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Ebola Background
The 2014 Ebola epidemic is the largest in history, affecting multiple countries in
West Africa.
Ebola is spread through direct contact with blood and body fluids of a person
infected by, and already showing symptoms of Ebola.
Ebola is not spread through the air, water, food, or mosquitoes. There is no
evidence indicating that Ebola virus is spread by coughing or sneezing.
Two cases including one death, and two locally acquired cases in healthcare
workers have been reported in the United States.
(The United States has had 4 cases of Ebola including 1 death. Two of those cases were
acquired in healthcare )
Ebola poses little risk to the US general population and is NOT contagious until
symptoms appear. Once people recover from Ebola, they can no longer spread the
virus to people in the community.
Travel Facts
Why doesnt the CDC restrict travel to the United States?
CDC does not recommend stopping travel from countries with Ebola outbreaks.
Travel restrictions balance the public health risk to others, the rights of individuals, and
the impact of the recommendations on the welfare of the countries with Ebola outbreaks.
Least restrictive means necessary to protect the publics health.
Focus on stopping the spread at its source, and international humanitarian assistance
must continue.
Many states are conducting some form of active monitoring for travelers returning from
these West African countries.
5 U.S. airports: (New Yorks JFK International (NY), Washington-Dulles (Virginia),
Newark (NJ), Chicago-OHare (Illinois), and Atlanta(Georgia))
At this time, there is no risk of contracting Ebola in other countries in the West African
region where Ebola cases have not been reported. However the situation could rapidly
change
All facts found on the Center for Disease Control and Prevention website: www.cdc.gov
Symptoms of Ebola
Fever
Fatigue
Severe headache
Diarrhea
Muscle pain
Vomiting
Weakness
Symptoms may appear anywhere from 2 to 21 days after exposure to Ebola, but the
average is 8 to 10 days.
Primary Research
Content Analysis- Gauging word of mouth from news organizations about ebola. In the
U.S there are 91,079 articles in 2014 on ebola (NewsBank). Many spoke about the facts
of ebola, being prepared for ebola, and criticizing the way America and the CDC is
handling the situations.
Focus Group- On Doctors and Nurses to learn about their knowledge on proper ebola
precautions as well as learn any fears that they may have about working with ebola
patients both in Africa and America.
Survey- Conduct a poll to American citizens gauging their support or lack of support on
quarantining individuals coming back from West Africa. Add questions such as their
reason to why the support it or dont. Should be sent to frequent flyers if available.
Secondary Research
(National Nurses United)survey of more than 2,100 registered nurses at more than
750 facilities in 46 states and Washington, D.C., found that just 15% had received
Ebola education where nurses had the ability to interact and ask questions.
Ebola patients to be cared for at one of the nation's four specially designed
hospitals with biocontainment units
-(Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha, Emory, St. Patrick Hospital in
Montana, and the National Institutes of Health in Maryland)
-But officials from two of those facilities say the super-hospitals won't be able
to handle all future Ebola patients.
Issues
Audience
Internal:
public health care officials
program--Doctors Without Borders
External:
General Public
Those affected by Ebola(who have had it)
Quarantined people--all of them
those who fly internationally (there could be layovers in other countries)
hospital patients who are in a hospital where an Ebola patient is being treated?
Intermediary :
Airlines flying to West Africa/internationally.
State government
Global Audience :
African Countries
Countries with layovers
World Health Organization
MUST INFLUENCE
LIKELY
TO
INFLUENCE
UNLIKELY
TO
INFLUENCE
SHOULD INFLUENCE
African Countries
Countries with layovers
Objectives
1.
2.
3.
4.
Issues
Objectives
Total Budget
Objective 1: $225,000
Objective 2: $1,729,500
Objective 3: $13,000
Objective 4: $430,000
Research: $166,000
Evaluation:$100,000
$2,663,500
Ethical Analysis
Question:
Is it ethical to quarantine people against their will after travel?
Potter Model
Definition
CDC PR: Quarantine may have detrimental
impact on the number of health care workers
volunteering to assist Ebola control or
prevention efforts in the affected countries
Loyalties
CDC PR: General public, health workers, Ebola
patients, national and international partners
Values
CDC PR: protect the publics health,
humanitarian assistance
Principles
CDC PR: Aristotles Golden Mean
Greatest good for the greatest number
Our Analysis
We feel that the state governments choice to quarantine health workers is unethical because it
discourages workers that help fight the ebola outbreak to continue volunteering.
The government needs to consider Ebola as a world issue rather than only a national one.
Solving the Ebola issue internationally will ultimately benefit both America and West Africa.
Objective
Evaluation