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El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la incidencia y los principales factores de riesgo asociados
a infeccin de herida quirrgica en pacientes cesareadas en el Instituto Materno Perinatal durante
el perodo comprendido entre julio y diciembre del 2002.
Se realiz un estudio observacional analtico de tipo casos y controles comparando 204
mujeres cesareadas con infeccin de herida operatoria con 408 pacientes en quienes no ocurri la
infeccin despus de la cesrea.
La incidencia de infeccin de herida quirrgica en pacientes cesareadas fue 5,8%. El tiempo
operatorio, la antibitico profilaxis, las complicaciones intraoperatorias, patologa materna
asociada, anemia, hipoproteinemia e infeccin de vas urinarias no se asociaron con infeccin de
herida en pacientes sometidas a operacin cesrea.
Tres factores incrementaron el riesgo de infeccin de herida quirrgica despus de la
cesrea: cesrea de emergencia [OR 4,5 (IC 95% 1,3 15,7)]; corioamnionitis [3,0 ( IC 95% 1,6
5,5)], y obesidad [2,8 (OR 95% 1,3 5,9)].
Se concluy que la cesrea de emergencia, la corioamnionitis y la obesidad son factores de
riesgo para infeccin de herida operatoria en pacientes cesareadas.
Palabras Claves: Infeccin de herida quirrgica, incidencia, factores de riesgo.

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