Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
ON
SUBMITTED BY
Sr. No.
Roll No.
1.
JAY MUDBIDRI
29
2.
VIKAS TIWARI
44
3.
RAHUL GUPTA
21
4.
SRIKANT YADAV
06
CONTENTS
Sr.
No.
Title
Page No.
1.
Abstract.
2.
Introduction..
3.
4.
Flowchart.
15
5.
Circuit Diagram.
16
6.
17
7.
Applications
17
1. ABSTRACT
LPG gas detection projects main idea is to implement security system
for detecting leakage of gas in closed environment. In this project gas leakage is
identified by using sensors which works only in closed environment. In present
situation there are many cases related to gas leakage which cause innocent
people lives and property damage. Implementing this application can be useful
for companies, houses, which can save lives of people.
The presence of dangerous LPG leakage in the cars, service station or in the
storage tank environment can be detected using the Ideal Gas Sensor. This unit
can be easily integrated into a unit that can sound an alarm or give a visual
suggestion of the LPG concentration. The sensor has both admirable sensitivity
and rapid response time. This sensor can also be used to sense other gases like
ISO-butane, propane, LNG and even cigarette smoke.
The output of the sensor goes LOW as soon as the LPG sensor senses any gas
leakage from the storage. This is detected by the microcontroller and the LED &
buzzer is turned ON. After the delay of few milliseconds, the exhaust fan is also
turned ON for throwing the gas out and it continues sending message as GAS
LEAKAGE to a mobile number which is pre-defined.
2. INTRODUCTION
LPG gas is supplied in pressurized steel cylinders. As this gas is heavier
than air, when it leaks from a cylinder it flows along floor and tends to settle in
low spots such as a basement. This can cause fire or suffocation if not dealt
with. Here is a circuit that detects the leakage of LPG gas and alerts the user
through audio-visual indications.
This LPG Gas Sensor (MQ6), ideal sensor for use to detect the presence of a
dangerous Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and it has high sensitivity to propane,
butane, isobutene, natural gas. The sensor can also be used to detect
combustible gases, especially methane. This circuit can detect leakages in your
Home, car or in a service station, storage tank environment. This unit can be
easily implemented to industrial level by upgrading its ranges.
This project is designed to detect the LPG from 200parts
per million (PPM) to 10,000 PPM. Whenever there is LPG concentration of
1000 ppm (parts per million) in the area, the OUT pin of the sensor module goes
high. This LPG Gas Sensor can be used to make wireless Gas leak detector in
home security system .The LPG Gas Sensor Module is designed to enable LPG
detection interface to Microcontroller without ADC Channels. By providing a
GSM modem we can receive SMS ALERTS.
LCD Display
Power, Clock
Reset
MQ6
Gas Sensor
Theft
Sensor
Load
Sensor
Microcontroller
ADC
Relay Driver
RS 232
Reset
Interface
GSM Module
Alarm
Relay
Exhaust
Fan
Relay
3.1. SENSORS:1. GAS SENSOR: MQ-6 Gives analog output as per concentration of
combustible gas in air. Used in gas leakage detecting equipments for
detecting of LPG, ISO-butane, propane, LNG combustible gases. The
sensor does not get trigger with the noise of alcohol, cooking fumes and
cigarette smoke.
2. THEFT SENSOR
3. Tactile Bump Sensors are great for collision detection, but the circuit
itself also works fine for user buttons and switches as well. There are
many designs possible for bump switches, often depending on the design
and goals of the robot itself. But the circuit remains the same. They
usually implement a mechanical button to short the circuit, pulling the
signal line high or low. An example is the micro switch with a lever
attached to increase its range, as shown above.
4. There are several versions below, depending on how you plan to use the
circuit and your available switches. For the resistor use a very high
value, such as 40kohms.
3.3.1 DISPLAY:
1. Various display devices such as seven segment display, LCD display, etc
can be interfaced with microcontroller to read the output directly.
2. In our project we use a two line LCD display with 16 characters each.
LCD Liquid crystal Display (LCD) displays temperature of the measured
element, which is calculated by the microcontroller.
3. CMOS technology makes the device ideal for application in hand held,
portable and other battery instruction with low power consumption.
10
Transformer only:
The low voltage AC output is suitable for lamps, heaters and special AC
motors. It is not suitable for electronic circuits unless they include a rectifier
and a smoothing capacitor.
Transformer + Rectifier:
The varying DC output is suitable for lamps, heaters and standard motors. It
is not suitable for electronic circuits unless they include a smoothing
capacitor.
11
The smooth DC output has a small ripple. It is suitable for most electronic
circuits.
The regulated DC output is very smooth with no ripple. It is suitable for all
electronic circuits. The fig. above shows the circuit diagram of the power
supply unit. This block mainly consists of a two regulating IC 7805 and a
bridge rectified and it provides a regulated supply approximately 5V.The
transformer used in this circuit has secondary rating of 7.5V. The main
function of the transformer is to step down the AC voltage available from the
main. The main connections are given to its primary winding through a
switch connected to a phase line.
12
13
14
4. FLOWCHART:
15
5. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
16
Future Scope:1. In future the level of LPG gas leakage can be reduced by using Cs2 gas
which will neutralize the value of LPG gas.
2. More facilities for prevention of leakage of LPG can be made available in
all residential areas, Hotels, Hospitals, and Industries etc.
3. In coming generation use of mechanical parts and advanced alarm
process can be more helpful for prevention
Applications:1. This project used as security system in applications like homes, hostels,
industries
2. Because of its low power consumption, reliability, portability this system
used in other applications likes smoke detection and various toxic
harmful gasses.
17