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Operational Research
CM4140
Operational Research
CM4140
Lecturer: M. P. Dhanushika
E-mail: dhanushikam@uom.lk
Available at 2SL10 of the Dept. of CM
Shedule
Tutorials: To be desided
Assesment
Final Evaluation
+
40% Continuous Assessments
80% Attendance
+
40% Continuous Assessments
Seminar
To be decided
Communication
Lecture Notes
Operations Research
Decision Science (s)
Quantitative Methods
Management Science
Research
Operations
Better Solution
Optimal Solution
For a particular problem
The activities carried out in an
organization.
Maximum
production with
lowest cost
Wide variety of
productions
Minimize
unproductive
capital investments
Hire good
labor and
retain it
Profit
(by considering available materials, machines, labor, etc)
Crop yield
( by considering fertilizer, soils, water supply, etc)
Waiting time in queue
(by considering number of counters, speed of the person at counter)
Definitions of OR
Operational Research is a scientific method for providing executive
departments with
Definition as a summery
Application of SCIENTIFIC METHOD
What OR does?
To solve
problems in real world
The development and
application
of mathematical techniques
and models
To produce better quality
decisions
Steps in OR
Real-World
Problem
Implementation
Recognition and
Definition of the
Problem
Interpretation
Validation and
Sensitivity Analysis
of the Model
Formulation and
Construction of the
Mathematical
Model
Solution
of the Model
Processes
Restrictions
Goal
Mathematical Model
Variables
Constraints (equations, inequalities)
Objective function
Model
Linear Programming
Network Analysis
Dynamic Programming
OR Technique
Queuing Theory
Game Theory
Decision Theory
Processes
Restrictions
Goal
Mathematical Model
Variables
Constraints (equations, inequalities)
Objective function
Model
X = Number of handmade greeting cards
Y = Number of wall hangers
X+Y <= 100
X<=75
Y<= 50
Profit = 30X + 150Y
Example 1
The Galaxy Industries Production Problem
Galaxy manufactures two toy doll models: Space Ray & Zapper.
Technological input
Marketing requirement
Total production cannot exceed 700
dozens.
Number of Space Ray dolls & Zapper dolls they have to produce to
24
get maximum profit?
Decisions variables:
X1 = Weekly production level of Space Rays (in dozens)
Objective Function:
Weekly profit, to be maximized
25
26
Protein(g)
Calcium(mg)
Price($)
Chicken
205
32
12
24
Eggs
160
13
54
13
Milk
160
285
Applications of OR
American Airlines
Lines of visitors who await their turn to ride or view the most
popular attractions.
Disney use OR technique to develop an entirely new industry
of waiting line entertainment
to maintain customer satisfaction levels
to enhance the value and excitement of the ride or attraction.
Considering customer behavior and tolerance for waiting in line.