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CASE STUDY (For Items 28 to 30)

A woman was hospitalized with dehydration;


Vibrio cholerae and Plesiomonas shigelloides were
isolated from the patient. She had neither traveled
outside the United States nor eaten raw shell-fish during
the preceding month. She had attended a party 2 days
before her hospitalization. Two other people at the party
had acute diarrheal illness and elevated levels of serum
antibodies against Vibrio. Everyone at the party ate
crabs and rice pudding with coconut milk. Crabs left
over from this party were served at a second party. One
of the 20 people at the second party had onset of mild
diarrhea; specimens from 14 of these people were
negative for vibriocidal antibodies.
28. This is an example of
a. vehicle transmission .
b. airborne transmission.
c. transmission by fomites.
d. direct contact transmission.
e. nosocomial transmission.
29. The etiologic agent of the disease is
a. Plesiomonas shigelloides.
b. crabs.
c. Vibrio cholerae.
d. coconut milk.
e. rice pudding.
30. The source of the disease was
a. Plesiomonas shigelloides.
b. crabs.
c. Vibrio cholerae.
d. coconut milk.
e. rice pudding.

Across
1. proteins secreted by pathogens to take tightyly-bound iron
5. transmission via saliva or mucus in coughing or sneezing

8. bacterial enzymes that clot the fibrinogen in blood


11. the manner in which a disease develops
12. period of disease development characterized by mild to moderate symptoms
13. invasion or colonization of pathogens
16. the relationship between normal microbiota and the host
18. disease that is constantly present
20. any life-threatening decreased in blood pressure
21. first name of your lecturer
22. diseases that occur primarily in the wild and domestic animals and can be transmitted to humans
24. non-living object involved in the spread of infection
25. microbes that reside but do non-pathogenic under normal conditions
26. the phenomenon where the normal microbiota prevents overgrowth of pathogens
28. He concluded that contaminated water from the water pump was the source of the epidemic.
29. animals that carry pathogens from one host to another
30. studies when and where diseases occur and how they are transmitted in population
Down
2. microbes that do not cause disease in their normal habitat but do so in different environment
3. a continual source of infection
4. toxin that causes flaccid paralysis
6. hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid in connective tissues
7. period where the person regains strength
9. also called blood poisoning
10. live microbial cultures ingested to exert beneficial effect
14. the cause of disease
15. presence of toxins in the blood
17. specific group of signs and symptoms that may accompany a disease
19. infection acquired due to hospital stay
23. toxin characterized by chills, fever, weakness, generalized aches
27. disease where the causative agent remains inactive for a time but becomes active to produce symptoms

PATHOGENESIS the manner in which a disease develops


etiology the cause of disease

infection invasion or colonization of pathogens


normalflora microbes that reside but do non-pathogenic under normal conditions
competitiveexclusion the phenomenon where the normal microbiota prevents overgrowth of pathogens
symbiosis the relationship between normal microbiota and the host
probiotics live microbial cultures ingested to exert beneficial effect
opportunisticpathogens microbes that do not cause disease in their normal habitat but do so in different
environment
syndrome specific group of signs and symptoms that may accompany a disease
endemic disease that is constantly present
latent disease where the causative agent remains inactive for a time but becomes active to produce
symptoms
septicemia also called blood poisoning
toxemia presence of toxins in the blood
prodormal period of disease development characterized by mild to moderate symptoms
convalescence period where the person regains strength
zoonoses diseases that occur primarily in the wild and domestic animals and can be transmitted to humans
fomite non-living object involved in the spread of infection
vectors animals that carry pathogens from one host to another
nosocomial infection acquired due to hospital stay
epidemiology studies when and where diseases occur and how they are transmitted in population
JohnSnow He concluded that contaminated water from the water pump was the source of the epidemic.
coagulase bacterial enzymes that clot the fibrinogen in blood
hyaluronidase hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid in connective tissues
siderophores proteins secreted by pathogens to take tightyly-bound iron
botulinum toxin that causes flaccid paralysis
shock any life-threatening decreased in blood pressure
reservoir a continual source of infection
endotoxin toxin characterized by chills, fever, weakness, generalized aches
droplet transmission via saliva or mucus in coughing or sneezing
ricardo first name of your lecturer

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