Name of members:

ABDUL RAHIM BIN JAAFAR

- 2011617408

MOHD RAIHAN BIN JAMIRAN

- 2011254144

SITI NURDIANA BINTI ARIFFIN

- 2011418788

MOHD RIZAL HADI BIN RUSLI

- 2011675926

GROUP : ERPJ4A

Title of Article:

Influence of the type of undertrousers and physical activity on scrotal temperature

Author:

A.Jung1, F.Leonhardt, W.-B.Schill and H.-C.Schuppe

Center of Dermatology and Andrology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, D-35392 Giessen,
Germany

Journal Title and Vol No : Human Reproduction Vol.20, No.4 pp. 10221027, 2005

Date of submission: 22 July 2004

My review

The journal was written by three authors were named A.Jung1, F.Leonhardt, W., and H.C.Schuppe B.Schill. They were lectured at the Center of Dermatology and Andrology, Justus
Liebig University Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. The purpose of this study is to find and
set up to assess the influence undertrouser and physical activity on scrotal temperature. This
article was written based on the research that has been made and it has been driven by the fact
that testicular stress can reduce semen quality. In addition, the author felt that physical activities
also influenced the scrotal temperature during the daily life. There were also types of underwear
identified that affected to the genital heat stress. There were 50 people involved in this study and
they were volunteers without infertility and normal andrological examination. There were three
types of tests were carried out on volunteers and the test is carried out on the same day and place.

What are the key points in this article?

In this article, the authors have found that people who were wearing different
understrouser or doing different physical activities will produce the different result on the scrotal
temperature. Based on the studies that have been made previously, the testicular heat impairs
semen quality. Based on studies that have been made previously made, heat stress impairs testicular
semen quality. There are three tests were conducted on the volunteer who were wearing different

clothes that could have an impact on scrotal temperature. The author has focused on the effects
of scrotal heating on the quality of semen. It is based on studies that have been done before. It
shown that spermatocytes, requires an appropriate temperature of at least 1-2 degrees Celsius
lower than the core temperature of the body. As the influence of wearing underwear and physical
activity was still in debating by several parties who involved in this field so the author had been
doing this study in cooperate with the volunteers who have been selected.

What did I find striking or interesting about these key points?

I am very impressed with the fact that the assessment of the influence genital heat stress
factor can be done dynamically. It was shown in this study which the study was conducted in the
suitable room as well as the using of high technology instruments. Then, it was a well hypothesis
result obtained based on the study. The movement of the body caused the extra heat of scrotal
compared to sitting on the chair. Based on the fact, a lot of movement requires more calories to
be burned. Furthermore, it had resulted increasing of body temperature and make the people
sweating easily.

Then, the previous study shown the fact that classification of sitting period during work
or leisure was achieved using questionnaire and not connected a movement sensor to data
recorder. Therefore, the writers believed that they should run a new test to obtain the accurate
data of the influence of physical activities on scrotal temperature. At the same time, the authors
wanted to re-evaluate the previous data obtained by Hjollund et al ( 2002B ). I was impressed
with the materials and method used in the study. There were 50 volunteers selected to involve in
the study. Some of the material used were the high technology equipment and helped to obtain
accurate data.

How relevant are the key points to my role as a teacher?

As a teacher we found that the wearing of appropriate clothes is important in doing

physical activities. We reminded the students to wear appropriate while doing physical activities.
For example, the students need to wear loose pant or track suit in playing football or netball to
avoid injuries. During the activity in pool, the students should wear comfortable clothing such as
tight and swimsuit and swimming trunks as they will free to move in the water.

Testicular and scrotal were the part of the human body. We realized that the parts were
important for human especially for sex and excretion. As a teacher, we should remind the
students to keep healthy and keep private of the scrotal. There was a topic in Pendidikan
Kesihatan Year 3. The topic was about the parts of sex organ for the children. It could help the
teacher in teaching the topic.

What do I agree or disagree with in this article?

We strongly agree with the studies which had shown that wearing tight clothing could
cause the scrotal temperature increased. We also agree with the author where the some activities
such as walking and running could increase the scrotal temperature as well. The author
mentioned that some activities may cause risk for the quality of semen. We agreed that the good
temperature of the scrotal will ensure the good semen as mentioned by the author.

How specifically will I be able to use the information and knowledge to improve or enhance
my teaching and learning in terms of approaches, strategies, methods or techniques?

We believe that the methods used in obtaining the results were great. An early
preparation was done by the authors in conducting the study. We also found that the study was
undertaken to produce a result that was more accurate than previous studies. In applying this
method of study on teaching and learning in the classroom, we need to do early preparation. We
need to plan our lesson in order to achieve the objective of the lesson. Then, the appropriate
teaching aids should be used during the activities in the classroom. If the lesson implemented out
of the class, we should remind the students of the safety in the learning area or field.

Conclusion

As teachers we should be concerned about the safety of the students their privacy. They
need to be exposed to the importance of protecting their privacy. In addition, the findings of this
study can also be used as a reference in the future. We have realized that the importance of the
human scrotum and the effect of the heat to the scrotal. Therefore, teacher should share this
information to the students as a general knowledge in future.

THE ORIGINAL ARTICLE