Kalasalingam University

(kalasalingam academy of research and education)

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

ECE302-ANALOG COMMUNICATION
QUESTION BANK
Unit -I ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION
Part-A
1. Draw the block diagram of communication system.
2. Define modulation.
3. What is the need for modulation?
4. Define noise?
5. Define transit time of a transistor?
6. Define SNR?
7. Define noise figure?
8. What is noise temperature?
9. What is thermal noise?
10. What is harmonic signal
11. What is johnson noise?
12. What is shot noise?
13. What is flicker noise?
14. Write the friis equation?
15. What is white noise?
16. What do you mean by baseband signal?
17. What is baseband system?
18. What is band pass system?
19. What is spectrum?
20. What is band limited channel?
21. What is power limited channel?
22. What is point to point and multipoint communication?
23. What is broadcasting?
24. Write the frequency range of millimeter waves?
25. List out the types of communication medium?
26. List the characteristics of a channel?
27. What is impedance matching?
28. List out the sources of information?
29. Which is called low frequency noise? Why?
30. Define bandwidth?
31. Write the bandwidth requirements for audio and picture transmission?
32. Define demodulation?
33. Mention the types of EM waves with its frequency range?
Part-B
1. Explain in details about sources of information?
2. Explain about uncorrelated noises present in the communication system?
3. Short notes on correlated noise?

4. A 3-stage system comprised of 2-amplifiers and 1-filter.the input power is 0.mw.the

absolute power gains of the systems are 100,40,0.25 respectively. Determine
A) Input power in dBm. b) Output power in watts. C) The decibel gain of each of the
3stages. D) Overall gain
5. Discuss about Electro Magnetic spectrum?
6. Explain about the classification of communication channel?
7. Derive the noise figure expression for cascaded amplifier?
8. Consider the 4V(peak-peak) square wave with the fundamental period of 1ms.determine
a) Amplitudes and frequencies of the first five odd harmonics?
b) Frequency spectrum of the given signal?
c) Calculate the total instantaneous voltage.
Unit -II MODULATION
Part-A
1. Give the types of modulation.
1. What is amplitude modulation
2. A broadcast radio transmitter radiates 5 kW power when the modulation percentage is
60%. How much is the carrier power?
3. Define AM envelope
4. Draw the frequency spectrum of an AMDSBFC wave.
5. Define modulation index and percent modulation in AM.
6. What is meant by repetition rate of an AM envelope.
7. When there is 100% modulation ,what is the relationship between voltage amplitudes of
the side frequencies and the carrier.
8. What is the predominant disadvantage of AMDSBFC.
9. State disadvantage of low level modulator(AM).
10. What is the maximum modulating frequency that can be used with an AMDSBFC
system with a 20Khz bandwidth.
11. For an unmodulated carrier amplitude of 16Vp and a modulation coefficient
m=0.4,determine the amplitudes of the modulated carrier and side frequencies.
12. For m=0.4 ,Pc=2000W ,Determine i)Total sideband power ii)Total transmitted power
iii) Power of the modulated and unmodulated carrier
13. What is the relationship between total power in AM wave and unmodulated carrier
power?
14. An unmodulated carrier is modulated simultaneously by three modulating signals with
coefficients of modulation m1 = 0.2, m2 = 0.4, m3 = 0.5. Determine the total coefficient
of modulation.
15. Define Modulation index and percent modulation for an AM wave.
16. What is Frequency modulation?
17. Define Angle modulation
18. What is Phase modulation?
19. What is Bandwidth of AM wave?
20. What is over, under, critical modulation?
21. Draw AM envelope with Vmax and Vmin?
22. With reference to FM, define modulation index.
23. Define deviation ratio.
24. State Carsons rule for determining approximate Band Width of FM signal.

25. A carrier is frequency is frequency modulated with a sinusoidal signal of 2 KHz resulting
in a maximum frequency deviation of 5 KHz. Find the approximate band width of the
modulated signal.
26. Distinguish between narrow band FM and wide band FM.
27. Determine the modulation index of a FM system with a maximum frequency deviation of
75 KHz and maximum modulating frequency of 10 KHz.
28. What are the advantages of FM over AM?
29. Limitations of AM?
30. What is single and multi tone modulation?
31. Generate PM wave from AM?
32. Generate FM wave from PM?
33. What is the advantage and disadvantage of Angle modulation?
34. Draw the FM waveform?
35. Draw the spectrum for wideband FM?
36. Draw the spectrum for DSB, SSB and VSB?
37. What are the advantages of VSB AM?
38. What are the advantages of DSB-SC AM?
39. Define percent modulation?
40. A Transmitter supplies 8KW to the antenna when unmodulated. Determine the total
power when amplitude modulates to 30%.
41. What is the main difference b/w frequency modulation and phase modulation?
42. Determine the modulation depth of FM system with a maximum frequency deviation of
75 KHz and the maximum modulating frequency of 10 KHz
43. Write down the expression for FM signal with sinusoidal modulation
44. Define instantaneous frequency deviation.
Part-B
1. Explain in detail about the basic principles of AM modulation with suitable diagrams?
2. Derive the modulated signal expression for multi-tone AM with spectrum diagram?
3. Explain in detail about the basic principles of narrowband FM modulation with suitable
diagrams?
4. Explain in detail about the basic principles of wideband FM modulation with suitable
diagrams?
5. Explain in detail about the DSB-SC type AM modulation?
6. Explain in detail about the SSB-SC type modulation?
7. Explain in detail about the VSB-SC modulation?
8. Compare the types of AM modulation?
9. Relationships between FM and PM?
10. Derive the expressions for power and bandwidth requirement of general AM?
11. Compare AM and FM?
Unit- III TRANSMITTER
Part-A
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Draw the block diagram of transmitter?

Types of AM Transmitter?
Roles of an antenna in transmitter?
Advantages of crystal oscillator?
Why crystal oscillator is used for carrier generation?

6. What are the Types of AM modulators?

7. What are the Types of FM modulators
8. What is low level transmitter?
9. What is high level transmitter?
10. State disadvantage of low level modulator
11. What are the types of PM modulators
12. What is ISB modulator?
13. What is heterodyning?
14. What is frequency multiplication?
15. What is pilot carrier?
16. Define pre-emphasis?
17. What are the types of DSB-SC signal generation?
18. What are the types of SSB-SC signal generation?
19. List applications of different AM system?
20. What are the various methods used for FM signal generation?
21. What is VSB modulation?
22. Compare linear and non linear modulators?
23. How will you generating the DSB-SC AM?
24. What are the advantages ring modulators?
25. How will you generating the SSB-SC AM?
26. Define heterodyne principle
Part-B
1. Describe about AM modulator with suitable diagrams?
2. Explain in detail about DSB-SC modulators?
3. Discuss about the SSB-SC signal generation?
4. Write short notes on ISB modulator?
5. Explain about VSB-SC signal generation?
6. Explain the operation of direct FM modulator?
7. Discuss about the FM signal generation by indirect method?
8. Draw the block diagram of low level transmitter and explain the functions of each block?
9. Draw the block diagram of high level transmitter and explain the functions of each block?
10. Explain the functions of FM transmitter with block diagram?
11. Briefly explain the FM stereo transmitter and receiver?
Unit IV RECEIVER
PART A
1. What are the characteristics of a receiver?
2. Define tracking?
3. What is capture effect?
4. What is threshold effect?
5. What is TRF receiver?
6. What are the advantages of super heterodyne receiver over TRF?
7. Write the principle of super heterodyne?
8. What is frequency translation?
9. What is intermediate frequency?
10. What is called image frequency?
11. What is the function of amplitude limiter in FM system?
12. Define dynamic range?

13. Define fidelity?

14. Define IMRR?
15. What are the functions of AGC?
16. What are the types of FM detectors?
17. What are the disadvantages of balanced detector
18. What is the use of crystal controlled oscillator?
19. Define sensitivity?
20. Define selectivity?
21. What is demodulation
22. What is carrier re-insertion technique?
23. What is de-emphasis?

PART B
Short notes on characteristics of receiver?
Explain about the operation of non-coherent detector?
Discuss about DSB SC signal detectors?
Explain the concept of ratio detector with suitable diagram?
Explain the operation of slope detectors?
Briefly explain about foster seeley discriminator?
Explain the functions of TRF receiver with necessary block diagram?
Draw the block diagram of super heterodyne receiver and explain the functions of each
block?
9. Explain in detail about double super heterodyne receiver?
10. Explain the functions of SSB receiver with necessary block diagram?
11. Explain in detail about FM receiver?
12. Write Short notes on AGC circuitry?
13. Discuss about (i) carrier thresholding (ii) capture effect (iii) amplitude limiter in FM
receiver.
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Unit V- NOISE IN ANALOG SYSTEMS

PART A
1. Define noise?
2. What is white noise?
3. What is power spectral density?
4. Write function of Gaussian process?
5. What are the noise parameters?
6. Draw the channel model?
7. Draw the receiver model?
8. What is narrowband noise?
9. Define figure of merit?
10. Define signal to noise ratio?
11. Define lossless channel?
12. Compare the noise performance of AM receiver with that of DSB-SC receiver?
13. Compare the noise performance of AM receiver with FM receiver?
14. Give the representation of narrowband noise in terms of envelope and phase components?
15. Give the representation of narrowband noise in terms of in phase and quadrature
components?

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PART B
Explain in detail about the noise in linear receivers using coherent detection?
Explain in detail about the noise in FM receiver?
Discuss about the noise performance in envelope detector?
Explain in detail about the noise in SSB-SC receivers using coherent detection
Explain in detail about the noise in DSB-SC receivers using coherent detection
Compare the performance of noise in different receivers?