IVC Bhadraasana

And The Vedic Nama

A rosetta stone for the indus script.

VIJAYABHAARATI

PREFACE
This work is a sequel to The Aryan Indus script
By this we further confirm
1. The inscriptions carry a language.
2. The language of the IVC script is Bharata(vedic
Sanskrit).
3. It is an Aryan language script.
4. It is not a Dravidian language script.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I am greatly indebted to the works of many scholars and researchers in this

field without whose works this treatise would not have been possible.The
sources for this work is shown in the reference list. I gratefully
acknowledge my thankfulness to those authors and their publishers whose
articles I have used in this work either in whole or in part. Special mention
may be made of Dr.AskoParpola,Dr.I.Mahadevan,Dr.Brian Wells,
Dr.Kalyanaraman,Dr.J.M.Kenoyer, Dr.Subhash C Kak ,Dr.Nupam
Mahajan,Dr.B.B.Lal,Roger D.Woodard,James Prinsep,Lionel D.Barnett ,
Jonathan Slocum and Sara E. Kimball ,Dr. Roy Davies and Glyn Davies , Dr.Colin
Narbeth ,Dr.Marvin A.Powell,Dr.Jimmy Dunn,Dr.T.S.Subramanyan, etc.in this

context. I utilize this opportunity to express my indebtedness to them and

thank them.

Vijaya Bhaarati

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Harappan link
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May 6 2006 |
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Mithram Book Depot,Kottayam,Kerala.
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Educational Services-1991
48.Dawn.com

Rare Indus seal discovered in Cholistan

IVC BHADRAASANA AND THE VEDIC NAMA

There are several logographs/ideograms in the IVC seals indicating

harta(Heb.Heres-the sun,pot)/garta(throne,kalasa/kamsa-pot
,
)/garja(roar)/garuda(kite)/cakra(wheel)/Sakra(Indra,Deodar
tree)/sarpa(snake)/harsha(bristling or
erection)/bhadraasana(buttocks,throne;bhadra=head,bull,elephant,hill,gold,virgi
n,Fig tree,cipher)/paatraasana(paatra-jar,aasanaseat)/simhaasana(throne;simha=lion,tiger)/hamsaasana(ha=sky;hamsa=swan;ka
msa-pot;paatra-jar;patra-wing,leaf,bird;bhadra-king,head,bull)/raajaasana(kings
seat)/aja(king,ram)-aasana/pa(king,leaf,water,lion)aasana/va(lion,hand,water,river)-aasana/panca(five;simha/Leo is the fifth
sign;pa is the fifth note;note the five seats in
H-182/jaghana(buttocks cf.the simha-tiger/tunga-high,noble buttocks of the
deities show the sreshtha-noble,high throne in K-50,K-65 etc.)/
droNa(archer,bow,scorpion,crow cf.the scorpion is the
throne)/druma(tree)/sroNa(buttocks;thus the Fig tree,lion,tiger,bull etc. Indicate
the buttocks and the high throne) throne.Vedic nama/paNa(cf.namastevaNakkam-welcome) is praise.Nama with the bhadraasana indicate praise to the
throne/king.
Praise is prize / price and so is paNa(praise,money)/phaNa(hood of snake
)/paana(jar

;paala-king,baala-girl ;pa-king,aana-face,mouth,nama-

praise,naava-praise)/baaNa(arrow

,naava-praise,naaga-arrow,naaka-sky-the

seat of the sun god and the

king)/naava/nava(boat,praise,crow,nine,new)/vana(water,tree,house)/
nabha (the sky) etc.Karsha is garta.Karsha paNa is garta paNa.Pa/Va
beingbhadra-the king, aasana of pa/va shows bhadraasana.Hence kuupa(well)
=pa(=go-pa/bhuu-pa=king;water,leaf,egg,air)- aasana(seat;the kings well is
given a fig leaf= pa/va shape) phaNa(hood of snake)
vana(tree,house,water) = aasana of pa(leaf,king cf.deities on trees seen in the
seals cf.Fig/big/ bhadra/vata/bataa-big tree;Devadaru/cedar/god tree etc.)
tunga(high)-aasana(seat) simha(va=simha,VaruNa,water;simhasanaga;naga=tree,the sun,hill,snake etc.)-aasana(throne) and vana/druma being
bhadraasana is shown with paNa(praise) of worshippers. Panca is
pa/va(king,lion,bull)-aNca,pa-anj,aasana,amsa etc.Hence paaasana/panca/simha is shown by pa(pa-traleaf)/va/ha on
dhara/bhadra(mountain)

pa(leaf) on amsa(shoulder of man or unicorn) etc.cf.

the amsa-shoulderpanca,bhadraasana),

(pa-leaf on

(pa-paatra-pot/va-patra-bird

on amsa-shoulderpanca), (pa/ha-sky on aasana/amsaseat/shoulderpanca/hamsa/simha),

pa-

aasana(seat)/amsa(shoulder)/dhara(hill,bearer)bhadraasana/panca,
pa(paana/paatra)-aasanabhadra(pa/va)asana/simha(pa/va)asana/panca;
bhadraasana/panca/akshapaada/bhadrapaada/raaja/simha
bhadraasana/panca/paNa(karsha)/nama/daana/raaja(king)/Raama(name).

Let us study the following words

Nam=to bend or bow.In some seals bent limbs /body show nama/paNa cf.the
deity on the potsherd from Tepe Yahya Fig.14.17 page 250 of Dr.Parpolas
Deciphering The Indus Script
with hoofed (ie.bullbhadraasana) and bent(nama/paNa/panca) limbs.

Nama(mana,paNa,vana,paana,vana,nara,rava,sana)
namas=homage,veneration RV.1.189.1
Namo vridha = worshipping,glorifying cf.
note the hasta(hands;ha-sky,staseat,ashta=eight;saashtaanga namaskaara is bending the body in praise) joined
above the bhadra/vrisha/bulls tail which in fact is the bhadra(bull/head) itself as
is done when worshipping a deity by cupping the hands over the bowed
head(bhadra/masta) .

pa

-tra(three) is bhadra(king,gold,auspicious).

Nama=pasture ground(RV.3.39.6) cf.

In fact food is
god and by namat(bending;nam-bend;ad-eat) to eat is worshipping the food
god.A pasture ground is the archetype of an altar for worship.The king is the
sun god. Patra+patra+aasana can be bhadraasana/bhadraasana patra(writ).

Namat=bending,bowing
Namata=bent,crooked,master,lord,actor cf.the Tepe Yahya potsherd lord/deity.
Namas=bow,obeisance
Namaskaara=adoration,homage. Saashtaanga namaskaara
is hasta(hastahands)-anga(body) conjoined namaskaara(homage).Ashtabandhakalasa is
a sacrifice.Hasta(hand) is ashta(eight,asta-home,sunset) and panca(five,vandpraise) itself.Kalasa(pot) is karaja(finger), karsha(paNa),kamsa(pot) etc..
Namasaana=paying obeisance
Namasyaa=reverence,adoration
Namraa =bowed,bent
aNc=to bend, curve,to honour, to request(cf.four dots cf.Malayalam kencuka-to
request).
Panca-five/vand (praise cf.bend) is va-hand,pa-king,aNc-bent.Hence the bent
limbs as in the Tepe Yahya potsherd can indicate Panca.

aNca= curling(of the hairs of the body).Hence the raised hairs in the seals show
aNca/aNc/anj
anj=to honour,celebrate,smear pigment or ointment or holy ash cf.pa-nca ,v-and
in H-182
anjana=a kind of lizard,a serpent,a tree,a mountain,the elephant of the west
anjali=the open hands placed side by side( as if by a beggar to receive food
cf.the fish sign,where the arms form the tail ,the thumbs form the fins and the
palms form the body of the fish;bhuja-hand is fish,hasta-hand is matsa-fish and
masta-head ); reverence;
a libation to the Manes(two hands full of water-udakaanjali); a measure of corn
sufficient to fill both hands when placed side by side,equal to a kudava
Sam=auspiciously,fortunately,well,
Sam-bhara=name of a person
sam tad asmai=that is pleasant to him
samkara=causing prosperity.
Satasa(with,man)-ta(tail)= a hundred cf.

, ,

;svar(the sun,sky)

Aasans-to wish,to praise,to extol etc.

Sam sasaama,sasamaana-to exert oneself in performing ritual acts
etc.cf.sasa(hare) in
some seals.sasa+pa is tapasa(the
sun)/sapta(seven)/sabda(sound)/sapatha(oath)/paNa(pledge)/rava(the
sun,sound).
Sansa(invocation,praise,curse,promise,vow,naraasansa paNa)saaasanasa-sma(face)saamza(shoulder)panca(five)saasana(command,gift)saadhana(thing,sex
organ)
Sapatha=curse,oath;sa-patha(path,aasa-seat;raaja is aasa of ra-fire)=
,

, ,

Nunaavaweapon

,praise,boat

Manu=
pa/patra/bhadra nu/sansa/anc/namo/aksha(eye,five)/netra/nayana(e
ye)paNa/vanda/panca.Sansa is simha and panca(cf.H-182 where sinha and
panca are related).Pa(bhadra/patra-head is a bird with the ears as
wings)ka(head)sa(saras/siras-head) is positioned on amsa(shoulder) as
aasana(seat).Paksha(bird,wing) and uksha(bull) has all this to make panca(five).
Asma (a-sma=face),srii/sa

asmai(to us)/kara/bhara/aja(king),

asmaabhis(with us)/gaNa/paNa/aasa(face,wish),
us)/bhadra/patra /iisa(raaja,srii/sa-king,god)

asmatraa(among

kamsa(hamsa/simha/tunga/vamsa/panca/samsa;ka=pa=sa=ha).Paana(jar) is
ka/pa-aana(face,mouth,nose),pa-aasana like the well and paaNa(karahand).PaaNa is attached to the amza(shoulder). Likewise
,
baaNa(arrow)
is attached to the aasana(bow). Sma(face) is
amza(shoulder)/aasana(seat)/aajna(order).PaaNa on amza and pa/ka
on sma is bhasma,kamsa,simha,hamsa,panca etc.Man smeared with
bhasma(ash) is bha (the sun)-sma(face;the face of the sun god;bhuu-surathe
sun on the earth) or a simha/king/agna(fire/king since ash is the seat of agna-fire
or a Brahman).
asmatranc=turned towards us
Bhasma=pa(king)-amsa(shoulder);bha-sma(face).Even today bhasma/holy ash
is smeared on the face and shoulders preferably hence.
Asmadruh=forming a plot against us,inimical to us
Asmadryanc=turned towards us
Asmaaka=our,ours
Asmi= i am

Sa + u-pa=subha(auspicious)siva(auspicious)sava(a
corpse)zava(sacrifice)japa(prayer)tapa(penance)
Ancala=border cf.pancaalapa(king)-ancala(border=dominion)
Ansa=share cf.pancapa(king)-ansa(sharelions share)
Ansa=shoulder,corner of a rectangle

,ha(sky) symbols show ansa

ansa-bhaara/anse-bhaarika=bearing a burden on the shoulder

paarthaking,haatra-wages,maatra-measure,netraeye,king,sacrifice;maashaka(weight),SuvarNa(paNa),Raaja bhaara(kings
weight),naasika(nose),kshapaa(day),Maadhava( a name),Bhaargava(a
name),Gopaala( a name),Kubera(a name) etc.
Pa-nca maasha(weight)/medha(sacrifice)/bhaara(weight) or Simhanaada(a
name) is probable.
Pancaala=pa(va-lion)-ancala(border)=kings border.Panca aala as in H-182 may
denote Pancaala also.
PaNa(sound,price,praise,barter,money) is rava (sound,the sun) or svar(the
sun,sound).
In H-182 Va(simha)paNa(drum)paNava(drum)/vipaNa(sale)/Simhanaada(sound of a lion, a name
garja-roargarta-thronekarshaharta-the sun).
Drona(archer,bow,scorpion)sroNa(buttocks)druma(tree)mudra(dance,scr
ipt)dharma(right,
duty)throne .Dharma cakra /sakra druma/ cakra-star on druma etc.indicate
cakra/sakra/raaja dharma itself. Drumadharma + cakra(star)dharma
cakra/bhadraasana( from patraasana.star is bhadra.)
Vanita(woman)-vanija(trader)-vanika-vana-phanija-panita-panca(five)
Kuberacopper go-pertamrafishajaayas4dotsa/ma
nayana(eye)=naanya=maanya=na-yama=two cipher

,naama,paala,naaga,ganana,bhadrapaada,akshapaada,naaraayaNa,bhadraasana.
Akshapaada(four dots,two aksha- wheels or eyes,a name) is paNa/namaobeisance as the aksha- eyes are fixed on the paada-feet by bowing the head.
naga/gaNa/bhaga/daksha/paNca,
kara/paNa/nama,
Na;paNca(five)/savana(sacrifice),paNa+aya(four)

sa-var-

muulya/maanya(price),paNya(buying or
selling),yajna(sacrifice),aasana(bhadraasana-each dot is a
bhadra);mastaasana(man standing on head);yaacana(begging,hence beggars put
four dots on their bowls as a mark of good luck or sana/yaacana).
maapaNa-scale,measurevaahana(bearer),Vaasava( a
name),yaacana(begging),paavana(divine),bhaavana(imagination)
aasana(seat,throne)aja(ram,king)-na(like,bond)
pa-tra(bird)+vaara(tail)viira
bhadra,paata(fall)/paada(foot,1/4)/paatha(path)/data(donor)
pa-tra(leaf)pa-aa-sa-na(throne)/pa-dhara(throne)/paanca(five)/deva(god)/daava(fire)/laabha(gain)

dharatra

traya=drava=srava=sarpa=talpa=sarva=haatra

dhandapaaNi

nca,

paana,paNa,bhaga,daana(gift),raaja(king),bhadraasana,sansa,pa

maana/maapa(measure),bhaaga(part), ,daana(gift),paNa

raaja(king),paNa

pa(leaf,kingka-head,king)-amsa-la=pancaala,nri-pa(king),panca(five),bhadraasana(bhadra-head,patra-leaf,gaatra-sariira-dehaaasana),bhaga,deva
nama/savapaNa(barter,praise,price)/nripa(king)/pala(weight)/gana(count)/nama(obeisance)
vrishabha(bull)/na-ri-pa(king)/va-ru-Na/ka-vaca,kosa/gopa(king) ,karsha
paNa(cf. vana-water)
bhadra/dhara,
,daatra/patra
patra,daatra
,
vaara(roof,cup,tail)+bhadraviira bhadra;sa(bird)-var(the sun),Sabara(a name)
paasanabhadraasanabhaashana/panca/subhadra(auspicious)paana(ja
r)
Aya=going,a kind of sacrifice,a die ,the number four,good luck,favourable
fortune etc.
Pa=drinking;guarding,protecting,the fifth note,wind,aleaf,king,water
Pat=to be master,reign,rule,govern,control,possess,to fly,soar
Bha=sukra(venus),semblance,beam of light,lustre,a star,a bee,a planet,
Va=air,wind,the arm ,

,VaruNa,river,water

,reverence,addressing;auspiciousness, a dwelling

-vana/paNa-house

,a

tiger
(with the na-bands on the body it becomes
vana/paNa.Hence sinha-tigers are naga-trees/the sun,snake,hill
etc.,cloth,going,an arrow
man lion)

,weaving

,weaver,string,powerful(cf.narasinha-

Na=identical ,empty,band,fetter,jewel,pearl,war,gift,welfare,the navel

,knowledge,no,nor,neither,
Bhavana=house;bha(star)-vana(water,tree,house);bhuvana bha on vana/baaNa

Indicate bhavana/bhuvana/dharma cakra/raaja mudra.

Nabha=sky,atmosphere;na(seat cf.aasa-na;na-aasa,nasa/aja/king;bhadraasanapa+pa+napaana/jar
pa(king,va-tiger)aana(face)paNa/coin with face of king/lion(deo=leo=rava-the sun cf.panca
mukha/simha mukha), praising the king and carrying the price fixed by the
king)-bha(star).
Vana=tree,water,house;va(tiger)-na(seat);pavana(wind,pa-wind,vanatree,house,water)

etc.Vana is na- va/pa.

Nava=new,nine;na(seat)-va/pa(king,lion)nabha-the sky,the seat of the sun

god.
Ma=time,measure,the fourth note(madhyama-middle),the
moon,Brahma,Yama,Lakshmi,mother,authority,light,binding,fettering,death, a
womans waist;happiness,welfare,water.ma ayanama,yama,maya.
Ha=Siva,water, a cipher,meditation,auspiciousness,sky,heaven,blood,dying,the
moon,horripilation(harsha),war,battle, a horse,a
physician,laughter,coition,pleasure, a weapon, the sparkling of a
gem,calling,abandoning,killing,destroying
paN+ aya=paNya,dhan+aya=dhanya,sur+aya=suurya ;traya,ja-aya etc.
paN/vaN=to sound;to praise,to honour;to barter or buy;to bet;to win anything
etc.
paNa=play,gaming,betting;agreement,treaty;wages,reward; a commodity for
sale,price,property,wealth;business;a house;the sun;a weight of copper used as a
coin(20 maasha=4kaakini);a particular measure(a handful)
paNakaala=time for playing
paNakriita=received as reward
paNagranthi=a market
paNataa/paNatva=the condition of a pledge or stake;price,value
paNa bandha=making a treaty
paNa sundarii/paNa strii/paNa anganaa/paNa yoshaa=a prostitute
paNaarpaNa=making a contract or agreement
paNaasthi/paNaasthika=Cyprea Moneta,a cowrie
panana=purchasing,;selling,sale;betting
paNaniiya=to be laid as a wager
paNayitri=aseller
paNasa=acommodity for sale

paNasya=to honour
paNaaya=to sell
paNaayaa = business,a marketplace
paNaayita=praised
paNi=a bargainer
paNita=praised,transacted in business,betted,one who has betted
paNitri=atrader or seller
paNya=to be praised,bought or sold;an article of trade;trade,business
paNyajana= a trader
paNyataa= an article of trade
paNyadaasii= a hired maid servant
paNyapati= a large trader or great merchant
paNyaphalatva=profit in trade
paNyabhuumi= a ware house
paNya muulya=the price of a commodity
paNavikraya=trade
paNasaalaa= a market place
paNa homa= a sacrifice consisting of wares
paNyaajira=a market
paNyaajiiva = a trader
paNyaarha=fit for sale
paNava=a small drum
sana=gain,acquisition cf.sanaatana(eternal;sana-aasana/yaacana-begging)
sani=gain,acquisition
saptasrii=saptarshi;srii=rishi=naada=raaja

Let us examine the Inscription in seal 2119 Figure 7.8 (e) on Dr.Parpolas
Deciphering the Indus script(1994/2000)

nripa/nrita/paartha(vaara;paana=vaara=ta=tail;bhadra has a
tail),vrita/varsha(dominion,realm,command,ordinance,solemn vow,austerity
cf.nripa-king,vrisha-bull,bhadra-bull,king),namo
vridha(worshipping,glorifying),panca

bhadra,bhadraasana

va/ca/na/naaga/gaja/aksha
ya/aya/aa/ga ra
na/a/bha
na/a/bha
Aaraadhana=worship,adoration,propitiation of deities
Naaraasansa=a hymn of praise,Name of a soma libation,legend in honour of
great men
Naaraasansa pankti(cf.H-182)=sacrifice performed with five soma libations.
NaaraayaNa(aaraadhana personified)man,Kaasyapa/Angiras,the Purusha
hymn(RV 10,90),
VishNu,the letter aa,a son of Ajaa-mila,a son of Bhuu-mitra,a son of Nara-hari
etc.
Paarthiva(king)NaaraayaNa Bhaargava
karagaNakalagajaagna(fire)paNa(karsha).Kara is
va.Vaara(roof,tail,paana-cup) shows ta(tail),vri(cover).
Hence
vrita(dominion)/panca(penta)/vanda(praise)/pada(cf.bhadra pada /namovridha)
indicated.
Bhaargava(NaaraayaNa,bhadraasana-throne,naaraaca-gold smiths scales)
bhadra(king,kings stone) vrita(dominion)/panca(five)/vand(praise).
Vrisha(bull) indicate vrita(dominion).The bhadra/vrisha/vrita/varsha
naaga(unicorn-bull elephant ) indicate Bharata raaja/vrita(king Bharata /king
of the Bharatas or their dominion.).Bhadra(elephant-big,Vata-bataa-big,Fig)
naaga (elephant)/naga(tree) are similar in having the trunk on the head(bhadra)
or the leaf(patra) like the sikha/saakha(head tail) of a Bharata Brahmana. Two
elephants are conjoined to a Fig(big/bataa) tree in a
seal..Bhadraasana(throne) symbols with nama(pastureground) indicate
nama(praise) of the king/throne.
THE DHOLAVIRA SIGN BOARD

sa

naa ta,ra

na/kri

pa/sa

na

bhadra

aasa/iisa

na
Sa-na-na-ta-na(sanaatana-eternal) paNa(praise) bhadra-aasa-na(royal
throne).
Sanna(sunk down,perished) / Krishna bhadraasana,

If this assumption is correct,Dholavira was Srii Krishnas Dwaraka that

was devoured by the sea as stated in the Mahabharata.
BHADRAASANA ON IVC TABLETS
Hoofed legs=bhadrapaada/bhadraasana.
Praising(paNa) tree(vana/satya/sasya/sa)=satyaapana=ratification of a bargain
Dancing(nrit) on tree(sasya/satya)=satyaanrita=trade,commerce
srii-mudra=dharma-cakra=raaja mudra=mrita-cakra=holy cross
bhadra=aasana same as in unicorn bhadraasana/paatra aasana .
tree=bhadraasana,druma=sroNa=tree
tiger=sinha=sa-naga(tree,sun).
Sinhaasana=aasana on pillar=aasana on toe=aasana on lion=aasana on
hoof=aasana on tree=aasana on mountain=aasana on snake =aasana in the
tree=aasana in the sky=pa-aasana=panca(the sky is the fifth direction where the
sun god is seated)=vanda=bandha=sandha
Star(srii)+ tree(mudra) = dharma cakra = srii mudra=crucifixion
Udaya(sunrise)=ahas(day-that which protects cf.saviour)=u-taya(protection)

= pa/ka/satra=karsha/patra/sarva/drava/paatra/netra/mudra/indra/trisira/sriidhara/kaasara
/kesara/garta/gaatra/vaasara/maatara/sattra/bhadra/trimaatara/tri-paada-ra
taruNa=sroNa=aasana=naasa=naaga=kanaa=naaka(aasana of the sun/king)
vriksha is vri-gaja and patra(leaf) is pa-dhara
maashaka =maadhava ka=va=pa=sa
Bhaara-ga-va
Srii(pa) hari (na) mukha/paada mudra/mukha/sura/suta=face=mu/nusira=druma=sroNa=druma=drona=mudra=taruna=maruta=druma=mrita=
aasa=srii=cross=raa=rii=ii=iisana=sankara=sa-nakra
simha/tunga paatra/sarpa/drona/srona/jankha/sankha/jaghana/sinha/sa-nakha/sanaaka/s-neha
paatra=drona=druma=srona=sarpa=seat of vishnu
srii cakra=srii mudra=dharma cakra=srii
mudra=snake+cross+mudra/cakra=saptarsha=sapta srii
srii+hari+mudra(druma/mukha/fish) nama/pana
sumerian pana=mukha=mudra=rudra=mitra of mitannis

Harappa.com
Bird(sa/va) symbols at the head(bhadra) end can denote
Bharata,bhadra,patra,varta(trade) , vrata(dominion),srava(ear
is mudra/droNa/sroNa(throne)/draviNa/saravaNa/aasana/
Dharma/netra .

) etc.Druma

Naama(name,gift) is maana(measure)/samsa(praise).

karsha/hariNa/nripa

srii/tra/aasana

paNa/draviNa.

Note the pa(leaf,king) mark on the amsa(shoulder)/aasana(shoulder) of the

bhadra naaga(unicorn,Bharata raaja vrita) to make panca(five).

asana is bhadraasana/bharata-aasana. sa-mudra-naama/naaga/raajaSamudra(srii mudra= dharma cakra=druma) naama-nripa-aasana
paNa/draviNa.

Rare Indus seal discovered in Cholistan

http://dawn.com/

paatra-

Vaara(tail,cup,times,ta) is paana(cup) ,paaNa(kara) , paNa(money,praise)

and viira(king,hero cf.viira raaya faNa of Kerala).Vaara with the sa(cross) is
varsha,vrisha and karsha.The aasana(amza) has the patra(bhadra,Bharata)
mark as with the unicorn.
Karsha is denoted by garja(roargaja, tiger,lion,snake,gharial),
vrisha(bull,buffalo),vriksha(tree,asvattha,palm,saal etc.
harsha(rising hair,sex organs,hands,feet ) etc. Trees are
patraasana and bhadraasana,.
Sa+u+vaara+na=suvarNa/svarNa.

M-649
Bhadra(pa/ca)+
bhadraasana/viira bhadra = panca(five).

m272
,na

aasana(vaara-tail)

sa/pa,aja(king,ram)+vaara-tail+

viira bhadra paNa

bhadra=0, naaga=8=bharata raaja =80

aksha/bhadra, paNa

m269a
viira/vaara/paana/paNa/srii
bhadra/panca/bharata
bhadraaaasana/pa-aasana=panca(five) /paNaviira bhadra paNa /bhaarata
varsha paNa

m243a

m224

paNa bhadra naaga mudra

panca (5)

karsha/paNa/pala/bali/savana.

Savana is panca.Hence panca mahaa sa-vana(yaaga-sacrifice) is there.

Compare this with

paNa/karsha/varsha/sa-ttra(sacrifice) which also is shown with counts.

Similarly we have

m215

3/srii

bhaara(Vishnu,weight)/vaaha(weight)/

maasha(weight)/mesha(aja-ram)/medha(sacrifice)/ maasa(month)/
samaa(year,cf.tulasama=equal)
From this we have

where the head(pa/paala,aasa) is replaced by

(paana/aja;baaNa/praasa) to give vi/ pa resulting in

vivaaha(marriage)/vibhaaga(division)/maadhava(spring,a name)/samaapa(sacrifice).Hence
the numerals accompanying these can indicate count of sacrifices/years.

m180a
patra,bhadra/panca
naaga/viira/aasa/aja/medha/maasha
=bhadra naaaga/aasanabharata raaja/panca mukha/panca makha(sacrifice).
Panca naaga/raaja/paPaandava of the Mahaabhaarata.

m178

shat

paNa/karsha/varsha/sattra

m179

paNa /karsha/varsha/sattra.

m173

m217

bhadraasana

nama

bhadra

naaga

m178

shat

paNa/karsaha/indra/mudra m179

paNa

m088a

m1493b

m1444b

m1412b

m1206a

paNa/namahai

bhadra,patra

aasana

sasa/saasa nama

aasana

bhadra=bhadraasana

paNa(bali)/druma/mudra/bhadraasana/sarpaasana

dava

yaa=yaadava

m1186

svarNa

patra,bhadra

aasana

aasana in paatra(jar) with patra(leaf) paatraasana+patraasana

bhadraasana, paNa(paana)

karshapaNa

patra,bhadra,bharata

sapta angana sapta(seven,sabda-sound/count,sapatha-promise)

ankana/bhadra/kanaa

m1181

karsha/mudra/indra/netra

suvarNa

The hoofed seat is bhadraasana.

m1170a

m1168

ka/bha-tra= karsha (kiriita-crown,garta-throne).

bhadra

naaga=viirabhadra

m1118
bhadraasana/
nama/paNa/raaja(king)/iisa(lord)/aja(king)/subha(auspicious)/vasu(gold)

L051a

bhadra(bull)asana paNa/nama. Look at the head of the bhadra

formed by the pegs to show bhadraasana.

bhadraasana

bharma/svarNa

nama/paNa.

L099

bhadraaasana(cf. = bhadra)

L069

k065a

paNa cf.L051a

srii

bhadraasana/simhaasana(tiger seat) three

paNa(vana) /draviNa(gold) .Sa

formed by the kara paaNa/baaNa of the
fighters(san-gharsha) indicate karshaPaNa.

K053

bhadraasana (panca-5)

k049
Karsha(tiger) paNa(vana) bhadraasana(seat on patra)
karsha(raised hand). Dasa raaja simhaasana/sroNa mudra.

jk001
gaja-aksha;garja-karsha-garta;naaga-ashta-hema;pasu-vasuashta;bhadra-king,gold,auspicious;karabha(paNa,bharga,arka)kara(tax)-

pa(king) h742b

h737a

paatraasana-bhadraasana.

vana-paNa-bali/druma/mudra/marut/sroNa/srii/druu

h094
karsha paNa (the hand is made paNa
with the tiger-garja makes it karsha paNa.

h046
/sena/naasa
karsha,bhadra,mu

paNa/nama /maa(cf.maa-pana)

paNa ,naaga(cf.

paNa,bhaaga,vasu,visva,kha
mukha

bhadraasana

paN+
ca+ kar/paN/var/bhadra+
karsha/varsha/panca or panca viira bhadra

.A paatra-paana

aasa/aasana

)
paNapanca/raaja

viira/sapanca

If we compare h046 with h094 ,m180a etc.we can see that

=panca(five,bhadraasana-throne)

=tiger=karsha/garja/varsha/simha

Jar at bottom=
paana/droNa/paNa(praise,money,weight)/paala(king)
paNa/nama/mah/vrita/maa/bhadra/SaravaNa(sara/sira+paNa)
aasa(ca) cf.mah+aasa/iisa=mahesa.
kara,bhadra,paNa,la,na,ma
mesha(ram)/maasha(weight)/naasa(nose
cf.nose
money)/paNa/naava/nama,naaga(king),aasya(of),iisa(king),aja(king),sa(god),ha
panca karsha(varsha,vrisha)/pancaalasya/pancaloha/ panca maasa or
maasha/bhaaskara aja/bhaaskarasya etc.Sumerian paNa(face) is aasya(face) of
Bharatabhadraasana paNa/nama.

The circle is bhadra(bull,king,head,gold).The elephant is

garja/karsha/bhadra naaga. Bhadra naaga is bull elephant/unicorn.It is Bharata
raaja.Tiger is va/pa .The two tigers make simhaasana(royal throne).Bhadra
naaga paNa/nama.
Pa/va+pa/va=paNa/paana =

with sa(human)=panca(five)/savana(sacrifice).

h009a
paNasvar-Na.

sapta(seven)

paNa,na sapta(7,sabdasvar)

or sapta mina/maana(measure).

dmd003

Dmd001a

kara-sa(aksha,karsha,cakra,Sakra)

pa/ sa(karsha,cakra,aksha,vakra,Sakra,Sagara),paNa/nama

DroNa(scorpion-throne,sroNabuttocks),druma(tree),hamsa(swan)/simha(lion)/panca(five cf.ha=pa,hasta-fist)
all indicate tunga(the high/the sky).

Asokas Dharma cakra /srii cakra/Dharma Raaja/raaja dharma/raaja mudra/raaja

mukha(face;mu-dra or mu-sira/head is mu-kha/ka-head).Mukha
(face,Sumerian paNa-face) is makha(yaaga-sacrifice,naava/paNa-praise).Mukha
is sukha(well),ukha(pot) and su(good)-kha(sun),ka(head,light,water).Mukha is
aaza(mouth) and aasa is wish.PaNa is bali(sacrifice).

hamsaasana.Hamsa is ha(sky)amsa(part)/shoulder=panca(the fifth direction.Leo(fifth sign) is Deo(deva-god).

bhadraasana.

The bull-tiger is viirabhadra.

bhadra /mudra

naaga/raaja/naama/aasana/mukha/aasya/saya/asya(s)
Viirabhadra bhadra aasana/aasya/mukha viira bhadra bhadrasya(kings)
Viira bhadra Panca maasha(naasa-nose,chinese nose money).
Cowries were counted by fives or by eights
.Naaga=kanaa=gaNana=panca/ashta

h147a

pa

Na

tri - a trader,seller;

paNa(praise)

Indra,netra(king).

k-50
catur(4)
satra(sacrifice)/karsha/paNa/bhuja.Caturbhuja(four armed)
is Vishnu/Krishna.PaNa(money) is pa/bha and Vishnu.Money is king,sun and god.

It is of Ceasar-the king of the earth and of the sun god-the king of the heavens.

AsvatthaFig tree is big/bataa(Hindi-big)/vata. Asva(avasa-the

sun,king) is bhadra(vata).Hence bulls(asva) were tied to it/rested under it to
give it the name .Tamil/Malayalam Aala(Fig-big) maram(tree) is
yaanai/aana(elephant) maram(tree).
Vata is bhadra(bataa-elephantine-big-Fig) like the bataa-big elephant.
Vriksha is vri-gaja(garja-elephant,garta-throne,patraasana-tree is bhadraasanathrone-sroNa-druma).Gaja-garja-karsha.Pana is shown by the baaNa

(arrow)on the vana (tree)like the

paatra(paana)asana
The leaf of asvatha is unicorn like with the tail& trunk to make vaara/viira
patra/bhadra.

Bhadra,panca,mudra
aasa/pa
na
Pancaala-a kingdom/pancaasatfifty/bhadraasana-throne/nishkarsha-commandpancaasat paNa

mudra/bhadraasana pancaasat/Pancaala etc.Bhadra(circle,king) being

panca(five) pancaara(five spoked wheel) is the kings cakra/mudra.

patra/bhadra/pa
aasana/saya/ca
patra/bhadra/pabhadraasana(throne)/bhadrasya(king
s),panca(five).B`hadra is panca/simha.Bhadraasana is slso sa(god)asana(seat),saasana(gift,command) etc.Savana

+savana+aasana=saasana.

netra(Indra,bhadra,bhaarata,srii,raaja,nee,bhaa)-king,eye,sacrifice

-druu,tra,srii,rata

kri,vri,kar,var,pra

nama,paNa,shna,sta,tra,sara,vrita,varsha,sana

=Indra

prastha=Indraprastha,the city of the Pandavas.

The hare grazing pasture ground is nama(praise).

Hence we have bhadraasana(throne) netra/srii srii/raaja raaja/Bhaarata(king)
KrishNa/vritra(Indra)/vrita/varsha(dominion)
/Indraprastha/nama(praise)/paNa(praise,money,bond).
Bhadraasana netra srii krishNa nama indicate praise to the throne of Srii KrisNa.
Alternately it can be saasana(gift) of nama(pasture ground) made by the king Srii KrishNa.

Obviously a great length of research is still required to read the inscriptions

fully.The Dholavira signboard is closely related to this.The relation of
KrishNa to the Pandavas is well known from the Mahabhaarata.