Sayed Mansoor Afzali

ID: 12195
Prof. Karim Soroush
Statistics II
Date: October 20, 2013
Assignment 1
Question 1.
A recent study of the hourly wages of the maintenance crews for major airlines showed that the mean
hourly salary was $ 16.5 with a standard deviation of $ 3.5. If we select a crew member at random, what
is the probability the crew member earns?
a. Between 16.5 and $ 20 per hour
b. More than $ 20 per hour
c. Less than $ 15 per hour
d. Between $ 10 and 20 per hour

34.13%

Answers
a.

-3

-2

As for this case

Mean
16.5

-1

SD

3.5

Formula

x (1)

Value

16.5

x (2)

Percentage

0%

34.13%

Hence, there is 34.13% chance that the selected crew members would earn b/w $16.5 and $20.
b.

15.87%
-3

-2

As for this case

Mean
16.5
Formula

-1

SD

3.5
Value
1

x
Percentage
34.13%

More than

20
Relevant Percentage
50% - 34.13%
15.87%

Hence, there is 15.87% chance that the selected crew members would earn more than $20.

20

c.

33.36%
-3

-2

As for this case

Mean
16.5

-1

SD

3.5

Formula

Value

Less than

Percentage

-0.43

15
Relevant Percentage
50% - 16.64%
33.36%

16.64%

Hence, there is 33.36% chance that the selected crew members would earn less than $15.
d.
80.99%

-3

-2

As for this case

Mean
16.5
Formula

-1

SD

3.5
Value
-1.86

x (1)
Percentage

10

x (2)

Total

46.86%
80.99%

34.13%

Hence, there is 80.99% chance that the selected crew members would earn b/w $10 and $20.

20

Question 2.
The mean of normal distribution is 400 pounds and the standard deviation is 10 pounds
a. What is the area between 415 and 400 pounds?
b. What is the area between the mean and 395 pounds?
c. What is the probability of selecting a value at random and discovering that it has a value is less than 395
pounds?
Answers
a.
43.32%
-3

-2

As for this case

Mean
400

-1

SD

10

Formula

x (1)

Value

400

x (2)

415

400

x (2)

395

Percentage

0%

1.5

43.32%

Hence, the area between 415 and 400 pounds is equal to 43.32%.

19.15%

b.

-3

-2

As for this case

Mean
400
Formula

-1

SD

10
Value

x (1)
Percentage

0%

-0.5

19.15%

Hence, the area between the mean and 395 pounds is equal to 19.15%.

c.

30.85%
-3

-2

As for this case

Mean
400

-1

SD

10

Formula

Value

Less than

Percentage

-0.50

395
Relevant Percentage
50% - 19.15%
30.85%

19.15%

Hence, there is 30.85% probability that the randomly selected value would be less than 395.
Question 3
A normal distribution has a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 4
a. Compute the probability of value between 44 and 55
b. Compute the probability of value greater than 55
c. Compute the probability of value between 52 and 55
d. Determine the value of x below which 95 percent of the values will occur.
Answers
a.
82.76%
-3

-2

As for this case

Mean
50

-1

SD

Formula

x (1)

Value

Percentage

-1.5

44

x (2)

Total

43.32%
82.76%

1.25

39.44%

Hence, the probability of value between 44 and 55 is equal to 82.76%.

b.

10.56%
-3

As for this case

Mean
50

-2

-1

SD

Greater than

55

55

Formula

Value

Percentage

1.25

Relevant Percentage
50% - 39.44%
10.56%

39.44%

Hence, there is 10.56% probability that the value selected would be greater than 55.

20.29%

c.

-3

-2

As for this case

Mean
50

-1

SD

Formula

x (1)

Value

Percentage

0.5

52

x (2)

55

x (2)

90

Total

19.15%
20.29%

1.25

39.44%

Hence, the probability of value between 52 and 55 is equal to 20.29%.

d.
Mean

50

SD
Formula

1.65

x
56.60

Hence, 95% of all data values will lie below x=56.60.

Question 4
A normal distribution has a mean of 80 and standard deviation of 14
a. Compute the probability of value between 75 and 90
b.Compute the probability of value between 55 and 70
c. Determine the value of X above which 80 percent of the values will occur.
Answers
a.
40.06%
-3

As for this case

Mean
80

-2

-1

SD

14

x (1)

75

Formula

Value

Percentage

-0.36

Total

14.06%
40.17%

0.71

26.11%

Hence, the probability of value between 75 and 90 is equal to 40.17%.

20.22%

b.

-3

-2

As for this case

Mean
80

-1

SD

14

Formula

Value
-1.79

x (1)

Percentage

55

Total

46.33%
20.22%

-0.71

26.11%

Hence, the probability of value between 55 and 70 is equal to 20.22%.

c.
Mean

80

SD
Formula

14
x
68.24

Hence, 80% of all data values will lie above x=72.72.

-0.84

x (2)

70

Question 5

The mean expenditure of a family of four is 6120 afs. Assuming a standard deviation of 1500
and normally distributed.
a. What is the probability a single family of four spent over 6000 afs.
b. What is the probability 100 families spent over 6000 on the average.
Answer
a.

53.19%
-3

-2

As for this case

Mean
6120

-1

SD

1500

Formula

Value

More than

Percentage

-0.08

6000
Relevant Percentage
50% + 3.19%
53.19%

3.19%

Hence, there is 53.19% chance that a single family of four spent over 6000 afs.
b.
As for this case
n
100
Formula

53.19%

Mean

Formula

53.19
Formula

46.81%
SD
4.99

Value
1.36

Percentage
41.31%

Hence, there is 41.31% chance that 100 familes of four spent over 6000 afs on average.
Question 6.
A researcher found that a sample of 100 with mean of 50.3 and standard error of 10.1 generated a
confidence interval of 48.3204 to 52.2796. What level of confidence can be attributed to this interval?
Answer
As for this case
n
100
p
50.00%
q
50.00%
Formula
Mean
Formula
SD
50

Lower
Limit

Formula

5.00
Value
-0.34

Percentage
13.31%

Formula

Upper
Limit

Value
0.46

Total

Percentage
17.72%

31.03%

Hence, the confidence level that can be attributed to this interval is 31.03%.
Question 7.
A recent study of 100 people in Kabul found 27 were obese. Find the 90% confidence interval of the
population proportion of the individuals living in Kabul who are obese.
Answer
As for this case
n
100
Formula

0.27

Mean

q
Formula

Z = 90%

1.64

SD

27
Lower Limit
Formula

0.73

4.44

Value
26.3

Upper Limit
Formula

Value
27.7

So, with confidence level of 90% the population proportion is between 26.3 and 27.7.
Question 8.
A survey of 90 families showed that 40 owned at least one car. Find 95 % confidence interval of the true
proportion of the families who own at least one car.
Answer
As for this case
n
90
Formula

p
Mean
40

0.44

q
Formula

0.56
SD
4.71

Z = 95%

1.96

Lower Limit
Formula

Value
39.0

Upper Limit
Formula

Value
41.0

So, with confidence level of 95% the population proportion is between 39 and 41.
Question 9.
A company wishes to estimate the average time to service a customer.
a. Assume that a sample of 100 customers yielded a mean of 37 minutes with a standard error of 5.2
minutes. Construct and interpret the 99 percent of interval.
b. Calculate the 99 percent interval under the same conditions if the sample size is 500.
Answer
a.
As for this case
n
100

Mean

5.20

Z = 99%

2.58

So, with confidence level of 99% the interval is between 35.7 and 38.3
b.
As for this case
n
500
Mean
37.00
SD
5.20

Z = 99%

2.58

Lower Limit
Formula

37.00

SD

Value
35.7

Upper Limit
Formula

Value
38.3

Lower Limit
Formula

Value
36.4

Upper Limit
Formula

Value
37.6

So, with confidence level of 99% the interval is between 36.4 and 37.6
Question 10.
The owner of small business wishes to estimate the average time required to complete a certain job task.
He must ensure that he is 90 percent confident that that the error is less than 0.5 minutes. The standard
deviation is known to be 3.2 minutes. How many observations of completion times must he take?
Answer
As for this case
Error
0.5

SD

3.20

Z = 90%

1.64

n
Formula

Value
110.2

So, with confidence level of 90% the owner must take 110 observations.
Question 11.
The dean of private university wants an estimate of the number of the out of state students enrolled. She
must be 95 percent confident that the error is less than 3 percent. How large a sample must she take? If
the sample reveals a proportion of 31 percent out of stators and there are 12,414 students. How many
students do you estimate come from other states.
Answer
As for this case
Error
0.03

0.31

n
Formula

Value
913

The total number of students coming from other states are 913.

0.69

Z = 95%

1.96

Question 12
A restaurant owner wishes to find the 99% confidence interval of the true mean cost of a day martini.
How large should the sample be if she wishes to be accurate within $ 10? A previous study shows that the
standard deviation of the price was $ 12.
Answer
As for this case
Error
10

SD

12.00

Z = 99%

2.58

n
Formula

Value
10

So, with confidence level of 99% the owner must take 10 observations.
Question 13
A health care professional wishes to estimate the birth weights of infants. How large a sample must be
selected if she desires to be 90% confident that the true mean is within 6 ounces of the sample mean?
The standard deviation of the birth weights is known to be 8 ounces.
Answer
As for this case
Error
6

SD

Z = 90%

1.64

n
Formula

Value
5

So, with confidence level of 90% the health care professional must take 5 observations.
Question 14
The following data represent a random sample of 9 marks (out of 10) on a statistics quiz. The marks are
normally distributed with a standard deviation of 2. Estimate the population mean with 90% confidence.
Answer
x
7
9
7
5
4
8
3
10
9
Total

Z = 90%

1.64

Sample Mean
Formula
Value
6.89

62

SD = 2

Population Mean = ?

Formula

Population Mean
Lower Limit

Upper Limit

5.80

7.98

Hence, with 90% confidence Level the population mean is between the interval 5.80 and 7.98.
Question 15.
How many rounds of golf do physicians (who play golf) play per year? A survey of 12 physicians revealed
the following numbers.
Answer
x
3
41
17
1
33
37
18
15
17
12
29
51
274

9
1681
289
1
1089
1369
324
225
289
144
841
2601

n= 12
Z = 90%
Standard Deviation
Formula
Value

1.64

15.4

Sample Mean
Formula
Value
22.83

8862

Formula

Population Mean
Lower Limit
15.55

Upper Limit
30.12

Hence, physicians play on average from 15.55 to 30.12 rounds of gold per year

Question 16.
Among the most exciting aspect of a university professors life is departmental meeting where such
critical issues as the color the walls will be painted and who gets a new desk are decided. A sample of 19
professors was asked how many hours per year are devoted to these meetings .The responses are listed
here .Assuming that the variable is approximately normally distributed. Estimate the mean number of
hours spent at departmental meetings by all professors. Use a confidence level of 90%.
Answer
x
14
17
3
6
17
3
8
4
20
15
7
9
0
5
11
15
18
8
4
184

196
289
9
36
289
9
64
16
400
225
49
81
0
25
121
225
324
64
16

n= 19
Z = 90%
Standard Deviation
Formula
Value
6.0

Sample Mean
Formula
Value
9.68
Error Calculation
Formula
Value
0.10

Degree of Freedom
Formula
Value
n-1
18
Total Critical Value
1.734

2438

Formula

Population Mean
Lower Limit
7.28

Upper Limit
12.09

Hence, with confidence level of 90%, professors spend around 7.28 - 12.09 hours in meetings.

Question 17.
The number of cars sold annually by used car salespeople is normally distributed with a standard
deviation of 15. A random sample of 15 salespeople was taken and the number of cars each sold is listed
here. Find the 95% confidence interval estimate of population mean. Interpret the interval estimate.
Answer
x
79
43
58
66
101
63
79
33
58
71
60
101
74
55
88
1029

6241
1849
3364
4356
10201
3969
6241
1089
3364
5041
3600
10201
5476
3025
7744

n= 15
SD = 15

Z = 95%

Sample Mean
Formula
Value
68.60
Error Calculation
Formula
Value
0.05

75761

Formula

Degree of Freedom
Formula
Value
n-1
14
Total Critical Value
2.145

Population Mean
Lower Limit
60.29

Upper Limit
76.91

Hence, with confidence level of 95%, car saler sell 60-77 cars annually on average.

Question 18.

It is known that the amount of time needed to change the oil on a car is normally distributed the
amount of time to complete a random sample of 10 oil changes was recorded and listed here.
Compute the 99% confidence interval estimate of the mean of the population.
Answer
x
11
10
16
15
18
12
25
20
18
24
169

121
100
256
225
324
144
625
400
324
576

n= 10
SD =

Z = 99%
5.2

Sample Mean
Formula
Value
16.90
Error Calculation
Formula
Value
0.01

3095

Formula

Degree of Freedom
Formula
Value
n-1
9
Total Critical Value
3.25

Population Mean
Lower Limit
11.60

Upper Limit
22.20

Hence, with confidence level of 99%, the true mean of the population lies between 11.6 - 22.2.

Question 19.
Because of different sales ability ,experience and deviation ,the incomes of real estate agents vary
considerably. Suppose that in a large city the annual income is normally distributed with a standard
deviation of $15,000. A random sample of 16 real estate agents was asked to report their annual income
(in $1,000).The responses are listed here .Determine the 99% confidence interval estimate of the mean
annual income of all real estate agents in the city .
Answer
x
65
94
57
111
83
61
50
73
68
80
93
84
113
41
60
77
1210

4225
8836
3249
12321
6889
3721
2500
5329
4624
6400
8649
7056
12769
1681
3600
5929

n= 16
SD=

Z = 99%
15.0

Sample Mean
Formula
Value
75.63
Error Calculation
Formula
Value
0.01

97778

Formula

Degree of Freedom
Formula
Value
n-1
15
Total Critical Value
2.947

Population Mean
Lower Limit
64.57

Upper Limit
86.68

Hence, with confidence level of 99%, the true mean of the population lies b/w 64.57 - 86.68.

Question 20.
The operation manager of a plan making cellular telephones has proposed rearranging the production
process to be more efficient. She wants to estimate the assemble the telephone using the new
arrangement. She believes that the population standard deviation is 15 seconds. How large a sample
workers should she take to estimate the mean assembly time to within 2 seconds with 95% confidence?
Answer
SD = 15

Z = 95%

Error = 2

n
Formula

Value
216

So, with a confidence level of 95%, she must take 216 observations.
Question 21.
A medical researcher wants to investigate the amount of time it takes for patients headache pain to be
relived after taking a new prescription painkiller .She plans to use statistical methods to estimate the
mean of population of relief times .She believes that population is normally distributed with a standard
deviation of 20 minutes. How large a sample should take to estimate the mean time within 1 minute with
90%confidence?
Answer
SD = 20
Z = 90%
Error = 1
n
Formula

Value
1076

So, with a confidence level of 90%, the medical researcher should take 1,076 observations.
Question 22.

The operation manager of a large plant would like to estimate the average amount of time
workers take to assemble a new electronic component .After observing a number of workers
assembling similar devices, she guesses that the standard deviation is 6 minutes. How large a
sample of workers should she take if she wishes to estimate the mean assembly time to within
20 seconds? Assume that the confidence level is to be 99%.
Answer
SD = 6

Z = 99%

Error = 0.33

n
Formula

Value
2157

So, with a confidence level of 99%, she should take 2,157 observations.

Question 23.
a. Determine the sample size necessary to estimate a population mean to within 90% confidence given
that the population standard deviation is 10.
b. Suppose that the sample mean was calculated as 150. Estimate the population mean with 90%
confidence.
Answer
a.
SD = 10

Z = 90%
n
Formula

Value
269

So, with a confidence level of 90%, the sample size should be 269.
b.
Mean = 150
Population Mean
Formula
Lower Limit
149

Upper Limit
151

So, with a confidence level of 90%, the population mean falls between 149 and 151.
Question 24.
a. A statistics practitioner would like to estimate a population mean within 50 units with 99% confidence
and population standard deviation is 250 .what sample size should be used?
b. Redo Part a changing the standard deviation to 50.
c. Redo Part a using a 95% confidence level.
d. Redo Part a wherein we wish to estimate the population mean within 10 units.
Answer
a.
SD = 250
Z = 99%
Error = 50
n
Formula

Value
166

b.
SD = 50

Z = 99%

Error = 50

n
Formula

Value
7

c.
SD = 250

Z = 95%

Error = 50

n
Formula

Value
96

d.
SD = 250

Z = 99%

Error = 10

n
Formula

Value
4160

Question 25.

a. Determine the sample size required to estimate a population mean to within 10 units given
that the population standard deviation is 50. A confidence level would be 99% .
b. Repeat Part a changing the standard deviation to 100
c. Redo Part a using a 95% confidence level
d. Repeat Part a wherein we wish to estimate the population mean to within 20 units.
Answer
a.
SD = 50

Z = 99%

Error = 10

n
Formula

Value
166

b.
SD = 100

Z = 99%

Error = 10

n
Formula

Value
666

c.
SD = 50

Z = 95%
n
Formula

Value
96

Error = 10

d.
SD = 50

Z = 99%
n
Formula

Value
42

Error = 20