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UNITED NATIONS
This report is based on a master set of data that has been compiled by an Inter-Agency and Expert
Group on MDG Indicators led by the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations
Secretariat, in response to the wishes of the General Assembly for periodic assessment of progress
towards the MDGs. The Group comprises representatives of the international organizations whose
activities include the preparation of one or more of the series of statistical indicators that were identified as
appropriate for monitoring progress towards the MDGs, as reflected in the list below. A number of national
statisticians and outside expert advisers also contributed.
Cover Inside
AND THE CARIBBEAN
ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR LATIN AMERICA
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION
INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION
INTERNATIONAL TRADE CENTRE
INTER-PARLIAMENTARY UNION
JOINT UNITED NATIONS PROGRAMME ON HIV/AIDS
ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT
SECRETARIAT OF THE PACIFIC COMMUNITY
THE WORLD BANK
UNITED NATIONS CHILDRENS FUND
UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT
UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION
UNITED NATIONS ENTITY FOR GENDER EQUALITY AND THE EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN - UN WOMEN
UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME
UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE
UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES
UNITED NATIONS HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PROGRAMME
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
asdf
United Nations
New York, 2014
Foreword |3
Foreword
At the turn of the century, world leaders came together
at the United Nations and agreed on a bold vision for
the future through the Millennium Declaration. The
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were a pledge
to uphold the principles of human dignity, equality and
equity, and free the world from extreme poverty. The
MDGs, with eight goals and a set of measurable timebound targets, established a blueprint for tackling the
most pressing development challenges of our time.
This report examines the latest progress towards
achieving the MDGs. It reaffirms that the MDGs
have made a profound difference in peoples lives.
Global poverty has been halved five years ahead of
the 2015 timeframe. Ninety per cent of children in
developing regions now enjoy primary education, and
disparities between boys and girls in enrolment have
narrowed. Remarkable gains have also been made in
the fight against malaria and tuberculosis, along with
improvements in all health indicators. The likelihood of
a child dying before age five has been nearly cut in half
over the last two decades. That means that about 17,000
children are saved every day. We also met the target
of halving the proportion of people who lack access to
improved sources of water.
Ban Ki-moon
Secretary-General, United Nations
Overview
Fourteen years ago, the Millennium Declaration
articulated a bold vision and established concrete targets
for improving the existence of many and for saving the
lives of those threatened by disease and hunger. There
has been important progress across all goals, with some
targets already having been met well ahead of the 2015
deadline. All stakeholders will have to intensify and focus
their efforts on the areas where advancement has been
too slow and has not reached all.
Overview |5
Wu Hongbo
Under-Secretary-General for Economic
and Social Affairs
Target 1.A
Goal 1
Eradicate
extreme
poverty and
hunger
Quick facts
XX About one in five persons in
developing regions lives on less
than $1.25 per day.
XX Vulnerable employment
accounted for 56 per cent of
all employment in developing
regions, compared to 10 per cent
in developed regions.
XX About 173 million fewer people
worldwide suffered from chronic
hunger in 20112013 than in
19901992.
12
Latin America and the Caribbean
12
6
Caucasus and Central Asia
10
4
Western Asia
5
4
Northern Africa
5
1
Developing regions (excluding China)
41
26
Developing regions
47
22
World
36
18
0
20
1990
40
2010
60
80
100
2015 target
Note: Available country data are not sufficient to calculate the aggregate values for Oceania.
32.9%
India
China
35.5%
12.8%
8.9%
4.6%
5.3%
Nigeria
Bangladesh
Congo, Democratic Republic
Other countries
32.9%
35.5%
4.6%
12.8%
8.9%
5.3%
India
32.9%
China
12.8%
Nigeria
8.9%
Bangladesh
5.3%
4.6%
35.5%
Target 1.B
Achieve full and productive employment and
decent work for all, including women and
young people
-0.5
Western Asia
-8.3
-1.2
Caucasus and Central Asia
-5.6
-1.8
South-Eastern Asia
-4.0
-2.4
Southern Asia
-2.4
-2.4
Oceania
-0.1
-2.7
Eastern Asia
-5.5
-5.6
Developed regions
-0.5
-0.1
Developing regions
-4.0
-2.8
-10
-9
-8
-7
20032008
-6
-5
-4
20082013
-3
-2
-1
Western Asia
Western Asia
19
2.6
31
0.3
Northern Africa
1.5
32
0.8
Latin America and the Caribbean
2.3
0.9
Sub-Saharan Africa
Northern Africa
3.2
27
48
1.3
South-Eastern Asia
Eastern Asia
3.9
42
2.9
49
Oceania
South-Eastern Asia
1.6
56
3.1
63
Oceania
7.8
68
3.6
80
Southern Asia
Southern Asia
5.5
73
4.6
80
Eastern Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
9.4
70
7.2
85
Developed regions
1.4
Developed regions
11
0.8
Developing regions
Developing regions
5.6
54
4.0
60
0
0
20
Men
40
60
80
100
20032008
10
20082013
Women
Target 1.C
Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger
Sub-Saharan Africa
33
25
25
23.6
Southern Asia
22.2
20
26
17
19.7
18.7
Oceania
18.1
15
14
16.7
12
15.5
14.3
10
Eastern Asia
11.8
22
11
South-Eastern Asia
31
11
Western Asia
7
15
20
3
1
0
1
11
20
08
20
05
0
7
04
Prevalence of undernourishment
20
02
20
8
9
99
19
95
96
19
93
19
19
90
9
2
10
Latin America and the Caribbean
15
MDG target
8
Caucasus and Central Asia
14
7
Northern Africa
<5
<5
Developed regions
<5
<5
Developing regions
24
14
0
10
19901992
20
20112013
30
40
2015 target
50
16
Western Asia
14
6
Caucasus and Central Asia
12
5
Northern Africa
10
5
Eastern Asia
15
3
Latin America and the Caribbean
7
3
World
25
15
0
10
1990
20
2012
30
40
50
60
2015 target
40
40
36
33
30
29
25
26
23
25
21
18
20
16
15
10
Stunted
Underweight
12
10
20
20
05
20
00
20
95
19
19
90
32,000
35,000
30,000
10,900
12,500
13,000
14,200
22,200
5,000
7,900
10,800
11,400
15,000
15,800
20,000
10,000
23,300
25,000
13
12
20
11
20
10
20
09
20
20
08
07
20
06
20
05
20
04
20
20
03
20
Target 2.A
Goal 2
Achieve
universal
primary
education
Quick facts
XX Half of the 58 million out-ofschool children of primary school
age live in conflict-affected areas.
XX More than one in four children
in developing regions entering
primary school is likely to drop
out.
XX 781 million adults and 126 million
youth worldwide lack basic
literacy skills, and more than
60per cent of them are women.
94
94
South-Eastern Asia
93
93
94
Southern Asia
75
80
94
Caucasus and Central Asia
95
95
Eastern Asia
97
96
97
Northern Africa
80
90
99
Developed regions
96
97
96
Developing regions
80
83
90
0
20
1990
40
2000
60
80
100
2012
* Defined as the number of pupils of the official school age for primary education enrolled
either in primary or secondary school, expressed as a percentage of the total population
in that age group.
Note: 2000 data for Oceania not available.
1990 data for Caucasus and Central Asia not available.
80
60
40
20
0
Oceania
Sub-Saharan
Africa
1990
2000
Eastern
Asia
Caucasus Developing
and
regions
Central Asia
Developed
regions
2011
Note: 1990 data for Caucasus and Central Asia not available.
12
5,6
5,7
5,4
5,3
9
5,0
5,1
4,7
4,4
2,7
1,1
1,3
1,2
3,3
2,0
2,0
5,1
5,2
2,5
2,5
6,2
6,2
2,2
1,7
1,4
4,2
3,0
0
4,2
3,6
4,6
5,8
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Basic education
Secondary education
Post-secondary education
Target 3.A
Goal 3
Promote
gender
equality and
empower
women
0.83
0.92
0.89
Oceania
0.93
0.85
Western Asia
0.93
0.82
Northern Africa
0.96
0.99
0.97
South-Eastern Asia
0.96
0.99
1.01
0.99
0.91
Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
1.00
1.00
0.74
Developing regions
0.97
0.86
Secondary education
Quick facts
XX In Southern Asia, only 74 girls
were enrolled in primary school
for every 100 boys in 1990. By
2012, the enrolment ratios were
the same for girls as for boys.
XX In sub-Saharan Africa, Oceania
and Western Asia, girls still face
barriers to entering both primary
and secondary school.
XX Women in Northern Africa hold
less than one in five paid jobs in
the non-agricultural sector.
XX In 46 countries, women now hold
more than 30 per cent of seats
in national parliament in at least
one chamber.
Sub-Saharan Africa
0.76
0.84
0.87
0.86
Oceania
Western Asia
0.92
0.65
0.93
0.59
Southern Asia
Caucasus and Central Asia
0.98
0.77
Northern Africa
0.98
0.99
0.90
South-Eastern Asia
1.02
0.76
Eastern Asia
1.02
1.06
0.77
1.07
0.96
Tertiary education
Sub-Saharan Africa
0.52
0.64
0.49
Southern Asia
Western Asia
0.81
0.63
0.95
0.99
Northern Africa
1.08
1.12
0.65
0.92
South-Eastern Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
0.1
1990
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
1.12
0.97
0.69
Developing regions
0
1.07
0.49
0.6
0.7
1.28
0.99
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
2012
1.3
38
South-Eastern Asia
35
39
Eastern Asia
38
42
Latin America and the Caribbean
38
44
Caucasus and Central Asia
43
44
Developed regions
45
48
0
10
1990
20
30
40
50
2012
5
Men
10
15
20
25
Women
* Defined as the percentage of employed men and women that are willing
and available to work additional hours.
Oceania
4
3
Western Asia
4
12
Southern Asia
7
16
South-Eastern Asia
12
18
24
Latin America and the Caribbean
15
26
Developed regions
16
25
Developing regions
12
21
World
14
22
0
5
2000
10
15
20
25
30
2014
Target 4.A
Goal 4
Reduce child
mortality
Quick facts
30
Western Asia
65
25
Northern Africa
73
22
50
1990
2012
100
150
200
2015 target
100
90
Southern Asia
80
2,108
70
South-Eastern Asia
346
60
Eastern Asia
272
50
Latin America
and the Caribbean
206
Western Asia
120
Developed regions
90
Northern Africa
88
64
Oceania
15
40
30
20
10
0
1990
2000
2012
Total=6.6 million
Sub-Saharan Africa
3,245
Low income
166
82
Lower middle income
118
61
Upper middle income
54
20
High income
15
6
50
1990
100
150
200
2012
High-income countries had the lowest rates of underfive mortality on average, at six deaths per thousand
live births in 2012. Upper-middle-income countries were
the most successful in reducing under-five mortality
rates between 1990 and 2012, registering a 63 per cent
decrease over the period. Countries at all income levels
have been getting steadily better at saving childrens
lives. The annual rate of reduction in the under-five
mortality rate has accelerated since 1995 at all levels of
national income, except in high-income countries.
Low income need not be an impediment to saving
childrens lives, despite evidence of a link between a
67
71
Sub-Saharan Africa
52
72
Caribbean
77
76
Southern Asia
61
78
Western Asia
86
83
South-Eastern Asia
81
86
Latin America
95
96
Caucasus and Central Asia
93
94
Northern Africa
93
95
Eastern Asia
84
99
Developed regions
92
94
0
25
2000
50
75
100
2012
Target 5.A
Goal 5
Improve
maternal
health
510
990
Southern Asia
530
360
190
Oceania
190
390
290
Caribbean
300
230
190
Quick facts
South-Eastern Asia
320
140
220
Latin America
130
98
77
Western Asia
130
97
74
Northern Africa
160
110
69
Caucasus and Central Asia
70
65
39
Eastern Asia
95
63
33
Developing regions
430
230
370
World
380
210
0
200
1990
330
400
2000
600
2013
800
1000
2015 target
38
51
Sub-Saharan Africa
40
43
53
Caribbean
70
71
74
South-Eastern Asia
49
66
79
Western Asia
60
70
80
Northern Africa
47
69
83
97
98
Eastern Asia
94
97
100
Developing regions
56
57
68
World
57
58
69
0
20
1990
40
2000
60
80
2012
100
Target 5.B
Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health
Most pregnant women in developing regions see a skilled health provider at least once
only half of them get the recommended four antenatal checkups
Health care during pregnancy is essential to ensure
the normal, healthy evolution of the pregnancy and to
prevent, detect or predict potential complications during
the pregnancy or delivery. Good quality care must be
provided by skilled health personnel equipped to detect
potential complications and provide the necessary
attention or referral. The proportion of women in
developing regions who were attended at least once
during their pregnancy by skilled health-care personnel
increased from 65 per cent in 1990 to 83 per cent in
2012. In most developing regions, about 80 per cent of
pregnant women visited a skilled health-care provider at
least once, except in Southern Asia, where only 72 per
cent of women received this care.
The World Health Organization has recommended a
minimum of four antenatal care visits to ensure the
well-being of mothers and newborns. During these
visits, women should receiveat leasta minimum care
package, and be monitored for warning signs during
their pregnancy. Notwithstanding, only 52 per cent of
pregnant women had four or more antenatal care visits
during pregnancy in 2012, albeit an increase from 37
per cent in 1990. Clearly, women in developing regions
continue to face challenges in regular access to health
care during pregnancy. Substantial differences in access
to antenatal care are noticeable across regions. In the
Caribbean and South-Eastern Asia, 80 per cent of
48
48
50
Caribbean
59
66
80
South-Eastern Asia
45
69
80
Developing regions
37
44
52
0
20
1990
40
2000
60
80
2012
100
63
51
47
South-Eastern Asia
54
43
43
Caucasus and Central Asia
45
29
32
Northern Africa
42
32
32
Eastern Asia
15
6
6
Developed regions
34
26
21
Developing regions
64
56
54
0
20
1990
40
60
2000
80
100
2011
120
140
Contraceptive use has increased but gaps persist in meeting the demand for family planning
Proportion of women aged 1549, married or in union, who have a demand for family planning, who are using any method
of contraception, and who have an unmet need for family planning, 1990 and 2012 (Percentage)
100
90
11
80
70
14
60
25.1
28
37
26
20
21
27
30
10
22
24.6
50
40
12
63
58
57
39
19
22
43
63
18
4
84
78
17
13
16
73
14
63
61
56
48
44
12
17
52
49
28
13
0
1990 2012
1990 2012
1990 2012
1990 2012
1990 2012
1990 2012
Sub-Saharan
Africa
Oceania
Southern
Asia
Northern
Africa
Western
Asia
South-Eastern
Asia
Contraceptive prevalence
1990 2012
1990 2012
Caucasus Latin America
and
and the
Central Asia
Caribbean
1990 2012
1990 2012
Eastern
Asia
Developing
regions
Total demand for family planning = sum of contraceptive prevalence and unmet need for family planning
Goal 6
Combat
HIV/AIDS,
malaria and
other diseases
Target 6.A
Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of
HIV/AIDS
1.98
1.02
Central Africa*
0.63
0.29
Eastern Africa*
0.36
0.21
West Africa*
0.41
0.16
North Africa*
0.01
0.01
Quick facts
XX Almost 600 children died every
day of AIDS-related causes in
2012.
XX Antiretroviral medicines were
delivered to 9.5 million people in
developing regions in 2012.
Caribbean
0.12
0.05
South-Eastern Asia and Oceania
0.04
0.03
Latin America
0.03
0.03
Southern Asia
0.03
0.02
Western Asia
< 0.01
0.01
Eastern Asia
0.01
0.01
Developed regions
0.03
0.03
Developing regions
0.10
0.06
0.00
0.50
2001
1.00
1.50
2012
2.00
40
39
28
20
10
37
30
Comprehensive
knowledge of HIV
Women 1524
Condom use
at last higher-risk sex
Men 1524
Target 6.b
Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who need it
Antiretroviral therapy has saved 6.6 million lives since 1995 and expanding coverage can
save many more
Actual and projected number of people receiving
antiretroviral therapy, developing regions, 20032015
(Millions)
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
15
20
13
20
11
20
09
20
07
20
05
20
20
03
Sub-Saharan Africa
Projection
14%
30%
56%
On antiretroviral therapy
Not on antiretroviral therapy
Not eligible for antiretroviral therapy
Target 6.C
Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases
With more than three million lives saved in the past decade, the world is on track to
achieving the malaria target, but great challenges remain
Between 2000 and 2012, the substantial expansion
of malaria interventions led to a 42 per cent decline in
malaria mortality rates globally. New figures now show
that, during that time, an estimated 3.3 million deaths
were averted, far more than previously believed. About
90 per cent of those averted deaths3 millionwere
children under age five in sub-Saharan Africa, thereby
contributing substantially to the reduction in child
mortality. Although malaria surveillance systems in most
high-burden countries are weak, the latest trend analysis
did indicate that the world was on track to achieving its
MDG malaria target fully.
The fight against malaria requires sustained political
and financial commitment from both the international
community and affected countries, as an estimated
3.4 billion people are still at risk of infection. In 2012,
about 207 million cases of malaria occurred around the
world, and the disease killed about 627,000 people, 80
per cent of them children under age five. The disease
has remained concentrated in seventeen countries
where about 80 per cent of the worlds malaria deaths
occur. Two countriesthe Democratic Republic of the
Congo and Nigeriaaccount for 40 per cent of malaria
mortality worldwide.
Mosquito control interventionsincluding the
distribution of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) and
programmes to expand indoor residual sprayinghave
to be more widespread. Between 2004 and 2013, more
than 700 million bed nets were delivered to countries
in sub-Saharan Africa. However, only an estimated 36
per cent of the population living in malaria-risk areas in
sub-Saharan Africa were sleeping under an ITN in 2013.
Proportion of children under age five sleeping under insecticide-treated mosquito nets, selected countries, by regions,*
20102012 (Percentage)
100
80
77
70
72
71
60
57
56
50
40
36
38
41
43
47
45
30
20
21
16
10
Southern Africa
ria
ge
ra
r
Le
o
Ga ne
m
b
Gu Se ia
in ne
ea ga
C Biss l
a
te
d' u
Iv
oi
re
Bu Gh
rk ana
in
aF
as
o
La
To
o
Pe
go
op
Be
le
ni
's
n
De
m
oc Vie
ra
tic t Na
Re m
pu
bl
ic
Si
er
Ni
ge
Ni
l A C Cha
fri am d
ca er
n
o
Re on
Re
pu
pu
bl
bl
ic
ic
of
th
e
Co
Co ngo
m
o
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an
ite
d
d
Bu a
Re
ru
pu
nd
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bl
ic wa i
of
n
T da
M anz
ad an
ag ia
as
ca
r
Sw
az
ila
Za nd
m
b
M ia
al
aw
i
ra
tic
oc
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nt
ra
m
De
Eastern Africa
43
39
20
Central Africa
33
37
35 36
West Africa
South-Eastern Asia
* The composition of the subregions of Africa is shown on page 55 in the section on regional groupings.
The number of new cases and deaths from tuberculosis is falling, bringing the target
within reach
In 2012, there were an estimated 8.6 million additional
cases of tuberculosis and a total 11.0 million people
living with the disease. Globally, the number of new
tuberculosis cases per 100,000 people has continued to
fall, with a decline of about 2 per cent in 2012 compared
to 2011. If this trend is sustained, the MDG target
of halting the spread and reversing the incidence of
tuberculosis will be achieved. The rate of decline in the
incidence of tuberculosis has been very slow. Well over
2 billion people are estimated to have been infected by
mycobacterium tuberculosis in their past. The lack of an
effective strategysuch as a post-exposure vaccine to
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
12
10
20
08
20
20
06
02
04
20
20
00
20
98
20
96
19
94
19
92
19
19
19
90
Incidence trend
Range of estimates
Mortality trend
Range of estimates
Target
2
20
1
20
10
08
06
20
20
20
0
20
02
20
0
98
96
19
19
92
19
9
19
19
90
Goal 7
Ensure
environmental
sustainability
Target 7.A
Integrate the principles of sustainable development into
country policies and programmes and reverse the loss
of environmental resources
Quick facts
XX Global emissions of carbon
dioxide (CO2) have increased by
almost 50 per cent since 1990.
9.0
9.7
Southern Asia
1.0
2.8
2.9
Latin America and the Caribbean
1.0
1.7
1.8
Africa
0.7
1.2
1.2
Developed regions
14.9
13.6
13.3
Developing regions
6.7
17.8
18.9
World
21.6
31.4
32.2
5
1990
10
15
2010
20
25
30
35
2011
* Data for 2011 are preliminary estimates and the breakdown for some MDG
regions is not available.
1,000
800
600
400
200
92
19
94
19
96
19
98
20
00
20
02
20
04
20
06
20
08
20
10
20
12
90
19
86
19
1,200
19
Developed regions
Developing regions
Target 7.b
Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010,
asignificant reduction in the rate of loss
6.9
South-Eastern Asia
4.4
6.9
Northern Africa
80
9.4
Western Asia
54
Western Asia
3.7
14.4
14.7
50
Southern Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
48
Eastern Asia
20
15.2
Eastern Asia
South-Eastern Asia
8
Developed regions
9.1
12.3
Developed regions
7
14.0
Developing regions
7.8
Developing regions
10
10.5
13.8
World
9
World
20
13.9
20.3
Oceania
0.06
10
11.5
14.4
15.4
Sub-Saharan Africa
3
10.7
11.5
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
8.3
11.3
100
14.0
0.0
5.0
1990
10.0
2000
15.0
20.0
2012
25.0
Target 7.C
Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population
without sustainable access to safe drinking
water and basic sanitation
Southern Asia
72
91
Northern Africa
87
92
Eastern Asia
68
92
Latin America and the Caribbean
85
94
Developed regions
98
99
Developing regions
70
87
World
76
89
0
20
1990
40
2012
60
2015 target
80
100
Ca
uc
Su
O
bce
Sa
an
ha
as
ia
us
ra
n
an
A
d
fri
Ce
ca
So
nt
ra
ut
lA
hEa
sia
st
er
n
As
So
ia
ut
he
rn
A
W
sia
es
te
rn
La
As
Ea
tin
ia
st
Am
er
No
n
er
A
ica
rth
sia
er
an
n
d
A
th
fri
e
ca
Ca
De
rib
ve
be
lo
an
pe
d
re
gi
on
s
Surface water
Unimproved sources
Improved, faecally contaminated
Improved, no faecal indicator bacteria
Note: Estimates based on a systematic analysis of 345 studies
containing information on drinking water quality.
1.0
6
5
4
3
1.2
1.3
1.0
0.8
0.8
4.5
1.1
0.5
0.3
2.6
2
1
2000
3.4
0
1990
2012
Open defecation
Unimproved
Shared
Improved
Target 7.D
By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers
Although the MDG target has been met, the number of people living in slum conditions
isgrowing
Slums are characterized by the absence of basic
services, such as improved drinking water and adequate
sanitation, along with insecure tenure, non-durable
housing and overcrowding. Between 2000 and 2012,
more than 200 million slum dwellers gained access to
either improved water, improved sanitation, durable
housing or less crowded housing conditions. By 2012,
nearly 33 per cent of urban residents in developing
regions still lived in slums. Twelve years earlier, in 2000,
practically 40 per cent of urban residents in developing
regions had been in that situation.
Despite these advances, the number of slum dwellers
has continued to grow, due, in part, to the fast pace of
urbanization. The number of urban residents living in
slum conditions was estimated at 863 million in 2012,
compared to 760 million in 2000, and 650 million in
1990. The proportion of people living in slum conditions
in urban areas was particularly high in sub-Saharan
Africa (62 per cent) and, to a lesser extent, in Southern
Asia (35 per cent), compared to 24 per cent in Latin
America and the Caribbean, and 13 per cent in North
Africa. More efforts are needed to improve the lives
of the urban poor across the developing world, and to
reverse the trend whereby the number of people living in
slum conditions is increasing.
Percentage
50.0
46.2
712
600
863
42.9
800
39.3
760
794
35.6
650
803
34.3
820
32.6
32.7
40.0
30.0
400
20.0
200
10.0
0
1990
1995
2000 2005
2007
2010
2012
Proportion of land allocated to streets in selected cities in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean,
city core and suburban areas, 2013 (Percentage)
30
25
25
24
22
20
19
15
15
14
13
10
16
15
15
13
10
6
4
3
15
13
8
5
15
17
12
11
10
15
17
8
7
City core
Suburban areas
To
w
e
Bo
go
t
Ca
p
ar
a
aj
al
Gu
ad
ilia
ca
Be
ijin
Br
as
an
bl
gk
ok
sa
Ca
ur
g
Ba
n
es
b
ila
Pa
z
Jo
ha
nn
La
an
a
M
ko
t
Ko
l
Ab
uj
a
Ac
cr
a
Na
iro
bi
Al
ex
an
Gu
dr
at
ia
em
al
a
Ci
ty
Da
ka
r
Sa
la
am
ak
a
Dh
es
Da
r
Ba
ng
ui
Goal 8
Develop
a global
partnership for
development
120
100
80
60
40
20
Humanitarian aid
12
ar 20
y) 13
20
in
im
10
20
08
20
06
20
04
20
02
20
(P
re
l
20
Quick facts
00
Multilateral ODA
Bilateral development projects, programmes and technical cooperation
Total ODA
ar 20
y) 13
10
in
im
05
20
00
20
(P
re
l
ODA to LDCs
20
95
0.00
19
In 20112012, out of a total of $98.8 billion of sectorallocable aid, aid worth $23.5 billion was focused on the
achievement of the Goal of gender equality and womens
empowerment.
90
19
Target 8.A
Develop further an open, rule-based,
predictable, non-discriminatory trading and
financial system
85
80
75
70
65
0
60
55
Agricultural
goods
Textiles
Other goods
12
08
20
04
20
00
20
19
96
50
Clothing
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Clothing
1996
Agricultural
goods
2000
Textiles
2004
Other goods
2012
Note: Based on a fixed 19992001 export structure. The 2012 spike in average
tariffs for LDC clothing products is due to higher United States imports
from Asian LDCs and not to a change in nominal tariffs.
12.0
12.0
10.0
7.8 7.8
8.0
6.8
6.0
4.1
4.0
3.6 3.8
2.0
12
20
10
20
08
20
06
20
04
20
20
02
0.0
00
Target 8.D
20
Note: Data only cover the developing countries that report to the World Bank
Debtor Reporting System.
Target 8.F
In cooperation with the private sector, make
available the benefits of new technologies,
especially information and communications
6.6
Latin America and the Caribbean
6.7
6.1
6.6
Northern Africa
4.4
4.5
4.4
7.2
7
Sub-Saharan Africa
2.4
2.4
6.5
6.9
6
3.3
Southern Asia
2.8
2.5
3.0
4
2.9
South-Eastern Asia
2.2
3.1
2.8
2.5
2
1.2
Oceania
1.5
1.1
1
1.0
6.1
1.8
Mobile-cellular subscriptions
Eastern Asia
0.6
0.7
0.4
in
ar 201
y) 4
13
12
20
11
20
10
20
im
(P
re
l
Population
20
09
08
20
20
07
20
20
20
05
06
Internet users
Fixed-telephone subscriptions
2
2010
4
2011
10
2012
Note: Data only cover the developing countries that report to the World Bank
Debtor Reporting System.
60
40
20
32
21
18
World
Developing countries
in
ar 201
y) 4
13
im
12
20
11
20
10
20
(P
re
l
Developed countries
20
09
20
08
20
07
20
Regional groupings
Developed regions
Northern Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa
South-Eastern Asia
Eastern Asia
Southern Asia
Western Asia
Caucasus & Central Asia
Oceania
Latin America & the Caribbean
African subregions
For some MDG indicators, data are presented
separately for smaller subregions in Africa,
based on the classification adopted by the
United Nations Economic Commission for
Africa.
North Africa
West Africa
Central Africa
Eastern Africa
Southern Africa
Contributing agencies
Contributions on data and analysis for each target
presented under the eight goals were provided by
individual agencies as indicated below:
Cover
Photo credits:
UNICEF/Asselin
Page 15 UNICEF/Noorani
Page 26 UNICEF/Mawa
Page 46 UNICEF/Asselin
Page 19 UNICEF/Pirozzi
Page 22 Simone D. McCourtie / World Bank
Page 31 UNICEF/Pirozzi
Page 33 UNICEF/Le Moyne
Page 44 UNICEF/Asselin
Page 45 UNICEF/Estey
Page 49 Salahaldeen Nadir/World Bank
Page 51 Dominic Sansoni / World Bank
14-27027
ISBN 978-92-1-101308-5