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Timeline of Indian history

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This is a timeline of Indian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and
political events in India and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events,
see History of India. See also the list of Governors-General of India, list of Prime Ministers of
India and Years in India.
This is an incomplete list that may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness.
You can help by expanding it with entries that are reliably sourced.
500th BCE 9th BCE 5th BCE 4th BCE 3rd BCE 2nd BCE 1st BCE 1st 2nd
Millennia
3rd
5000th 90th 75th 70th 45th 43rd 40th 37th 35th 34th 33rd 32nd
31st 30th 29th 28th 27th 26th 25th 24th 23rd 22nd 21st 20th
BC
19th 18th 17th 16th 15th 14th 13th 12th 11th 10th 9th 8th 7th
Centuries
6th 5th 5th 4th 3rd 2nd 1st
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th
AD
15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th 21st

Pre 90th century BC

Year
Date
Event
2,000,000
A skull fragment found in Hathnora in the Narmada Valley in central India
- 100,000
indicate that India might have been inhabited in the Middle Pleistocene era
BC
around 250,000 years ago. Anek R. Sankhyan describes it as "debated and
conveniently interpreted as evolved Homo erectus or archaic.[1] Tools
crafted by proto-humans that have been dated back two million years have

been discovered in the northwestern part of the subcontinent.[2][3] The earliest

archaeological site in the subcontinent is the palaeolithic hominid site in the
Soan River valley.[4] Soanian sites are found in the Sivalik region across what
are now India, Pakistan, and Nepal.[5][6][7]
Some of the Bhimbetka shelters were inhabited by Homo erectus more than
100,000 years ago.[8][9]

90th century BC
Year
9000
BC

Date

Event
Early Neolithic culture with first confirmed semi permanent settlements
appeared 9,000 years ago in the Bhimbetka rock shelters in modern Madhya
Pradesh, India. Some of the Stone Age rock paintings found among the
Bhimbetka rock shelters are approximately 30,000 years old.[10]
The ancient history of the region includes some of South Asia's oldest
settlements[11] and some of its major civilisations.[12][13]

75th century BC
Year

Date

7500
BC

Event
Early Neolithic culture begins in the Indian Subcontinent in Bhirrana in
Haryana.

70th century BC
Year
7000
BC

Date

Event
Later Neolithic culture begins in Mehrgarh currently in Balochistan, Pakistan.

40th century BC
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (January 2014)

37th century BC
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (January 2014)

35th century BC

Year
3300
BC

Date

Event
Ivan Daniel D. Rollan phase of the Indus Valley Civilization begins. The
civilization used an early form of the Indus signs, the so-called Indus script.

27th century BC
Year

Date

2600
BC

2600
BC
2700
BC
2900
BC
2334
BC

Event
The cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro become large metropolises and the
civilization expands to over 2,500 cities and settlements across the whole of
Pakistan, much of northern India, and parts of Afghanistan and Iran, covering a
region of around one million square miles, which was larger than the land area of
its contemporaries Egypt and Mesopotamia combined, and also had superior
urban planning and sewage systems. The civilization began using the mature
Indus script for its writing system.
End of the Early Dynastic II Period and the beginning of the Early Dynastic IIIa
Period in Mesopotamia.
Mesoamericans begin to plant and domesticate corn.

Mesopotamian wars of the Early Dynastic period.

26th century BC
Year

Date

2600
BC

Event
Mature Harappan phase of the Indus Valley Civilization begins. The cities of
Harappa, Lothal, Kalibangan, Dholavira, Rakhigarhi and Mohenjo-daro become
large metropolises and the civilization expands to over 2,500 cities and
settlements. The civilization began using the mature Indus script

25th century BC
Year
2500
BC

Date

Event
Dravidian Civilization begins in South India.

24th century BC
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (March 2012)

23rd century BC
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (March 2012)

22nd century BC
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (March 2012)

19th century BC
Year
1900
BC

Date

Event
Late Harappan Phase of the Indus Valley Civilization begins, including
Cemetery H culture and other cultures.

18th century BC
Year
1800
BC
1750
BC

Date

Event
Iron Age in India.
Nomadic shepherds, the Aryans, enter India from Central Asia and the Russian
steppes.

17th century BC
Year
1700
BC

Date

Event
Indus Valley Civilization comes to an end but is continued by the Cemetery H
culture.

16th century BC
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (March 2012)

15th century BC
Year
1500
BC

Date

Event
Early Vedic Period (to 1000 BC)

13th century BC
Year
1300
BC

Date

Event
Cemetery H culture comes to an end

12th century BC
Year
1200
BC

Date

Event
Rigveda (to 1000 BC)

11th century BC
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (March 2012)

10th century BC
Year
1000
BC

Date

910
BC

Event
Middle and Late Vedic period (to 500 BC)
Iron Age India
Iron Age kingdoms rule India Panchala, Kuru, Kosala, Videha.
Yajnavalkya writes the Shatapatha Brahmana, in which he describes the motions
of the sun and the moon.

9th century BC
Year
877
BC

Date

Event
Birth of Parsvanatha, 23rd Jain Tirthankara (traditional date)

8th century BC
Year
777
BC

Date

Event
Nirvana of Parsvanatha 23rd Jain Tirthankara

7th century BC

Year
700
BC

Date

Event
The Upanishads, a sacred text of Hinduism, are written.

6th century BC
Year
600
BC

Date

539
BC
563
BC
538
BC
527
BC

Event
Sixteen Maha Janapadas ("Great Realms" or "Great Kingdoms") emerge.
Vedic End of vedic period.
Mahavira, 24th Tirthankar of Jainism is born (traditional date).
Siddhrtha Gautama, Buddha-to-be, is born in Lumbini into a leading royal
family in the republic of the Shakyas, which is now part of Nepal.
Cyrus the Great, founder of the Persian Achaemenid Empire conquers
northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent.
Nirvana of Mahavira

5th century BC
Year
483
BC

Date

Event
Proposed Mahaparinirvana date of Gautama Buddha.

4th century BC
Year
400
BC
350
BC
333
BC
326
BC
321
BC

Date

Event
Siddharta Gautama 'Buddha' of the Shakya polity in S. Nepal, founds Buddhism
(older date: 563483 BC)
Panini, a resident of Gandhara, describes the grammar and morphology of
Sanskrit in the text Ashtadhyayi. Panini's standardized Sanskrit is known as
Classical Sanskrit.
Persian rule in the northwest ends after Darius III is defeated by Alexander the
Great, who establishes the Macedonian Empire after inheriting the Persian
Achaemenid Empire.
Ambhi king of Takshasheela surrenders to Alexander.
Porus who ruled parts of the Punjab, fought Alexander at the Battle of the
Hydaspes River.
Mauryan Empire is founded by Chandragupta Maurya in Magadha after he
defeats the Nanda dynasty and Macedonian Seleucid Empire. Mauryan capital
city is Pataliputra (Modern Patna in Bihar)

305
BC

Chandragupta Maurya defeats Seleucus Nicator of the Seleucid Empire.

304
BC

Seleucus gives up his territories in the subcontinent (Afghanistan/Baluchistan) to

Chandragupta in exchange for 500 elephants. Seleucus offers his daughter in
marriage to Chandragupta to seal their friendship.

3rd century BC
Year
273
BC
266
BC
265
BC

Date

261
BC
260
BC

Event
Ashoka the Great regarded as the greatest ancient Indian emperor, grandson of
Chandragupta Maurya, ascends as emperor of the Mauryan Empire.
Ashoka conquers and unifies most of South Asia, along with Afghanistan and
eastern Iran.
Kalinga War takes place between Ashoka and the kingdom of Kalinga.
After conquering Kalinga, Ashoka reportedly regrets what he had done, leading
him to adopt Buddhism, which then became the quasi-official state religion of
the Mauryan Empire.
Conquest of Kalinga
Ashoka begins displaying religious tolerance, grants animal rights, builds
hospitals for people and animals, treats his subjects as equals regardless of caste
or creed, and promotes non-violence and republicanism.
Ashoka inscribes the Edicts of Ashoka, written down using Brahmi script.

232
BC
230
BC

Ashoka dies and is succeeded by Kunala.

Simuka declares independence from Mauryan rule and establishes the
Satavahana Empire.

2nd century BC
Year
200
BC
184
BC
180
BC

Date

Event
Kuninda Kingdom is established.
Tholkappiyam describes the grammar and morphology of Tamil; it is the oldest
existing Tamil grammar (dates vary between 200 BCE and 100 CE). (to 100 BC)
The Mauryan Empire, which shrunk considerably, collapses after its emperor
Brihadrata is assassinated by his general Pushyamitra Sunga. Pushyamitra Sunga
then establishes the Sunga dynasty.
Establishment of the Indo-Greek kingdom.

1st century BC

Year
80
BC
65
BC
57
BC

Date

Event
Establishment of the Indo-Scythian kingdom.
The Pandyan king sends ambassadors to the Greek and Roman lands.
Beginning of Vikram Era

1st century
Year
10
35

Date

52
68
78
90

Event
Establishment of the Indo-Parthian kingdom.
Western Satraps formed.
Saint Thomas the Apostle reached Muziris and baptized people known as Saint
Thomas Christians.
Establishment of the Kushan empire by Kujula Kadphises.
Gautamiputra Satkarni becomes Satavahana emperor and starts Shalivahana era
calendar after defeating Scythian king Maues.
Sung jae has established kingdom.

3rd century
Year
240

Date

Event
Sri-Gupta starts the Gupta Empire in Magadha, with its capital in Pataliputra

4th century
Year
320
335
380

Date

Event
Chandragupta I ascends the Gupta throne.
Samudragupta ascends the Gupta throne and expands the empire.
Chandragupta II, Samudragupta's son becomes the Gupta Emperor.

5th century
Year
450

Date

Event
Invasions by the Huna.

6th century

Year
554

Date

Event
Collapse of Gupta Empire after the death of skandagupta.

7th century
Year
606

Date

Event
Harshavardhana crowned Monarch.
Badami Chalukya power at its peak. Pulakeshin II pushes north up to the
Narmada and defeats the invading Harshavardhana of Kanauj

637

8th century
Year

Date

700
712
736
753
788

Event
According to the Qissa-i Sanjan, the immigrants Parsi are granted permission to
stay by the local ruler Jadi Rana
First Muslim, Muhammad Bin Qasim defeats Raja Dahir
Delhi is re-established by Bilan Deo Tomar also known as Anangpal Tomar
Establishment of Rashtrakuta Kingdom of Manyakhet by Danti Durga by
defeating Chalukyas of Badami
Birth of Adi Shankaracharya

9th century
Year

Date

814
836

Event
Nripatunga Amoghavarsha I becomes Rashtrakuta emperor. Kannada literature
flourishes.
Gurjara-Pratihara (to 910)

10th century
Year
1000

Date

Event
Invasion of Mahmud of Ghazni

11th century
Year
1021
1025
1030

Date

Event
Mahmud Ghazni defeats Tarnochalpal and annexes Punjab
Last invasion of Mahmud Ghazni, sacked and destroyed temple of Somnath
Alberuni arrives in India; death of Mahmud of Ghazni

Sumra Dynasty ends the Arab domination and establishes its own rule over
Sindh.

1058

12th century
Year

Date

1120
1134
1157
1190
1191
1192
1194

Event
Kalyani Chalukyas power at its peak. Vikramaditya VI ushers in Vikrama
Chalukya era.
Life of Basaveshwara, philosopher and social reformer. (to 1196)
The Kalachuris under Bijjala II capture Kalyani
Mohammed Ghauri invades India.
"Victory of Prithviraj Chauhan". First battle of Tarain between Mohammed
Ghori and Prithviraj III. Ghauri is defeated by Prithivi Raj Chauhan III.
"Victory of Mohammed Ghauri". Second battle of Tarain fought between Ghauri
and Prithivi Raj Chauhan III. Prithvi Raj Chauhan III is defeated by Mhammed
Ghori.
Battle of Chandawar fought between Ghauri and Jaichand of Kannauj. Ghauri
defeated Jayachandra and killed him.

13th century
Year

Date
15
1206
March
1206 12 June
1210
1221
1237

Event
Gakhars kills Muhammad Ghori during a raid on his camp on the Jhelum River
Qutb-ud-din Aibak establishes Ghulam Dynasty later to be known as Delhi
Sultanate
Qutb-ud-din Aibak died while playing polo.
Genghis Khan invades Punjab
Sri Madhwaharya born in Pajaka near Udupi, Karnataka

14
Murder of Razia Sultan by Turkish nobles.
October
1267
The Mahanubhava philosophy established by Chakradhar Swami.
1275
Birth of Saint Dyaneshwara.
1290
Murder of Muiz ud din Qaiqabad.
1240

14th century
Year
1310

Date

Event
Ala-ud-din Khalji's army under Malik Kafur occupies Devagiri ending the Seuna
Yadava Kingdom

1323
1336
1343

Ulugh Khan defeats Prataparudra ending the Kakatiya dynasty

Vijayanagara Empire established by Harihara I and his brother Bukka Raya I
Veera Ballala III was killed at the Battle of Madurai.
Governor Hasan Gangu revolts against Muhammad bin Tughluq founding the
Bahmani Sultanate
Samma Dynasty assumes rule over Sindh
Bukka, the Vijayanagara ruler and his son Kumara Kamapna capture the entire
Tamil speaking parts.
Timur plunders Lahore

1347
1351
1370
1398

15th century
Year
1401
1407
1414
1424
1443
1446
1451
1469
1483
1485
1486
1490
1498

Date

Event
Dilawar Khan establishes the Malwa Sultanate in present-day northern India
Zafar Khan: governor of Gujarat, declares himself as Sultan Muzaffar Shah
founding the Gujarat Sultanate/Muzaffarid dynasty
Khizr Khan, deputized by Timur to be the governor of Multan takes over Delhi
founding the Sayyid dynasty
Deva Raya II succeeded his father Veera Vijaya Bukka Raya as monarch of the
Vijayanagara Empire
Abdur Razzaq visits India
Mallikarjuna Raya succeeds his father Deva Raya II
Bahlul Khan Lodhi ascends the throne of the Delhi sultanate starting the Lodhi
19 April
dynasty
15 April Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism is born
14
Birth of Babur in Andijan, Fergana Valley in Central Asia
February
Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya drives out Praudha Raya ending the Sangama
Dynasty
Advent of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, founder of Gaudiya Vaishnavism and leader
of the world's first civil disobedience movement, in Navadwip, West Bengal
Ahmadnagar declares independence, followed by Bijapur and Berar in the same
year thus breaking up the Bahmani Sultanate.
20 May Vasco de Gama's first voyage from Europe to India and back (to 1499)

16th century
Year
1503

Date

Event
Kingdom of Kochi is taken over by the Portuguese creating the first European
settlement in India.

The Christian-Islamic power struggle in Europe and the Middle East. Spills
over into the Indian Ocean as Battle of Chaul during the Portuguese-Mamluk
War
3
Battle of Diu marks the beginning of the dominance of the Europeans in the
1509
February Asian naval theater.
1510
Portuguese India (to 1961)
1522
Portuguese land on the Coromandel Coast
Sultan Ibrahim Lodi, of the Delhi Sultanate, angers local nobles, who respond
by inviting Babur, the Mughal ruler of Kabul, to invade Delhi and Agra. The
1526 21 April
local population, plus the possession of artillery, assists Babur in killing the
Sultan (whose soldiers desert him) at the Battle of Panipat.
Babur bribes Mewar general Silhadi promising Silhadi a kingdom, if Silhadi
1527 17 March betrays Mewar King Rana Sanga in Battle of Khanwa, thus leading to the
annexation of Mewar.
Babur completes his Baburnama, reflecting on society, politics, economics,
1530
history, geography, nature, flora and fauna, which to this day is a standard
textbook in 25 countries. Babur dies, and is succeeded by his son Humayun.
1539
Battle of Chausa fought between Humayun and Sher Shah Suri in which
Humayun defeated.
Guru Angad Dev becomes second guru of Sikhs.
1540
Battle of Kannauj fought between Humayun and Sher Shah Suri and Humayun
was completely defeated. Humayun lost the Mughal empire to Afghans (Suri
Dynasty), and passed 12 years in exile.
Birth of Maharana Pratap Singh of Mewar ( son of Maharana Udai Singh II )
1545 22 May Death of Sher Shah Suri and succeeded by Islam Shah Suri.
1552 26 March Guru Amar Das becomes third Guru of Sikhs.
22
1554
Death of Islam Shah Suri.
November
Humayun regained the throne of Delhi from the hands of weak successors of
1555
Sher Shah.
1556
Humayun converts from Sunni Islam to Shia Islam, to gain the alliance of the
Shah of Persia. Humayun dies, and is succeeded by his son Akbar.
Hindu king Hemu establishes 'Hindu Raj' in North India and bestowed with
title of "Samrat Hem Chandra Vikramaditya"; Second Battle of Panipat fought
between Hemu and Akbar's forces in which Hemu is killed.
26
1565
Battle of Talikota results in the rout of Vijayanagara empire.
January
Akbar the Great annexes Gujarat, also shifts the Mughal capital to Fatehpur
Sikri where a new township and citadel containing buildings of a unique all1572
India characterinspired by the architecture of Bengal, Gujarat, Malwa,
Kashmir as well as the Timurid worldis born.
1574 1
Guru Ram Das becomes fourth Guru of Sikhs.
1508

September
Akbar annexes Bengal.
1
Guru Arjan Dev becomes fifth Guru of Sikhs.
September
1586
Akbar annexes Kashmir.
31
East India company is formed in England. Gets exclusive trading rights with
1600
December India.
1581

17th century
Year
1605
1606
1612

1628
1630
1644

1658

1659
1661
1665
1674
1675
1680
1681
1689

Date

Event

27
Akbar dies, and is succeeded by his son Jahangir.
October
25 May Guru Hargobind becomes sixth guru of Sikhs.
30
British India (to 1947)
November
East India Company (to 1757)
Jehangir announces "Chain of Justice" outside his palace that anyone can ring
the bell and get a personal hearing with the emperor. Jehangir dies, and is
succeeded by his son Shah Jahan.
February Birth of Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj.
8 March Guru Har Rai becomes seventh guru of Sikhs
Shivaji takes oath of Independence at Raireshwar.
Shah Jahan completes Taj Mahal, Jama Masjid, and Red Fort. Imperial
treasuries drained by architectural and military overexpenditures. Shah Jahan
dies, and is succeeded by his son Aurangzeb.
Shivaji's ill-equipped and small Maratha army defeat mighty Adilshahi troops
at the Battle of Pratapgarh in a major upset in Indian history. Shivaji personally
kills Adilshahi commander Afzal Khan (general).
6 October Guru Har Krishan becomes eight guru of Sikhs.
20 March Guru Tegh Bahadur becomes ninth Guru of Sikhs.
Forces led by Shivaji defeat Aurangzeb's troops, and establishes Maratha
Empire.
Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Guru of Sikhs is executed in Delhi by the order
of Aurangzeb for his support for the Kashmiri Hindus to practice their
religion.Guru Gobind Singh becomes tenth Guru of Sikhs.
3 April
Shivaji dies of fever at Raigad.
20 July
Sambhaji becomes 2nd Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire
Aurangzeb invades the Deccan
11 March Chatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj dies.

20
Danish India (to 1869)
November
Guru Gobind Singh, the 10th Guru of Sikhs creates Khalsa, the saint-soldier at
1699
Anandpur Sahib, Punjab.
1700 3 March Rajaram Chhatrapati dies
1696

18th century
Year Date
Event
[clarification needed]
1705
Mughal army arrested for the act.
1707 3 March Death of Aurangzeb the mughal emperor.
1708 7 October Guru Granth Sahib becomes Guru of Sikhs.
March Attingal Outbreak takes place
October
1721
1314
Madras cyclone occurs
November
The Maratha Peshwa (prime minister) usurps the Maratha kingdom, starting a
1749
new dynastic rule based in Pune.
1757
Battle of Plassey
Company rule in India (to 1858)
1759
French India (to 1954)
Marathas comprehensively defeat the Nizam, Maratha Empire reaches its
1760
zenith.
The Marathas are routed in the Third Battle of Panipat on 14 January 1761, by
the Afghans led by Ahmad Shah Durrani, an ethnic Pashtun, also known as
1761
Ahmad Shah Abdali. The battle is considered one of the largest battles fought
in the 18th century.
22
1764
Battle of Buxar (British victory against allied Mughal, Bengal and Oudh forces)
October
1765 12 August Princely states (to 15 August 1947)
First Anglo-Mysore War begins, in which Haidar Ali of Mysore defeats the
1767
combined armies of the East India Company, the Marathas and the Nizam of
Hyderabad.
1771
Marathas re-captures Delhi and parts of North India.
1772 14 August Ram Mohan Roy Born (to 1833)
1773
Narayanrao Peshwa is murdered by his uncle Raghunathrao's wife in front of
Raghunathrao.
Regulating Act of 1773
Warren Hastings appointed as first Governor-General of India
Chief Justice of the Maratha Empire, Ram Shastri passes death sentence against
1774
the ruling Peshwa Raghunathrao for murdering his nephew.

1775
1779
1780
1784
1786
1789
1790
1792
1795
1796
1798
1799

1800

First Anglo-Maratha War

Maratha sardar Mahadji Shinde routs the East India Company army at the
Battle of Wadgaon War ends with the restoration of status quo as per Treaty of
Salbai.
Second Anglo-Mysore War begins.
Second Anglo-Mysore War ends with the Treaty of Mangalore.
District collectors in Bengal were made responsible for settling the revenue and
collecting it.
Third Anglo-Mysore War begins.
The Marathas under Holkar and General de Boigne defeat the Rajputs of Jaipur
and Mughals at the Battle of Patan, where 3000+ Rajput cavalry is killed and
the entire Mughal unit vanquished. The defeat crushes Rajput hope of
independence from external influence
Third Anglo-Mysore War ends.
13 August Death of Ahilyabai Holkar
Ching-Thang Khomba moves Manipur's capital to Kangla
Fourth Anglo-Mysore War begins.
Fourth Anglo-Mysore War ends with the death of Tipu Sultan, the victory of
the East India Company, and the restoration of their ally, the Wodeyar dynasty
of Mysore.
Polygar War
13 March Death of Nana Fadnavis

19th century
Year

Date

1801
1803
1805
1806
1809
1811
1814

1817
1818

28
October

Event
Maharaja Ranjit Singh establishes Khalsa rule of Punjab from Lahore. Khalsa
army liberates Kashmiri Pundits and invades Afghanistan through Khyber Pass.
Second Anglo-Maratha War begins
Second Anglo-Maratha War ends
Vellore Mutiny
East India Company signs the first Treaty of Amritsar with Ranjit Singh
Death of Yashwantrao Holkar
"Atmiya Sabha" Established Later on known as "Prarthana Samaj" By Raja
Ram Mohan Roy
Third Anglo-Maratha War begins
Establishment of Hindu College (Presidency College, now Presidency
University, Kolkata)
Third Anglo-Maratha War ends with the defeat of Bajirao II and the end of the

1820
1823
1824
1826
1836
1839
1845

1853
1853
1855
1856

1857

1858

1859
1861
1863
1865
1867
1869
1875

1877
1885

Maratha Empire leaving the East India Company with control of almost the
whole of India
September Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar is born (to 1891)
AngloBurmese Wars (to 1826)
12
Dayananda Saraswati is born (to 1883)
February
British rule in Burma (to 1947)
Sri Ramakrishna Paramhansa is born (to 1886)
First Anglo-Afghan War
First Anglo-Sikh Wars (to 1849)
4
Vasudev Balwant Phadke is born (to 1883)
November
Started Post Service
16 April First Railway estalblished between Bombay and Thane
30 June Santhal rebellion
25 July
Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act, 1856
23 July
Bal Gangadhar Tilak is born (to 1920)
20 August Narayana Guru is born (to 1928)
10 May Indian Rebellion of 1857
Established first three University of Mumbai, University of Madras and
University of Calcutta in India
1
British Raj (to 1947)
November
7
Bipin Chandra Pal is born (to 1932)
November
18 April Death of Tatya Tope
7 May
Rabindranath Tagore is born.
12
Swami Vivekanand is born (to 1902)
January
28
Lala Lajpat Rai is born (to 1928)
January
"Prarthana Samaj" Established Earlier known as "Atmiya Sabha"
Mahatma Gandhi is born (to 30 January 1948)
2 October
Thakkar Bapa is Born (to 1951)
"Arya Samaj" Established
Aligarh Muslim University
Deccan Riots
1 January Delhi Durbar First time
28
Indian National Congress Established[14]

December
3
1889
December
1891 14 April
23
1897
January

Khudiram Bose is born (to 1908)

B. R. Ambedkar is born (to 1956)
Subhas Chandra Bose is born (to 1945)1st finger print bureau of India est in
kolkata.

20th century
Year
1902
1903
1905
1906

1908
1909
1911
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915

1916
1917
1919

1920
1922
1924
1925

Date

Event
Anushilan Samiti, organized revolutionary association formed.
British Expedition to Tibet
Delhi Durbar Second Time.
16 October Partition of Bengal
Jugantar formed.
30
Muslim League formed in Dacca.
December
Alipore bomb case
Morley-Minto Reforms
Cancellation of Partition of Bengal
Delhi Durbar Third Time
12
British government change capital city from Calcutta to Delhi.[15]
December
Delhi conspiracy case
Gadar Party formed.
Rabindranath Tagore won Nobel Prize in Literature
HinduGerman Conspiracy
Ghadar conspiracy
Provisional Government of India formed in Kabul.
Mahatma Gandhi returns to India.
Lucknow Pact
Champaran and Kheda Satyagraha
Jallianwala Bagh massacre
MontaguChelmsford Reforms
Rowlatt Act is passed
Non-cooperation movement Khilafat Movement
5 February Chauri Chaura incident
Hindustan Socialist Republican Association is formed
9 August Kakori conspiracy

1927 November Simon Commission

1928
Bardoli Satyagraha
1929
Central Assembly Bombed by Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt.
Purna Swaraj resolution.
1930
Salt Satyagraha, the civil disobedience movement, begins with the Dandi
march
Round Table Conferences (India) First
1931 March
GandhiIrwin Pact
23 March Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev Martyred
September
Round Table Conferences (India) Second
December
1932 24
Poona Pact
September
4 August Communal Award
November
Round Table Conferences (India) Third
December
1935 August
Government of India Act 1935
1937
Indian provincial elections, 1937
1939
All India Forward Bloc Established by Subhas Chandra Bose
1940 23 March Lahore Resolution
8 August August offer 1940
1942
Quit India Movement
Late March Cripps' mission
August
Indian National Army Established by Subhas Chandra Bose
Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind, the Provisional Government of Free India
1943
formed by Netaji.
1944
Subhas Chandra Bose calls Mahatma Gandhi as the Father of the Nation.
1945
Wavell Plan Simla Conference.
1946 February Royal Indian Navy Mutiny
March
Cabinet Mission
16 August Direct Action Day/Great Calcutta Killings
1947 July
Indian Independence Act 1947 by British Raj.
Partition of India and Pakistan becomes an independent state on 14 August
1947.[14]
Freedom from British Raj.
Hundreds of thousands die in widespread communal bloodshed after partition.
(to 1948)
1948
Mahatma Gandhi assassinated by a right wing Hindu nationalist Nathuram
30 January
Godse.
War with Pakistan over disputed territory of Kashmir.

1950
1951
1962
1964
1965
1966
1971
1974
1975

1977
1979
1980
1983
1984

1987
1989
1989
1990
1991

1992

Telangana and other princely states integrated in Indian union

26 January India became Republic.
Congress Party wins first general elections under leadership of Jawaharlal
Nehru. (to 1952)
war over disputed territory of Kashmir [14] with China.
India won Diu, Daman and Goa from Portuguese India.
27 May
Death of Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.
623
Second war with Pakistan over Kashmir.
September
Nehru's daughter Indira Gandhi becomes prime minister.
Third war with Pakistan over creation of Bangladesh, formerly East Pakistan.
Twenty-year treaty of friendship signed with Soviet Union.
India explodes first nuclear device in underground test.
Indira Gandhi declares state of emergency after being found guilty of
electoral malpractice.
Nearly 1,000 political opponents imprisoned and programme of compulsory
birth control introduced. (to 1977)
Indira Gandhi's Congress Party loses general elections. Janata Party comes to
power.Communist party of India comes into power in West Bengal.
Janata Party Splits. Chaudhary Charan Singh becomes Prime Minister.
Indira Gandhi returns to power heading Congress party splinter group,
Congress (Indira).
N. T. Rama Rao NTR's 9 month old Telugu Desam Comes in to Power in AP
marks a new Challenger post Loknayak Jayprakash Narayan against Indira
Troops storm Golden Temple - Sikhs' most holy shrine - to flush out Sikh
militants pressing for self-rule, called Operation Blue Star. "Anti-Sikh Riots
1984".
Indira Gandhi assassinated by Sikh bodyguards, following which her son,
Rajiv, takes over.
Many Sikhs were killed due to the assassination of Indira Gandhi, and the
government did not do anything. see 1984 anti-Sikh riots.
India deploys troops for peacekeeping operation in Sri Lanka's ethnic conflict.
Falling public support leads to Congress defeat in general election.
National Front (India) Headed by N. T. Rama Rao and led by Janata party
formed and stormed into power with outside support from BJP and CPI.
Muslim separatist groups begin campaign of violence in Kashmir.
Rajiv Gandhi assassinated by suicide bomber sympathetic to Sri Lanka's
Tamil Tigers.
Economic reform programme begun by Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao.
Hindu extremists demolish mosque in Ayodhya, triggering widespread
Hindu-Muslim violence.

1995 July
1996
1996 August
1998

1999

February
May

October
2000 March
May

Over 200 people die in Cuttack in Odisha, after drinking illegally brewed
liquor in the 1992 Odisha liquor deaths incident.
West Bengal Chief Minister Jyoti Basu made the first call from Kolkata to
inaugurate the cellular services in India
Congress suffers worst ever electoral defeat as Hindu nationalist BJP emerges
as largest single party.
The Amarnath Yatra tragedy in which at least 194 pilgrims are reported to
have frozen to death in northern Kashmir after being stranded by violent rain
and snow storms.
BJP forms coalition government under Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
India carries out nuclear tests, leading to widespread international
condemnation.
Vajpayee makes historic bus trip to Pakistan to meet Premier Nawaz Sharif
and to sign bilateral Lahore peace declaration.
Tension in Kashmir leads to brief war with Pakistan-backed forces in the icy
heights around Kargil in Indian-held Kashmir.
Cyclone devastates eastern state of Odisha, leaving at least 10,000 dead.
US President Bill Clinton makes a groundbreaking visit to improve ties.
India marks the birth of its billionth citizen.

21st century
Year
2001

Date

Event
A high-powered rocket is launched, adding India to the club of countries
able to fire big satellites deep into space.
Massive earthquakes hit the western state of Gujarat, leaving at least
January
30,000 dead.
Vajpayee meets Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf in the first summit
between the two neighbours in more than two years. The meeting ends
July
without a breakthrough or even a joint statement because of differences
over Kashmir.
Vajpayee's BJP party declines his offer to resign over a number of
July
political scandals and the apparent failure of his talks with Pakistani
President Musharraf.
US lifts sanctions which it imposed against India and Pakistan after they
September staged nuclear tests in 1998. The move is seen as a reward for their
support for the US-led anti-terror campaign.
India and Pakistan fire at each other's military posts in the heaviest firing
October
along the dividing line of control in Kashmir for almost a year. [16]
Pakistani forces shelled the village of Arnia about three km (two miles)
October
from the border in the early hours of Monday June 6th, killing five and
wounding at least two dozen civilians. [17]

Suicide squad attacks parliament in New Delhi, killing several police.

The five gunmen die in the assault.
India imposes sanctions against Pakistan, to force it to take action against
December two Kashmir militant groups blamed for the suicide attack on parliament.
Pakistan retaliates with similar sanctions, and bans the groups in January.
India,
Pakistan
mass troops
on common
border
December
amid
mounting
fears of a
looming
war.
2002
War of words between Indian and Pakistani leaders intensifies. Actual
war seems imminent.
India successfully test-fires a nuclear-capable ballistic missile - the Agni January
off its eastern coast.
Inter-religious bloodshed breaks out after 59 Hindu pilgrims returning
from Ayodhya are killed in a train fire in Godhra, Gujarat. More than
February 1,000 people, mainly Muslims, die in subsequent riots. (Police and
officials blamed the fire on a Muslim mob; a 2005 government
investigation said it was an accident.)
Pakistan test-fires three medium-range surface-to-surface Ghauri
May
missiles, which are capable of carrying nuclear warheads.
UK, US urge their citizens to leave India and Pakistan, while maintaining
June
diplomatic offensive to avert war.
Retired scientist and architect of India's missile programme A.P.J. Abdul
July
Kalam is elected president.
2003
August
At least 50 people are killed in two simultaneous bomb blasts in Bombay.
November India matches Pakistan's declaration of a Kashmir ceasefire.
December India, Pakistan agree to resume direct air links and to allow overflights.
2004
Groundbreaking meeting is held between government and moderate
January
Kashmir separatists.
Surprise victory for Congress Party in general elections. Manmohan
May
Singh is sworn in as prime minister.
India, along with Brazil, Germany and Japan, launches an application for
September
a permanent seat on the UN Security Council.
November India begins to withdraw some of its troops from Kashmir.
Thousands are killed when tsunami tidal waves, caused by the 2004
December Indian Ocean earthquake off the Indonesian coast, devastate coastal
communities in the south and in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
December

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

More than 1,000 people are killed in floods and landslides caused by
monsoon rains in Mumbai (Bombay) and Maharashtra region.
An earthquake, with its epicentre in Pakistani-administered Kashmir, kills
8 October
more than 1,000 people in Indian-administered Kashmir.
India's largest-ever rural jobs scheme is launched, aimed at lifting around
February
60 million families out of poverty.
US and India sign a nuclear agreement during a visit by US President
George W Bush. The US gives India access to civilian nuclear
March
technology while India agrees to greater scrutiny for its nuclear
programme.
India and Pakistan sign an agreement aimed at reducing the risk of
February
accidental nuclear war.
18
68 passengers, most of them Pakistanis, are killed by bomb blasts and a
February blaze on a train travelling from New Delhi to the Pakistani city of Lahore.
Maoist rebels in Chhattisgarh state kill more than 50 policemen in a dawn
March
attack.
India's first commercial space rocket is launched, carrying an Italian
April
satellite.
Government announces its strongest economic growth figures for 20
May
years - 9.4% in the year to March.
At least nine people are killed in a bomb explosion at the main mosque in
May
Hyderabad. Several others are killed in subsequent rioting.
India says the number of its people with HIV or AIDS is about half of
earlier official tallies. Health ministry figures put the total at between 2
July
million and 3.1 million cases, compared with previous estimates of more
than 5 million.
July
Pratibha Patil becomes first woman to be elected president of India.
Series of explosions kills 49 in Ahmedabad, in Gujarat state. The littleJuly
known group Indian Mujahideen claims responsibility.
Following approval by the US Congress, President George W Bush signs
October
into law a nuclear deal with India, which ends a three-decade ban on US
nuclear trade with Delhi.
India successfully launches its first mission to the moon, the unmanned
October
lunar probe Chandrayaan-1.
Nearly 200 people are killed and hundreds injured in a series of
coordinated attacks by gunmen on the main tourist and business area of
November India's financial capital Mumbai. India blames militants from Pakistan for
the attacks and demands that Islamabad take strong action against those
responsible.
India announces "pause" in peace process with Pakistan. Indian cricket
December
team cancels planned tour of Pakistan.
India and Russia sign deals worth $700 million, according to which
February
Moscow will supply uranium to Delhi.
July

April

2010

2011
2012

2013

2014

Trial of sole surviving suspect in Mumbai attacks begins.

Resounding general election victory gives governing Congress-led
May
alliance of PM Manmohan Singh an enhanced position in parliament,
only 11 seats short of an absolute majority.
July
Delhi court decriminalizes gay sex
16 people are killed in a bomb explosion at German Bakery in the city of
February
Pune, Maharashtra.
Surviving gunman of 2008 Mumbai attacks is convicted of murder,
May
possession of explosives and waging war
After 34 years of Left Front Government, Trinamool Congress and
May
Congress alliance come to power in West Bengal
Pranab Mukherjee, the former Finance Minister is elected as the 13th
July
president of India.
Ajmal Kasab the lone surviving gunman of 2008 Mumbai attacks is
November
hanged on 21 November 2012 at 7:30 in at Yerwada Jail.
12
Indian helicopter bribery scandal comes to light.
February
21
Terror attacks on Hyderabad in Dilsukhnagar area.
February
5
Mars Orbiter Mission, is successfully launched into Earth orbit by the
November Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).[18][19][20]
16 May
Narendra Modi elected as prime minister of India

See also

Timeline of Mumbai history

Timeline of Ahmedabad
Chronology of Tamil history
Timeline of Buddhism (563 BCE present)
Timeline of Ayyavazhi history
Timeline of Jainism
Sikh Gurus (14691666)
History of cricket (1066present)
Hindu units of time
Tamil units of measurement

References
1. Sankhyan, Anek R. (2013). "The Emergence of Homo sapiens in South Asia: The Central
Narmada Valley as Witness". Human Biology Review 2 (2): 136152.
2. "Palaeolithic and Pleistocene of Pakistan". Department of Archaeology, University of
Sheffield. Retrieved 2007-12-01.

3. Murray, Tim (1999). Time and archaeology. London; New York: Routledge. p. 84.
ISBN 0-415-11762-3.
4. Rendell, H. R.; Dennell, R. W.; Halim, M. (1989). Pleistocene and Palaeolithic
Investigations in the Soan Valley, Northern Pakistan. British Archaeological Reports
International Series. Cambridge University Press. p. 364. ISBN 0-86054-691-8.
OCLC 29222688.
5. Parth R. Chauhan. Distribution of Acheulian sites in the Siwalik region. An Overview of
the Siwalik Acheulian & Reconsidering Its Chronological Relationship with the Soanian
A Theoretical Perspective.
6. Is the Soanian techno-complex a Mode 1 or Mode 3 phenomenon? A morphometric
assessment
7. Distribution of Acheulian sites in the Siwalik region
8. Javid, Ali and Javeed, Tabassum. World Heritage Monuments and Related Edifices in
India. 2008, page 19
9. http://originsnet.org/bimb1gallery/index.htm
10. Klaus K. Klostermaier (1989), A survey of Hinduism, SUNY Press, ISBN 0-88706-807-3,
"... prehistoric cave paintings at Bhimbetka (ca. 30000 BCE) ..."
11. Coppa, A.; Bondioli, L; Cucina, A; Frayer, D. W.; Jarrige, C.; Jarrige, J. F.; Quivron, G;
Rossi, M.; Vidale, M; Macchiarelli, R. (6 April 2006). "Palaeontology: Early Neolithic
tradition of dentistry" (PDF). Nature 440 (7085): 755756. doi:10.1038/440755a.
PMID 16598247. Retrieved 2007-11-22.
12. Possehl, G. L. (October 1990). "Revolution in the Urban Revolution: The Emergence of
Indus Urbanisation". Annual Review of Anthropology 19 (1): 261282.
doi:10.1146/annurev.an.19.100190.001401. Retrieved 2007-05-06.
13. Kenoyer, Jonathan Mark; Heuston, Kimberley (May 2005). The Ancient South Asian
World. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-517422-4. OCLC 56413341.
14. "BBC News - India profile - Timeline". Retrieved 27 November 2013.
15. "Indias capital is moved from Calcutta to New Delhi on 12 December 1911". 12
December 2012. Retrieved 25 February 2014.
16. http://in.reuters.com/article/2014/10/06/india-pakistan-idINKCN0HV0OY20141006
17. http://in.reuters.com/article/2014/10/06/india-pakistan-idINKCN0HV0OY20141006
18. Walton, Zach (15 August 2012). "India Announces Mars Mission One Week After
Curiosity Landing". Web Pro News. Retrieved 8 September 2013.
19. Staff (15 August 2012). "Manmohan Singh formally announces India's Mars mission".
The Hindu. Retrieved 31 August 2012.
20. Bal, Hartosh Singh (30 August 2012). "BRICS in Space". New York Times. Retrieved 31
August 2012.

External links

BBC India Timeline

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t
e

Timeline of Indian history (1500present)

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