low financial risk and
anonymity.
This flow of ecommerce payment system can be better understood from the flow of
the system below.

18

Figure: Online Credit Card (VISA) Transaction Proces

19

BUSINESS APPLICATIONS
An example of an automated online assistant on a merchandising website.
Some common applications related to electronic commerce are:

Document automation in supply chain and logistics

Domestic and international payment systems
Enterprise content management
Group buying
Automated online assistant
Newsgroups
Online shopping and order tracking
Online banking
Online office suites
Shopping cart software
Teleconferencing
Electronic tickets
Social networking
Instant messaging

FORMS OF E-COMMERCE
Contemporary electronic commerce involves everything from ordering "digital"
content for immediate online consumption, to ordering conventional goods and
services, to "meta" services to facilitate other types of electronic commerce.
On the institutional level, big corporations and financial institutions use the
internet to exchange financial data to facilitate domestic and international business.
Data integrity and security are very hot and pressing issues for electronic
commerce.
Aside from traditional e-Commerce, m-Commerce as well as the nascent tCommerce channels are often seen as the current 2013 poster children of electronic
E-Commerce.

20

IMPACT ON MARKETS AND RETAILERS

Economists have theorized that e-commerce ought to lead to intensified price
competition, as it increases consumers' ability to gather information about products
and prices. Research by four economists at the University of Chicago has found
that the growth of online shopping has also affected industry structure in two areas
that have seen significant growth in e-commerce, bookshops and travel agencies.
Generally, larger firms are able to use economies of scale and offer lower prices.
The lone exception to this pattern has been the very smallest category of
bookseller, shops with between one and four employees, which appear to have
withstood the trend.
Individual or business involved in e-commerce whether buyers or sellers rely on
Internet-based technology in order to accomplish their transactions. E-commerce is
recognized for its ability to allow business to communicate and to form transaction
anytime and anyplace.Whether an individual is in the US or overseas, business can
be conducted through the internet. The power of e-commerce allows geophysical
barriers to disappear, making all consumers and businesses on earth potential
customers and suppliers. eBay is a good example of e-commerce business
individuals and businesses are able to post their items and sell them around the
Globe

GOVERNMENTAL REGULATION
Some electronic commerce activities are regulated by the Federal Trade
Commission (FTC). These activities include the use of commercial e-mails, online
advertising and consumer privacy. The CAN-SPAM Act of 2003 establishes
national standards for direct marketing over e-mail. The Federal Trade
Commission Act regulates all forms of advertising, including online advertising,
and states that advertising must be truthful and non-deceptive.Using its authority
under Section 5 of the FTC Act, which prohibits unfair or deceptive practices, the
FTC has brought a number of cases to enforce the promises in corporate privacy
statements, including promises about the security of consumers' personal
information.As result, any corporate privacy policy related to e-commerce activity
may be subject to enforcement by the FTC.
The Ryan Haight Online Pharmacy Consumer Protection Act of 2008, which came
into law in 2008, amends the Controlled Substances Act to address online
pharmacies.
21

There is also collaboration between Google and US federal authorities to block

illegal online pharmacies from appearing in Google search results. Recently FedEx
Corporation pleaded not guilty to charges made against it regarding dealing with
illegal online pharmacies.
Conflict of laws in cyberspace is a major hurdle for harmonisation of legal
framework for e-commerce around the world. In order to give a uniformity to ecommerce law around the world, many countries adopted the UNCITRAL Model
Law on Electronic Commerce (1996)
Internationally there is the International Consumer Protection and Enforcement
Network (ICPEN), which was formed in 1991 from an informal network of
government customer fair trade organisations. The purpose was stated as being to
find ways of co-operating on tackling consumer problems connected with crossborder transactions in both goods and services, and to help ensure exchanges of
information among the participants for mutual benefit and understanding. From
this came Econsumer.gov, an ICPEN initiative since April 2001. It is a portal to
report complaints about online and related transactions with foreign companies.
There is also Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) was established in 1989
with the vision of achieving stability, security and prosperity for the region through
free and open trade and investment. APEC has an Electronic Commerce Steering
Group as well as working on common privacy regulations throughout the APEC
region.
In Australia, Trade is covered under Australian Treasury Guidelines for electronic
commerce,and the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission regulates
and offers advice on how to deal with businesses online,and offers specific advice
on what happens if things go wrong.

DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS

E-commerce has grown in importance as companies have adopted pure-click and

brick-and-click channel systems. We can distinguish pure-click and brick-and-click
channel system adopted by companies.

Pure-click or pure-play companies are those that have launched a website

without any previous existence as a firm.
22

Bricks-and-clicks companies are those existing companies that have added

an online site for e-commerce.
Click-to-brick online retailers that later open physical locations to
supplement their online efforts

1.2.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

How many people know about the e-commerce.
Enhance customer service.
To satisfy the customer needs

23

CHAPTER 2

24

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
2.1. Steps and Methods
PTo meet its objectives, assignment requires an analytical approach that uses both
quantitative and qualitative tools for collection of primary and secondary data. The
design for assignment includes:
(i)
Systematic desk review of the available literature specific to districts in a
domain;
(ii) Quantitative data collection from ;
(iii) Field work; and
(iv) Analysis and report from assignment.

SECONDARY DATA COLLECTION

Secondary data was collected from direct , a view to supplement the
primary data.

PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION

assignment includes interactions with various people in stadium inside andeout
side and district level and collection of information pertaining to objectives of the
assignment. It includes qualitative methods of data collection, such as group
discussions, key informant and in-depth interviews, as well as observational visits.
Field work for primary data will be undertaken in all the domains/districts and the
information would be summarized in

ASSIGNMENT:
ANALYSIS AND COMPILATION
Following primary data collection, the assignment teams will analyze and compile
data to complete the assignment report and inform the feasibility of tata prima in
each of the domains where assignment was conducted. The collected qualitative
data will be triangulated and summarized in the assignment qualitative format for
each HRG and Migrants in the respective domain. Alongside, other components of
the ASSIGNMENT report will be compiled, completed and submitted. In-depth
25

analysis of the qualitative transcripts will be compiled over an extended period by

qualitative researchers; this would be used to triangulate with IBBS survey
findings for each domain.

2.2.RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research is undertaken within most professions. More than a set of skills, it is a
way of thinking: examining critically the various aspects of your professional
work. It is a habit of questioning what you do, and a systematic examination of the
observed information to find answers with a view to instituting appropriate
changes for a more effective professional service.

Method of Data Collection:

primary data:
The primary data was collected with the help of a unstructured,
Proper Schedule so as to get the maximum information from the Respondent.
Questionnaire: Questionnaire is a data collection instrument .it is a list of
questions to be asked form the respondents. Its als o contains a suitable space
where can be recorded.
Interview: Interview is a meaningful interviewer and interviewee. Interview is a
conversation between two or more people where question are asked by the
interviewer to obtain information form the interviewee.
Secondary data:
Secondary data was collected from direct , a view to supplement the primary data.
Universe: -It was taken as a sample size in Delhi.
Sample Size:- 50 respondents.
Sampling unit: Respondents (businessmen, service class professionals and
students.) in DELHI.

26

Sampling technique: Individuals were selected on the basis of convenience

sampling technique.

27

CHAPTER 3

28

Data analysis and- interpretation

1. Have you ever bought anything online?
Yes [ ]

NO [ ]

0% 0%

21%
YES
NO

79%

INTERPRETATION: According to this chart most of the persons bought

from online.

29

2. How many times in the last three months have you bought anything online?
One time [ ]

Two times [ ]

Three times [ ]

More than three times [ ]

15%

40%

one time
two times

20%

three times
more than three

25%

INTERPRETATION: According to this chart 40% people bought one time ,25%
people bought two times,20% people bought three times and 15% people bought
more then three times.

30

3..If you have bought something online .can you please tell me categories of goods
you have purchased online?
Yes [ ]

NO [ ]

30%

yes
no

70%

INTERPRETATION: According to this chart, 70% people are ready to told the categories of the
goods and remaining people does not.

31

4. Can you tell me categories of goods you have purchased online?

Books [ ]
Mobiles [ ]

Clothing [ ]
Others [ ]

Column1
15%

10%

Books
Clothing

20%

Moblies
others
55%

INTERPRETATION: According to this chart 10% people purchased books online, 55%
clothing, 20% mobiles and remaining others.

32

5. Which of these devices do you prefer?

I only use a computer [ ]

I only use a mobile [ ]

I use ether a computer or a mobile [ ]

20%

50%

only use computer

only use mobile
either computer or mobile

30%

INTERPRETATION: According to this chart, 50% people use computer, 30% use mobiles and
others use either computer or mobile.

33

6. If you choosen any one form this please tell me why?

Easy to operate [ ]
Convience[ ]

Fast accessable [ ]
Others [ ]

5%
15%
35%
east yo operate
fast accessable
convience
others

45%

INTERPRETATION: According to this chart, 35% people prefers because its easy
to operate, 45% because of its fast accessable, 15% because of its convience and
remaining are for others .

34

7. If we talk about payment, please tell me which mode of payment do you

prefer ?
Pay online [ ]

Cash on delivery [ ]

Pay at bank [ ]

Others [ ]

0%
5%
20%

pay online
cash on delivery
pay at bank
others

75%

INTERPRETATION: According to this chart, most of the people prefer cash on

delivery while purchasing the goods.

35

CHAPTER 4

36

FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS

FINDINGS
From the data collected above we can observe that the number of respondent in
usage of e commerce there is awareness about this concept in the market.
.
Most of the people buy one times from online
Most of people prefer computer to place an order.
Most of people prefer to buy clothing online.
People prefer computer because it is fast accessible.
There is lot of mode of delivery of goods like as Cash on delivery form an
important gateway in online transactions.

37

LIMITATIONS
Some of the persons were not responsive
Possibility of error in data collection because many of people may not have
given actual answer of my questionnaire
Some respondent were reluctant to divulge personal information which can
affect the validity of all response
The research is confine to certain part of Ludhiana
The sample may not represent the whole population
Sample size was limited

38

CHAPTER 5

39

CONCLUSION
On the behalf of this research, we know how to use the e-commerce. A
lot of people aware about it and they buy online products single or many
times. Through this research, we know that most of people prefer to pay
cash on delivery. There is lot of people use computers to place a order
because it is fast accessible.

40

CHAPTER 6

41

BIBLIOGRAPHY

WEB REFRENCES:
https://www.linkedin.com
www.ecommercetimes.com
www.networksolutions.com
BOOK REFERENCES
The economic of electronic commerce

42

CHAPTER 7

43

ANNEXURE

1. Have u ever bought anything online?

Yes [ ]

NO [ ]

2. How many times in the last three months have you bought anything online?
One time [ ]

Two times [ ]

Three times [ ]

More than three times [ ]

3 If you have bought something online .can you please tell me categories of
goods you have purchased online?
Yes [ ]

NO [ ]

4. Can you tell me categories of goods you have purchased online?

Books [ ]
Mobiles [ ]

Clothing [ ]
Others [ ]

5. Which of these devices do you prefer?

I only use a computer [ ]

I only use a mobile [ ]

I use ether a computer or a mobile [ ]

6. If you choosen any one form this please tell me why?

44

Easy to operate [ ]
Convience [ ]

Fast accessable [ ]
Others [ ]

7. If we talk about payment, please tell me which mode of payment do you

prefer ?
Pay online [ ]

Cash on delivery [ ]

Pay at bank [ ]

Others [ ]

45