Solutions for improved

Energy Efficiency
Konference Smart Life 2012
Praha, 24. ledna 2012

Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation

Agenda

Setting the Scene

Capacity with less sites and TRXs

Reduce power consumption by SW

Reduce power consumption by modern HW

Site Solutions

Conclusion

Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation

How much is 100W worth?

For example:
1000 BTS
Reduce 100 W at every BTS site
How much money* do you save?

328 / day
9972 / m
119 662 / y

615 296 / 5 y
*0.1366 /kWh, 1,4% inflation rate, 100 W represents 7% of an average BTS power

Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation

3 reasons why energy efficiency matters

Energy efficiency =
OPEX efficiency

In mature markets, up to 10% of NW OPEX is used on energy

In developing markets from 15% to 30% of NW OPEX is used on
energy
Fossil fuel prices remain volatile

Lack of electricity
supply

Grid availability and/or quality is challenging

1.6bn people lack access to grid electricity (off-grid)
An additional 1bn people have unreliable access (bad-grid)

Climate change

Average temperature is increasing annually

CO2 is the second biggest green house gas after methane
Ethical purchasing among consumers becoming mainstream

Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation

CSPs announce environmental targets

Reduce intensity of GHG emissions by 15%, by 2012
By 2020, reduce worldwide CO2 emissions per unit of BTs
contribution to GDP by 80% from 1996 levels
Reduce CO2 emissions for Deutsche Telekom Group by 20% below
2006 levels by 2020
Reduce CO2 emissions for FT Group by 20% below 2006 levels by
2020
30% increase (vs 2007) of the eco-efficiency indicator for 2008: the
objective for 2008 is 1,130 Bit/Joule (the value for 2007 is 873 B/J)
Reduce absolute CO2 emissions by 50% against the 2006/07
footprint baseline, by 2020
Source: GeSI report SMART2020

Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation

CSPs energy is used mostly in the network

Communications Service Providers (CSP)
~ 86% of a CSPs energy is used by the Network

Mast sites
65%

Corporate
sites
Offices,
facilities,
12%
etc. 12%
Retail 1%
Switch sites
21%
Source: ABI Research

Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation

Maintenance
vehicles 1%

How to decrease Radio Network energy consumption?

Consider whole site solution, and network level!
Capacity with less sites & TRXs
Doubled voice capacity with software instead of
additional TRX
OSC, AMR* and DFCA:
50% fewer sites
20-50% less energy

Energy Efficiency SW Solutions

Discontinuous transmission:
stopping transmission during speech pauses
GSM/EDGE:
Switch down TRX
Smart Energy Control Solution

* incl AMR enhancement features

Modern HW
Lowest power consumption BTS
Modern BSC & RNC
High efficiency outdooir rectifiers

Site solutions
Outdoor BTS
6-sector site
RF close to antenna
no feeder losses
No air-conditioning, or use
higher operating temperature
Use renewable energy

Consulting & Managed Services

Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation

Case example:
Western European GSM network
Current Network

Objective

10000 BTS sites, 5 year

old equipment
70/30 split indoor/outdoor
sites
4+4+4 and 2+2+2

Reduce energy
consumption
With existing sites and
hardware

Methods used
Energy consumption
Energy consumption 171
GWh/year
Cost 20.5 M/year

Decrease cooling in
indoor sites high
efficiency outdoor
rectifiers
DTX and night time power
saving features

What does saving 51 GWh energy mean?

26 000 tons less CO2 emissions
5000 households yearly energy consumption
If produced with coal, 6 000 tons coal saved

Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation

Result
51 GWh energy
saving per year
(-30%)

6.1 m / year
decrease in
electricity bill

Agenda

Setting the Scene

Capacity with less sites and TRXs

Reduce power consumption by SW

Reduce power consumption by modern HW

Site Solutions

Conclusion

Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation

Less bits over air less used energy

AMR Half Rate (AMR HR)
Can reduce the amount of bits in voice
call to half
Very powerful way to reduce energy
consumption at big sites
Having same traffic with less TRX HW
Having less active TS at non BCCH
TRX
AMR Full Rate (AMR FR)
Lower BTS output power can be used
because RX quality limits are lower for
AMR FR than for GSM codecs
Enhanced TRX Prioritization in TCH
Allocation
Traffic without AMR support are
allocated to BCCH TRX
Traffic with AMR support are allocated to
non BCCH TRX
Decreases energy consumption as AMR
traffic requires less output power than
regular GSM traffic

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Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation

GSM
Codecs

AMR
FR

Lower BTS
output power

AMR
HR
OSC*

*Orthogonal Sub-Channel

NSN unique OSC-HR solution - Introduction

AMR HR

Half Rate voice codec

Double capacity

OSC-HR

Dual Half Rate voice codes

AMR-HR like MOS quality

MOS vs RX Level
DTX off (=worst case for OSC), sub-urban , 1800MHz

4.2

OSC0
OSC1

AMR FR
AMR HR
OSC DFR
Poly. (OSC DFR)
Poly. (AMR HR)
Poly. (AMR FR)

3.8

MOS

De/Multiplexing

3.6

3.4

3.2

2 users per TSL

4 users per TSL

3
-110

-105

-100

-95

-90

-85

-80

-75

-70

RX Level [dBm]

OSC-HR introduces the concept of Dual Half Rate

Dual Half Rate allows multiplexing of four AMR-HR users to one Timeslot
QPSK in DL formed from Orthogonal Subchannels pairs(OSC0, OSC1)
Every SAIC (DARP Phase 1) GSM handset supports OSC-HR
Double AMR-HR capacity with AMR-HR like quality

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Nokia Siemens Networks

Note: support of Flexi Multiradio BTS and Ultrasite BTS in RG20 EP1

OSC FR provides sufficient capacity post

spectrum re-farming
AMR FR +
OSC FR

Without features, from 2013 onwards, BTS in High-Load areas run out
of capacity. Additional 161 capacity sites need to be built by 2016 to
meet traffic demands.

With features, no additional BTS are needed up to 2016.

12

Nokia Siemens Networks

Activating OSC FR only to ensure 100% FR quality

Assuming AMR and OSC FR licenses are purchased but only OSC FR
is activated, no HR-quality traffic.

Breakeven in 34 months

OSC FR brings 4.55 mio savings in TCO over 5 years.

13

Nokia Siemens Networks

Agenda

Setting the Scene

Capacity with less sites and TRXs

Reduce power consumption by SW

Reduce power consumption by modern HW

Site Solutions

Conclusion

14

Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation

GSM EDGE Energy Efficiency SW Solutions

Fundamentals to optimize the power consumption
PA Shutdown
Radio Channel Allocation
Power Control
Discontinuous Transmission (DTX)
Common BCCH
Single Antenna Interference Cancellation (SAIC)
AMR FR / HR
Further enhancements for energy savings
Energy Saving Mode for BCCH
TRX Automatic Power Down
Energy Optimized TCH allocation
MCPA TX Power pooling
Low Traffic Controlled Disconnect
OSC
Adjustable Intelligent Shutdown

15

Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation

RG

BCCH Energy Saving Mode

Save energy by sending dummy burst at lower power level

Use lower power levels at BCCH TRX
Power level for idle SDCCH and idle TCH channels on TS06 decreased by 2dB
Typical saving 50W per BTS site

BCCH energy saving

Daytime Traffic
Low Traffic
Time (00:00 24:00)

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Nokia Siemens Networks

No energy saving

Feature ID(s): BSS20958

BCCH TRX 2 TRX 3 TRX 4

Saving

BCCH TRX 2 TRX 3 TRX 4

No energy

Traffic [Erlangs or Mbps]

Energy consumption [W]

Saves energy during low traffic

For 4+4+4 GSM BTS the saving is about 7%

BCCH energy saving

Activation of Energy Saving Mode for BCCH

brings great savings

Energy Saving Mode for BCCH brings the following benefits:

501 K energy cost savings over 5 years
Total Net Value 260 K over 5 years
Break even in 20 month

647 MWh - 5% of energy savings per year

Green image
17

Nokia Siemens Networks

Agenda

Setting the Scene

Capacity with less sites and TRXs

Reduce power consumption by SW

Reduce power consumption by modern HW

Site Solutions

Conclusion

18

Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation

Multiradio BTS consumes 70% less power

Minimized impact on power system

Flexi Multiradio BTS consumes

up to 70% less power than
traditional BTS design
No need for additional cooling
Much smaller impact on existing
site power system
Opportunity to downsize power
systems in replacement cases
Possible power system
equipment re-use in new
sites
Lower maintenance cost due
to leaner power system

Power consumption of a complete

GSM & WCDMA BTS site

1470W

>70%
1470W
1500W

2005
traditional
BTS
design

WCDMA
GSM
Multiradio

455 W
800 W

790 W

2008

2010

Measurement conditions:
WCDMA 1+1+1@20W WCDMA BTS HW with 50% load
and 4+4+4GSM (2% blocking, DTX and DPC active)

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Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation

Standalone BSC energy efficiency development

Flexi BSC offers increased energy efficiency
BSC capacity continues to increase while energy consumption decreases
Leading to decreasing energy consumption per TRX

BSC energy efficiency development

Energy consumption per TRX [W]

3.0
2.5
2.0

2.1
1.5

1.9
1.7

1.0

0.9
0.5

0.8

- 30% in average configuration

0
BSC2i

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Nokia Siemens Networks

BSC3i 660

Energy Efficiency Presentation

BSC3i 2000

Flexi BSC

Flexi BSC

mcBSC

RG10

RG20

RG30

Agenda

Setting the Scene

Capacity with less sites and TRXs

Reduce power consumption by SW

Reduce power consumption by modern HW

Site Solutions

Conclusion

21

Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation

Flexi BTS in Mast top or Main-Remote installation

Lowest power consumption with best radio performance
Mast top fully-outdoor
60
0

60

Flexi BTS
1/1/1

Antenna output

60

RF feeder loss

60

BTS RF output
BTS equipment loss

340

400
40

440

AC/DC conversion
loss

53

Total site AC power

Savings
Power consumption in Watt

22

348 W / 44%

Nokia Siemens Networks

415

535

AC power for
aircon

440

120

DC power for BTS

AC power for BTS

0

Housed site with aircondition

Energy Efficiency Presentation

588
200

788

Nokia Siemens Networks Off-Grid Site Solution

CSPs opportunities:
Cover new potential markets in
rural and remote areas

Solar Panel

Wind turbine

Battery

Generator
Green
Energy
Control

Renewable energy sources and green energy control

to manage the site

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Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation

Reduces generator runtime

up to 1/10th (solar hybrid)
Saves up to 20K liters/year
on a typical off grid site
Provides connectivity to
rural/remote areas

Nokia Siemens Networks

Bad-Grid Site Solution
Standby Battery
4hrs

Cycling Battery
12hrs

Legacy

ATS

Modern

Bad
Grid
Module

Rectifier

Green
Energy
Control

BTS / Load
Generator

Rectifier

BTS /
Load

Generator

Fuel saving with smart Bad Grid Module

Reduce back-up generator use by 90%

Depending on grid availability,

AC
Mains

eliminate generator
Virtually no maintenance

Battery
Voltage

Genset
runtime

No Generator
runtime required
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Nokia Siemens Networks

25

Nokia Siemens Networks

Nokia Siemens Networks cares about Energy

Efficiency

26

Energy efficiency matters

In mature markets, up to 10% of NW OPEX is used on

energy
86 % of CSP power consumption used in the network

Nokia Siemens Networks

delivers optimal solution

We are capable to
quantify customers
benefits

Business modelling helps CSP to make the opportunity

assessment
With business modelling CSP understands financial
benefits of technical solution

Nokia Siemens Networks

Modern highly efficient HW

Energy efficiency SW solutions
Capacity with less sites & TRX
Site Solution & use of renewable energy

Energy Efficiency Presentation

Thank you.

27

Nokia Siemens Networks

Energy Efficiency Presentation