Layer 7 : Application

Layer 6 : Presentation/Data

WLAN
Layer 5 : Session/Data

1 privat -> 1 public static

20/21:FTP, 22:SSH, 23:TELNET, 25:SMTP,
well-known
53:DNS, 80:HTTP, 110:POP3, 139:NETBIOS
n privat -> n public dynamic NAT
TCP
registered, 1024-49151
n privat -> 1 public dynamic overflow NAT & ACL Layer 4 : Transport/Segment Port
dynamic assign, 1024-65536
plg dekat tujuan, layer 3 standard
ACL 53:DNS, 67/68:DHCP, 69:TFTP, 161:SNMP,
UDP
520:RIP, 1812/1813: RADIUS
plg dekat sumber, layer 4 extended

IPv4 32 bit, 4 oktat desimal

public
IP Address
Layer 3 : Network/Packet IPv6 128 bit, 8 segmen hexa
privat ver 4

Device: Router
subnet

48 bit, 6 segmen hexadesimal, changeable in

kapasitas alamat MAC Address
router

kecepatan Layer 2 : Data Link/Frame

Device: Switch, Hub, Bridge

mobility kelebihan dr ver 4

OSI Layer VLAN (khusus Cisco)
IP Address Scheme
QoS
CrossOver/Trunk same device/host

end to end security ver 6

Ethernet Straight-Through differ device

MACtoIPv6
RollOver console
Wire
subnet
Fiber Optic

autoconfig
Coaxial

transision process
Serial

Static, AD=1
Layer 1 : Physical/Bit 802.11a 54 Mbps, 5.3 GHz

no subnet,VLSM,CIDR ver 1
Networking BASIC 802.11b 11 Mbps, 2.4 GHz

DV, refresh full RT ver 2 RIP, AD=120

Wifi 802.11g 54 Mbps, 2.4 GHz
IGP
IPv6 RIPng Dynamic
Wireless 802.11n 100 Mbps, 2.4 GHz

LS, refresh when RT change OSPF, AD=110

11 channel BW @ 5 MHz

DUAL, LS/DV, refresh newest RT EIGRP, AD=90

Routing 802.16d
WIMAX
DV, isolasi AS BGP EGP
802.16e

mengurangi info routing yg salah apabila ada

Split Horizon Hub 1 collision 1 broadcast
route putus
IOS

Switch 'n port' collision 'm VLAN' broadcast

update distance unreachable (metric 16) Poison Reverse
Metode RAM running conf, routing table, fast switching

Bridge connect 2 defferent network

update yg langsung dikirim kl ada perub RT Triggered update
Flash image IOS

Devices connect different networks

memberi waktu tunggu suatu route yg putus Holddown Timer
Router Cisco Router/Switch Memory NVRAM startup configuration

find best routing

T1, T3, E1, E3 Leased Line
ROM bootstrap, POST

modem analog loop

ISDN Circuit Switching
TFTP Server
WAN
CSU/DSU digital loop
Frame Relay, X25 Packet Switching
Interface

ARP Table MAC table

ATM, MPLS Cell Switching

ICMP error checking, ping, destination unreachable

Authentication Header

TCP/IP 3 way handshake

Pre-Shared Key symmetric
IPS (Prevention)
CDP (khusus Cisco)
Public Key Encryption ESP Network Security
asymmetric
Protocol PPP PAP/CHAP
Digital Signature

STP maintain loop free in layer 2

IDS (Detection)

server create
VLAN-Interswitch

VTP client accept

transparent passthrough