LEGALMEDICINEANDMEDICALJURISPRUDENCE

PhysiciansLicensureExamination
May30,2010;1:00pm5:00pm
1. The preferred thoracoabdominal autopsy incision which allows greater maneuverability
and access to the internal organs is the
A. I-shaped incision
B. T-shaped incision
C. U-shaped incision
D. Y-shaped incision
2. Weights of various organs during the autopsy are obtained by
A. Excising and weighing them individually
B. Taking the body weight and computing the organ weights based on body-organ
proportionality
C. Gross estimation based on palpation and appearance
D. any of the above
3. The hospital or clinical autopsy
A. does not require a written consent from the next-of-kin
B. is for suspicious and violent deaths
C. determines manner of death

D. is mainly for teaching and research purposes

4. Deaths which require further investigation include the following except
A. all vehicular accidents
B. all deaths of inmates, incarcerated or institutionalized individuals
C. all deaths within 24 hours of hospital stay
D. all deaths occurring in the work-place
5. Examination of a dead body at the scene includes the following except
A. fingerprinting
B. preliminary assessment of the wounds if any
C. observations regarding algor, rigor and livor mortis
D. documentation of the bodys position
6. Personal property found on or with a dead body
A. must be turned over to the police as evidence
B. must be described and inventoried
C. must be buried or cremated with the body
D. all of the above
7. A 33-year old female was previously diagnosed to have advanced cervical cancer for
which she was operated on and given adjuvant radio- and chemotherapy. She developed
difficulty of breathing while at her home and was rushed to the hospital. She was found
arrested at the emergency room and could not be revived. The underlying cause of
death is
A. complications of radio- and chemotherapy
B. acute respiratory failure
C. cervical cancer
D. multiple organ failure
8. If a surgeon testifies in court regarding some purely factual evidence regarding his
surgical procedure he/she is
A. a medical witness
B. an ordinary witness
C. an expert witness
D. a professional witness
9. A 25-year old male was on a motorbike when he collided with a bus and was run over. His
left leg had to be amputated below the knee.
A. The surgically amputated knee has to be sent to pathology
B. A death certificate should be issued for the left leg
C. The time of amputation is the surgeons pronouncement of time of death in the
certificate
D. All are true

LEGALMEDICINEANDMEDICALJURISPRUDENCE
PhysiciansLicensureExamination
May30,2010;1:00pm5:00pm
10. A patient operated on for an elective procedure suffers from cardiorespiratory arrest
intraoperatively and does not recover. Investigation includes
A. a peer review of the surgical and anesthetic procedures
B. examination of the oxygen tank and tube, syringes and drug vials
C. a forensic autopsy
D. all of the above
11. A properly accomplished death certificate attests to the following except
A. fact of death
B. identity of the deceased
C. manner of death
D. no exception
12. If despite a thorough, objective investigation a definite manner of death cannot be
arrived at, the death is classified as
A. unknown
B. undetermined
C. unresolved
D. unnatural
13. A criminalist
A. is a criminologist
B. is a crime investigator
C. studies criminals and their behavior
D. is a criminal profiler
14. Wet blood stains are best preserved by
A. freezing
B. drying
C. irradiating
D. all of the above
15. In packaging crime scene evidence, wet evidence should be
A. dried at the scene and packaged in plastic
B. dried at the scene and packaged in paper
C. dried at the lab and packaged in plastic
D. dried at the lab and packaged in paper
16. A screwdriver used to pick a lock is scratched and leaves pieces of metal behind. This is
an example of
A. pattern evidence
B. toolmark evidence
C. Locards Exchange Principle
D. All of the above
17. A special type of microscope that allows two separate objects to be viewed
simultaneously in the same ocular is known as
A. Compound microscope
B. Dissecting microscope
C. Comparison microscope
D. Scanning electron microscope
18. This type of microscope (No. 17 above) is used in the forensic analysis of
A. toolmarks
B. hair samples
C. fired cartridge casings
D. All of the above
19. When estimating postmortem interval, which of the following is least useful?
A.
gastric contents
B.
insect colonies
C.
rectal temperature
D.
postmortem hypostasis

LEGALMEDICINEANDMEDICALJURISPRUDENCE
PhysiciansLicensureExamination
May30,2010;1:00pm5:00pm
20. Estimation of age can be done through
A. fingerprints
B. tattoos
C. dentition
D. DNA analysis
21. If the environment is moist and warm the body will most likely
A. mummify
B. develop adipocere
C. skeletalise
D. none of the above
22.. Algor mortis is faster if
A. The individual was septic
B. The body is in a fetal position
C. The body is attired in shirt, jacket, pants and socks
D. The body is exposed to rain
23. When charred bone fragments were subjected to DNA analysis the lab report indicated
that no human DNA was detected. This means that
A. the bone fragments are not human
B. the test is inconclusive
C. it is impossible to determine if the bones are of human origin or not
D. none of the above
24. Marking injuries on a reference anatomic diagram best illustrates
A. the position of the assailant during the assault
B. the position of the victim during the assault
C. intent of the assailant to maim or kill
D. the distribution of the injuries on the body
25. Close examination of wounds is important because they could give information as to
A. the sex of the assailant
B. whether the assailant is right- or lefthanded
C. the type of weapon used
D. the motive for the attack
26. If a scalp wound shows intact hair follicles, crushed margins, and intact tissue strands
across the wound, it must be
A.
an incised wound
B.
a laceration
C.
a superficial cut
D.
a projectile injury
27. The dimension of a stab wound most useful to characterize the nature of the weapon
used to injure a victim is
A. depth
B. width measured with the stab wound gaping
C. length measured with the wound edges pushed together
D. all are true
28. The caliber of the bullet can be determined from
A. the dimensions of the entrance wound
B. the dimensions of the exit wound
C. the abrasion collar
D. none of the above
29. The trajectory of a bullet wound determined from an autopsy of the body indicates
A. the position of the victim when the gunshot wound was sustained
B. the position of the shooter
C. whether the shot was intentional or accidental
D. the bullets path inside the body in the reference anatomic position
30. A self-inflicted intentional gunshot wound of the right temple implies

LEGALMEDICINEANDMEDICALJURISPRUDENCE
PhysiciansLicensureExamination
May30,2010;1:00pm5:00pm
A. right hand dominance
B. left hand dominance
C. no relation to the individuals dexterity
D. probable accidental fire
31. The presence of multiple gunshot wounds from a handgun
A. is possible in suicide
B. is always homicide
C. is consistent with accidental fire
D. is never self-inflicted
32. Lifting of gunpowder residues with paraffin wax and testing for nitrates using
diphenylamine
A. is a quantitative test
B. is obsolete
C. reliably determines if an alleged shooter fired a gun or not
D. can be done as long as the test is performed within 24 hours after the shooting
incident
33. Close range of fire in gunshot wounds is best indicated by
A.
collar of abrasion around the entrance wound
B.
stippling or tattooing
C.
soot deposits in the entrance wound
D.
the shooters actual confession
34. If a projectile injury of the cranium shows an outer table defect smaller than that of the
inner table (internal beveling), this is
A. an entrance wound
B. an exit wound
C. contact fire
D. caused by a handgun
35. The appearance of handgun wounds is affected by the following except
A.
hot gases
B.
smoke
C.
unburnt propellant
D.
wad
36. Defense gunshot wounds are recognized as such mainly because of their
A. location
B. range of fire
C. number
D. all of the above
37. Physical evidence in a shooting incident includes
A. the skin around an entrance wound removed during surgical debridement
B. the bullet or bullet fragments recovered from the body
C. clothing worn by the victim
D. all are true
38. Which of the following is true about hymenal findings?
A. They can corroborate allegation of penetration in children
B. They have limited use in confirming sexual assault in adult women
C. They are difficult to interpret due to anatomic variations and the inexperience of the
examining physician
D. All are true
39. The telltale signs of child abuse are most typically seen in the
A. skin and bones
B. bones and internal organs
C. eyes and skin
D. mouth and genitalia
40. Signs of recent injury to the hymen except

LEGALMEDICINEANDMEDICALJURISPRUDENCE
PhysiciansLicensureExamination
May30,2010;1:00pm5:00pm
A. edema
B. redness
C. lacerations
D. dilatation
41. Genital features useful in assessing a womans sexual history
A. hymenal diameter
B. the prominence of the rugosities of the vaginal mucosa
C. whether the hymen is intact or not
D. none of the above
42. Absence of genital injuries after sexual assault could be due to
A. a non-resisting victim
B. a non-aggressive assailant
C. limitations of the forensic examination
D. all of the above
43. The best time to perform a forensic sexual assault examination is
A. right after the incident
B. within 24 hours of the incident
C. not more than 72 hours after the incident
D. anytime; post-injury interval does not matter
44. The following are seen in badly burned bodies except
A. heat fractures
B. pugilistic attitude
C. skin splitting
D. no exception
45. When releasing a body from suspension it is best to
A. Undo the knot around the neck
B. Undo the knot where the body is suspended from
C. Cut away from the knot
D. Leave the ligature around the neck during transport for removal at the hospital
46. Postmortem testing for which of the following is still useful in confirming death from
asphyxia:
A. Diatoms in tissues
B. Amount of magnesium in the blood
C. Percentage carboxyhemoglobin level
D. Oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood
47. The physical finding most consistently present in cases of hanging by ligature is
A. Ligature furrow
B. Ligature furrow with suspension point
C. Hyoid bone fractures
D. Thyroid superior horn fractures
48. Which of the following organs is least susceptible to injuries due to deceleration forces?
A. arch of the aorta
B. liver
C. spleen
D. brain and meninges
49. Bicycles are inherently dangerous because
A. Head injuries also occur despite the use of a helmet.
B. This type of vehicle is unstable because it is 2-wheeled.
C. The rider is frequently ejected upon impact
D. All are true.
50. An adult pedestrian hit by a large vehicle such as a bus or truck
A. will likely be "scooped up"
B. will likely have bumper injuries and have his feet knocked from under him
C. will likely have injuries positioned higher in the chest, arms or head

LEGALMEDICINEANDMEDICALJURISPRUDENCE
PhysiciansLicensureExamination
May30,2010;1:00pm5:00pm
D. none of the above