Determination of Sulfur Dioxide Concentration in Ambient Air by using sulfur dioxide analyzer

INTRODUCTION:
Sulphur dioxide is a gas. It is invisible and has a nasty, sharp smell. It reacts easily with other substances to form harmful compounds, such as sulphuric acid,
sulphurous acid and sulphate particles. Sources of SO2 emissions include industrial processes such as extracting metal from ore, and the burning of high
sulfur containing fuels by locomotives, large ships, and non-road equipment from fossil fuel combustion at power plants (73%) and other industrial facilities
(20%) coal and oil (for example, coal being burnt in a home fireplace for heating and diesel-powered vehicles). Sulfur dioxide is also produced from some
industrial processes, such as fertiliser manufacturing, aluminium smelting and steel making. Natural sources of sulfur dioxide include geothermal activity

OBJECTIVE: To determine the concentration of sulfur dioxide

by using the Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer (43C-TLE)

Procedure
the sample is drawn into the analyzer through the sample bulkhead.

The sample flows through a hydrocarbon kicker (scrubber) which allows only
hydrocarbon molecules to pass through the tube wall.
FIGURE 1: SULfUR DIOXIDE ANALYZER

The sample flows into the fluorescence chamber, where pulsating UV light
excites the SO2 molecules.

The band pass filter allows only the wavelengths emitted by the excited SO2
molecules to reach the PMT. The PMT detects the UV light emission from the
decaying SO2 molecules

The sample then flows through a flow sensor

FIGURE 2 : SULFUR DIOXIDE ANALYZER
(SCHEMATIC)

. MAIN COMPONENT OF ANALYZER

Pneumatic System: consists of sample inlet
line, particulate filter, hydrocarbon
scrubber/kicker, dryer , sample cell, reaction
chamber, flow meter, and pump
pump, all used to bring ambient air samples to
the analyzer inlet.
Analytical System: consists of the UV source
with the associated source filters, lenses, and
optics, as well as the light baffles, the
detector (photomultiplier tube) and bandpass
filter
and bandpass filters.
Electronic Hardware: consists of the
electronic components that control the
analyzer and process the signals.

References
http://www.epa.gov/airquality/sulfurdioxide/
http://www.mfe.govt.nz/issues/air/breathe/sulphurdioxide.html
http://www.epa.gov/airquality/sulfurdioxide/basic.html

The sample then flows through a flow sensor, a capillary, and the shell side of the
hydrocarbon kicker. The Sulfur Dioxide Analyzer outputs the SO2 concentration to
the front panel display and the analog or digital outputs.

CALCULATION

:
DRY GAS VOLUME; VS :
PV/T
Where; P - Barometric pressure
V Volume registered
at the meter
T temperature (K)

Prepared by
Prepared for :

Dr.Rusdin Bin Laiman

MUHAMMAD KHAIRUL ZIYAD BIN MOHAMAD

ZAID(2013386885)
WAN AHMAD NABIL BIN WAN
MUHAMMAD(2013569757
MUHAMMAD SYAFIQ BIN MOHD DIN(2013561131)