1.

Extraction
In these experiments isolate ginger oil of ginger rhizome extraction method, using nhexane. Old local Indonesian ginger rhizome is used, in which the ginger is ginger that is
widely used as a spice in cooking. First of ginger washed and cleaned, then thinly sliced and
then dried by heating indirectly, that ginger involatile. Ginger drying process function for
obtain the lowest water content of ginger and ginger in theory water content 1-3% of the
weight of ginger. After that ginger crushed into powder. Rarefaction ginger into powder aims
to accelerate the faster the reaction so the solvent to dissolve the components of ginger and
extraction process goes quickly. Ginger is dried and crushed ginger produces pale yellow
First stringing extraction tool. A total of 15 grams of dried ginger powder is weighed after
it was wrapped in filter paper and put into a Soxhlet tool. filter paper containing dried ginger
powder samples should meet part of sixhlet but may not exceed the pipe that are next to the
side Soxhlet. this is because in order to be extracted ginger submerged by the solvent as a
whole so that the ginger oil obtained can be as much as possible from the weight of ginger are
included.
At the extraction flask filled by solvent n-hexane which has a lower boiling point than oil.
N-hexane solvent has a boiling point of 600C and a solubility in water of 13 mg/L at 200C,
has a stable and volatile nature, so it is suitable for extraction. n-hexane including nonpolar
solvents and relatively safe.
In the heating process, the solvent n-hexane will evaporate through evaporation pipe, due
to the condenser it back into a liquid and falls into a Soxhlet tool in which there is a bundle of
ginger powder. At this moment ginger oil will be dissolved by the solvent n-hexane and
brought to the boiling flask through a small pipe. Ginger oil can be dissolved in n-hexane for
compounds in ginger oil is a non-ionic compounds, compounds with a carbon chain of more
than five, compounds having nonpolar functional groups and are not able to form hydrogen
bonds.
Ginger oil is dissolved will give color to yellowish brown. The process ginger oil delivery
through a small pipe lasted continuously until the mixture in the Soxhlet apparatus colorless
again, requires 45 times the nature of the tool to the boiling flask soxhlet because the mixture
was colorless and the extraction process is stopped. Thus, obtained ginger oil and solvents
mixed in the boiling flask.

2. Determining the precentage of ginger oil

separation process of solvent extraction results by means of evaporated using soxhlet
tool as a replacement the evaporator. The solvent was evaporated kept to a not to fall down
and then accommodated in a container already provided. The solvent was evaporated back to
colorless because that causes the solvent after extraction into a clear yellow oil of ginger is
produced and turns brownish yellow.
Furthermore, anhydrous sodium sulfate was added to absorb the rest of water present
in ginger oil. reduction in water content can affect the purity of ginger oil obtained from the
extraction. Ginger oil is mixed with anhydrous sodium sulfate thus obtained filtrate was
decanted brownish yellow ginger oil.
Furthermore, the volalite oil is separated from Na2SO4 and water with filtration
produce 1 gram of volalite oil. Volalite rendenen oil is 6,6% with calculation :
%Rendemen =

= 6.6 %

Then measure the refractive index of ginger oil produced to obtain the refractive
index of 1.498234. According the theory of the refractive index of ginger from 1.4880 to
1.4970. The refractive index we obtained according to the theory.
Ginger contain volatile oil of plants consisting of :
1. - pinene
2. -phellandren
3.

borneol

4. Limonene
5. Linalool
6. Citral
7.

Nonylaldehyde

8. Decylaldehyde
9. Methyleptenon
10. 1,8 cineol bisabilen
11. 1--curcumin
12. Farnese
13. Humulen
14. 60% zingiberen danzingiberole evaporate
15. spicy substance gingerol.

3. Determining the precentage water in ginger

In this experiment, dry ginger powder weighed as much as 1 gram, then put in an oven at
110 so that the water contained in ginger powder evaporates. Experiments were performed
6 times to obtain a constant weight of ginger powder or unchanged.
-Oven 1 = 0.86 gram
-Oven 2 = 0.654 gram
-Oven 3 = 0.438 gram
-Oven 4 = 0.299 gram
-Oven 5 = 0.191 gram
-Oven 6 = 0.132 gram
By using 3 last of oven (4stOven, 5stOven,6thOven)
% 4stOven =
%5stOven =
%6stOven =
The average of rendemen
=