INTRODUCTION

Efficient organization with professional competence of top order is engaged to remain a

Market leader in the sugar industry in manufacturing and marketing of white sugar.
To ensure attractive returns to business associates and shareholders as per their
expectations.
Quality objectives are designed with a view to enhance customer satisfaction and
operational efficiencies.
To be a good corporate citizen to fulfill the social responsibilities.
Commitment to building Safe, Healthy and Environment friendly atmosphere.
We, with our professional and dedicated team, ensure continual improvement in quality
and productivity through effective implementation of Quality Management System. Be a
responsible employer and reward employees according to their ability and performance.
We value the social and economic well being of our partners and strive for a harmonious
environment conducive to team performance.
The quality policy also encompasses our long term Strategic Goals and Core Values,
which are integral part of our business.
- Providing Customer Satisfaction by serving with superior quality production of white
sugar at lowest cost.
- Ensuring Security and Accountability by creating an environment of security and
accountability for employees, production facilities and products.
- Expanding Customer Base by exploring new national and international markets and
undertaking product research and development in sugar industry.

- Ensuring Efficient Resource Management by managing human, financial, technical and

infrastructural resources so as to support all our strategic goals and to ensure highest
possible value addition to stakeholders.
- Striving for continuous improvement and innovation with commitment and
responsibility;
- Treating stakeholders with respect, courtesy and competence;
- Practicing highest personal and professional integrity;
- Maintaining teamwork, trust and support with open and candid communication; and
- Ensuring cost consciousness in all decisions and operations
Because, for centuries, and even today, land has been a degree to various rights. With
this belief, DAMAN Development Organization is, currently engaged with the
indigenous minorities of Indus (IMI), for their land and livelihood rights and hence the
political and cultural rights.

DAMAAN is facilitating these communities to have

National Identity Cards and get registered as voters. These communities are not only
marginalized but also remain neglected even by the non-governmental sector.

The

communities demand allotment of, control over or right of use on riverine lands. ].
At surface, the colonization of Indian subcontinent, each time since the time of Aryans,
seems a history of change of kings and crowns, and shift in power among local tribes,
rajas, maharajas and feudal. However, at deep it is an endless account of exploitation of
local resources as well as disappearance of indigenous population groups, their cultures,
knowledge and their rights over lands and resources they lived on for centuries.
Whether it was the British exploitation of local resources and/or the politics of property
claims after partition of Indian subcontinent, the commons in the form of land and
forests were the ultimate target. These commons, land and forests, were in fact the
livelihood base of the indigenous people scattered in formation. The same happened with

the indigenous minorities of Indus, of which the Kihals, Ode and Musaly are few to
name:
Kihals are riverine people who live on the sides of river Indus and depend on fishing and
the forests on Indus delta. They introduce themselves as Sheikhs (the converts) and
Khokhar (a sub-caste of Muslims).
Musali, on the other hand, used to live in the Thal desert on the east of river Indus and
made their living from toys and household items made of sar, telian and kaney (strawlike bushes). Due to TDA canal, Musalis had to shift to urban slums.
Ode - The third focus of this action research project is the Ode people, who introduce
themselves as Ode Rajpoot and live in Thal desert. While the first two communities are
the natives, the Ode communities migrated from India. They used to keep livestock and
lived a pastoral life. After partition in 1947, this pastoral group shifted to Pakistan.
However, unlike other immigrants, they had no claims on the property here in Pakistan.
Compared to Kihals and Musalis, the majority of Odes are well established. They have
bought lands and learned cultivation.
The vulnerability of indigenous people increased further in the development activities
by the state. Allotment of lands to immigrants, development of irrigation systems i.e.
canal and dams, clearing of forests and shift to inorganic farming deprived these
indigenous minorities of their rights over natural resources.
The water conflict between India and Pakistan, soon after partition, was a direct blow
to the livelihoods of these indigenous communities. The conflict over water resources
was resolved through the Indus Basin Treaty in 1960s which was followed by a series of
canals:
i.

The Mangla Dam Project, completed in 1968.

ii.

Construction of Chashma Barrage around the same period.

iii.

Chashma-Jehlum Link Canal, from Chashma Barrage, 1971.

iv.

Construction of Tarbela Dam in 1974.

v.

Chashma Right Bank Canal from the Chashma Barrage.

vi.

Greater Thal Canal, from Chashma Jehlum Link Canal, February 2002.

vii.

Kachhi Canal from Taunsa Barrage, started in October 2002.

Development of dams, canals, barrages and felling of forests for cultivation deprived
these indigenous minorities of their rights over natural resources. So far, the indigenous
minorities of Indus have lost almost 60-70 % of their livelihood in term of river-food
(varieties of fish, wild-duck etc) and forests.
Kihals Means of Livelihood
Fishing, basket weaving and agricultural labour are major sources of livelihood for
Kihals. All the three sources entirely depend on river Indus. Since the decrease in these
traditional livelihood sources, Kihals are swiftly switching to an other source i.e. begging
alms.
a)

Sea Food - an all time source

Compared to mainstream societies, Kihals had wider food diversity and choices; apart
from fish and murghabi (wild-duck), they used to eat some reiverine food that was
prohibited in mainstream societies e.g. sisar (crocodile) and kumi (tortoise). This diverse
food base which helps them sustain life is, however, continuously shrinking mainly for
four reasons:
i.

Licensing the fishing to contractors has directly deprived Kihals of their right
over fish and other riverine food.

ii.

Contamination of the river near urban centres that reduces the fish population.
For example the total effluent discharge of D I Khan city falls into the river
through four big drains just before Kihals abode. Chashma Sugar Mill, near
D I Khan city, is another potential source of river contamination.

iii.

Development of dams, canal and barrages is drying up the river in the

downstream, which abates the fish and other river food.

b)

Seasonal Labour

In early summer i.e. April-May, Kihals go for harvesting to the kutcha (the low-lying
areas). In late summer i.e. June-August they cut, clean and dry Kaanb (lai plant or
Tamarez dioca) from deltas and make tokarey (baskets), cages and ropes for the markets.
Kaanb forests in the deltas are lifeline for Kihals. They equate the forests with the wheat
- Kaanb for Kihals is what wheat is for farmers, said Khandi, an elderly Kihal of
bbeit Baloo Ram.
These forests are nevertheless disappearing frequently, mainly due to water cuts on Indus,
while the rest is taken over by the neighbouring landlords who claim the riverine land and
forests as their ancestral right, and take no time in clearing these forests as weeds.
c)

Begging Alms

Although begging alms has existed in Kihal community since long but not as a full
livelihood source. However, due to decrease in traditional livelihood sources, Kihals now
increasingly depend on begging alms as major livelihood source. Previously, begging
was not fixed for women, neither it was spread over the whole years but limited to season
when there were no forests, no harvesting, no work. But now it is purely womens job
and spread over the whole year.
Shift in livelihood and belief system and its impact on women
We are confirm Muslim just like you and recite the same Qalma. If you (Sarkar, the
government) provide us education, we will recite and understand Quran. Please provide
our women and children with education, and also please dont pollute the river with the
city effluent and shift the affluent drains to somewhere else , said Sona Kihal in an
emotional but confident tone during the first ever meeting of Kihals with the concerned
councilor, on 30.4.2005, Rose Hotel, D. I. Khan.

Instead of following one single religion in strict, the Kihals kept to a flexible system of
believes. For example, they believe in Hazrat Imam Shaafi, founder of Shaafi sect which,
in case of prolonged hunger, consent their believers to eat that sea food which is
prohibited in routine. Kihals women, compared to women in neighbouring Muslim
communities, enjoyed equal status with their men.
Due to their increasing dependence on neighboring Muslim population, however, Kihals
are fast converting into Muslims and adapting to Muslim life styles and traditions. They
now call themselves as Sheikhs (new Muslims), and want their women to put scarf and be
at home.
Similarly, the cut on Indus and hence decrease in Kihals livelihood has turned Kihal
women into street beggars and thus exposed them to discrimination and violence in the
markets and streets.
Registration of National Identity Cards (NIC)
We used to shift along / across the river Indus, and Thal desert, but the dams, barrages
and canals have locked us in little pockets (areas). Now we can not shift a great deal;
instead we usually remain in union councils, tehsil council and district council
boundaries. Thus we need National Identity Cards, to participate in elections, said
Ghulam Haider Kihals, Thala Baloo Ram, D I Khan.
While the government of Pakistan claim success towards women's political
empowerment (17% representation in assemblies and 33% representation in districts
governments), the Kihal women, and men too, are still deprived of their right to vote and
opinion. Although this community live there for centuries, but they are never registered
as citizens and never counted during elections.
Registration of National Identity Cards of the indigenous minorities is a bit tricky.
National Database Regulatory Authority (NADRA) usually ask for some documentary
proof of residence or some certificate e.g. school leaving certificate, birth certificate etc 6

the indigenous minorities have none of such documents. Some of NADRA staff even
claimed that because the indigenous minorities have been living a pastoral life, therefore,
they can not get NICs. DAMAAN Development Organization did following to resolve
the issue:
i.

Argued with the NADRA staff at D I Khan and Taunsa centres.

ii.

Wrote letter to NADRA officials at Multan and Peshawar regions to waive

off some formalities for the Kihals.

iii.

Discussed with the concerned councilors, women councilors, local NGOs

and local human rights activists.

iv.

Wrote a letter, jointly signed by the concerned councilors, NGOs

representatives etc, and sent to the regional offices of NADRA.

Issues raised by Indigenous minorities of Indus:

During a recent cultural and livelihood festival and a meeting between councilor and
indigenous minorities, these groups raised following issues:
i.

The government shall abolish the contract system on fishing, and

acknowledge Kihals right over fish.

ii.

Construction of dams and canals is continuously looting Kihals of their

livelihood sources, mainly fish and forests. Therefore, no further cut on
Inuds.

iii.

The local landlords encroach the riverine lands and do not allow the
community to set kulis (huts) and harvest kaanb to make tokery.

iv.

The government should allot the riverine and desert land to Kihals who
live on river OR al least declare 3-4 km of lands on each side of the river
as commons mainly for indigenous minorities.

v.

The indigenous minorities should have their own members / councilors /

representatives in assemblies.

vi.

The sanitation waste from the cities is contaminating our river, and our
drinking water; Now we can not drink the same river-water flowing infront of us; we have to go far away to fetch water from hand-pumps.

vii.

The indigenous minorities need schools for their children.

Livelihood and cultural festival was successful in terms of perceived output:

i.

An opportunity to bring various indigenous minorities groups together,

mainly Kihals, Odes, Musali, Ddakhney etc.

ii.

The festival provided an opportunity of life-sharing with non-target

groups, like Ddakhney, Musali, Bhand and many more.

iii.

The most important, that the festival established a trust among the
indigenous minorities in terms of Identity Card registration and other
initiatives from DAMAAN.

Constraints so far:
i.

The indigenous groups look scared of written words / laws, and of

urbanites, and therefore, take quite some time to trust the visitors and mix
with.

ii.

The Kihals live 6 10 km far from the mainstream (roads etc) towards
rivers. It is difficult to approach them as travels cost huge budget.

iii.

Although, DAMAAN has been successful so far in approaching Kihals

and Ode women and inviting them in the meetings along with their men,
however, the men usually hesitate to get their women mix, talk about their
problems etc.

LITERATURE REVIEW
The delegation was led by Managing Director Muhammad Alfalasi. He admired the
CDGKs performance and said that they want to work with it on different BOT/publicprivate

partnership

projects,

particularly

in

the

real

estate

sector.

Alfalasi said that he was proud to be in the brotherly country of Pakistan, and particularly
in Karachi, where long term planning has been made by the city nazim to provide a
decent

life

to

the

citizens.

Kamal said that Karachi was emerging as a business hub of South Asia. He said that the
city government has resolved old and basic city problems and now Karachi has become a
center

of

international

trade

and

commercial

activities.

He informed the delegation that adequate land is available in Gadap Town (Northern
Bypass) for the construction of low-cost housing schemes. Currently, 2.2 million housing
units are available, whereas the annual housing unit requirement is 100,000 units and the
estimated

projection

by

the

year

2020

is

3.9

million

housing

units.

The nazim further said that the government has focused on developing the transport,
water and sewerage systems, infrastructure and the social and economic sectors, which
are

the

basic

requirements

of

the

citizens.

He said that Karachis first comprehensive Master Plan has been approved, while five
new industrial zones are to be established in Karachi for future requirements. Important
corridors of the city are also being linked with the Northern Bypass and Super Highway
to decrease the traffic problems in the inner city. He said that a 264-acre CDGK Complex
has also been planned near the Northern Bypass.
ISLAMABAD: The Executive Committee of the National Economic Council (ECNEC),
scheduled to meet on February 6 is expected to approve 32 mega projects worth billions
of

rupees

including

four

important

energy

sector

projects.

Prime Minister Mohammadmian Somroo will chair the scheduled ECNEC meeting.
To meet the severe shortage of energy, four projects consists of Uranium mining project
(Tauansa-2) at Dera Ghazi Khan Pujanb, detailed exploration of Uranium resources in
DG Khan Phase-VII (Revised), 450-500 MW combined cycle power plant at Nandipur
(Revised PC-I) and power transmission enhancement project 10 sub projects of 500 KV
and 220 KV sub stations and transmission line worth Rs 20 billion. Successful
implementation of different power related projects would improve the system security,
stability, loss reduction and reliability of the power system across the country.
The project, namely power transmission enhancement project 10 sub projects of 500 KV
and 220 KV substations and transmission line is proposed to be funded from Asian
Development Banks loan (80 percent of the project and 20 percent NTCs own
resources). Main objective of this project is enhancement in the power transmission
system by extension, augmentation and expansion of existing 500 KV and 220 KV
transmission system of NTDC (National Transmission and Dispatch Company) to meet
the

requirements

of

growth

of

power

demand

in

the

country.

For additional power generation requirement, officials in the Planning Commission said
emphasis was laid on the development of indigenous resources, i.e. hydro, coal, natural
gas and nuclear. It was planned that to add about 1260 MW through hydro, 900 MW on
coal, 4860 MW combined cycle on gas, 160 MW on oil and 700 MW through renewable
energy resources wind and solar to be exploited by the year 2010. The officials further
said that a 325 MW power plant capacity was expected to be increase in the system by
the

year

2011.

The transport and communication sector consists of 10 developmental projects for

coming ECNEC meeting including the project of widening and strengthening of Rakhi
Gaaj-Bewata

Section

(N-70)

worth

Rs

10.009

billion.

10

The higher education sector has six projects. The science and technology sector has two
projects, health sector has five projects, Physical Planning and Housing sector has two
projects for ECNEC. The Industry and commerce sector and devolution and area
development

sector

has

single

project

each.

The water sector has only one important project, Punjab Irrigation System Improvement
Project worth Rs 6.572 billion. Purpose of the project is to improve irrigation system of
Punjab. Efficient irrigation system includes minimisation of seepage losses and losses
due

to

breaches

and

control

of

water-logging

and

salinity.

The Punjab government has requested the Japan Bank for International Cooperation
(JBIC) through the EAD to provide funds for rehabilitation of irrigation system. It is
planned to line some distributaries and minors of Bahawalpur, Faisalabad and DG Khan
Irrigation Zones. Main goal of this project is to restore the sustainability of irrigated
agriculture.
farazilu
February 3rd, 2008, 06:49 PM
i hope they can cancel the project so we can save trees in pakistan.
KB
February 3rd, 2008, 07:44 PM
This project was cancelled ages ago...hence you dont see any posts in 2yrs.
And environmental concerns was exactly the reason for it.
UnitedPakistan
February 3rd, 2008, 07:46 PM
They are talks of renewing it now that the Chief Justice is gone. Haven't heard anything
official yet...Probably, won't hear anything until after elections if it is going to be revived.
pakboy
February 3rd, 2008, 08:29 PM
well maybe i was right cos they are building a new big resort in mangla and the new
rawalkot city :)

11

RESEARCH MYTHOLOGY
The project involves a 42-km underground tunnel that will divert the waters of Neelam
river in Azad Kashmir to Jhelum, which flows through the plains of Pakistani provinces
of Punjab and Sind. Neelam flows from India into Pakistan across the Line of Control.
India has built the Krishna Gaga Hydro-electricity project on this side of the border.
"The project is in the construction mobalisation stage. The contractor is involved in
landscaping and making arrangements for its employees to work there. About 20
employees are already there. This is going to be a technically superior project," Zersis
Rustom Birdie, general manager of Adamjee Insurance Company, the biggest privately
run insurance company in Pakistan, told TNN in an interview here on Sunday.
The main contract for civil works has gone to Gezhouba Construction Group of China,
which built the massive Three Gorges Project in China. CMCE, a Beijing based
contractor, has been awarded mechanical and electrical works of the project. The
construction phase is 93 months. But the contractors would be expected to supervise the
project for another 12 months.
India has already objected to the project on the ground that it did not meet some of the
conditions stipulated in a river sharing agreement between the two countries. For one
thing, Pakistan has already exceeded the time-limit specified in the agreement, sources
said.
But the Pakistani move to award the contract to Chinese companies is believed to be a
cause for concern to New Delhi, which plans to erect a "security exclusion zone" for
Chinese power equipment manufacturers so that they do not invest in bordering states of
Arunachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir.
The Neelam-Jhelum project in Azad Kashmir is not too far from the Indian border. In
fact, much of Azad Kashmir is made up of the Neelam valley, which is a 144 km long
bow-shaped forested region.

12

An interesting aspect of the project is that international reinsurance companies like Swiss
Re and Munich Re are shying away from the opportunity to sell their risk covers.
Reinsurers are worried about war risk, terrorism risk and the possibility of earthquake
damaging the underground tunnels in the project. These reinsurers have quoted extremely
high premium rates of 1.4 per cent to 1.5 per cent to cover the project, Birdie said. He is
now in China trying to tie up reinsurance deals for the project with Chinese reinsurance
companies.
"We expect to get lower quotes of 0.3 per cent to 0.5 per cent from the Chinese
reinsurers. This is much, much different from the 1.4 per cent and more quoted by Swiss
Re and other big reinsurers," Birdie said.
The Pakistani government is expected to seek financial support of the Asian Development
Bank

and

the

International

Finance

Corporation

for

the

project.

ISLAMABAD (February 28 2008): The World Bank (WB) would provide 25 million
dollar for Balochistan Small-Scale Irrigation Project (BSSIP), which will support efforts
by the Government of Balochistan (GoB) to improve the management of scarce water
resources in the Pishin Lora Basin (PLB) by reducing the overall impact of the present
water

crisis.

The project's objectives include increasing surface water availability and reducing
groundwater depletion, increasing water productivity through a combination of
engineering, management and agricultural measures and expanding local capacity and
participation of farmers to implement similar schemes and formulate plans for sustainable
water resources development and watershed management.
The project will focus on the PLB in the northern part of Balochistan. The project will
follow three components that include partial restoration of the water storage capacity,
developing small-scale irrigation schemes in the PLB and strengthening and building the
capacity of the Irrigation and Power Department, water management institutions, and

13

Briefing reporters after the meeting, Planning Commission spokesman Muhammad Arif
Sheikh said that 12 projects worth Rs36.8 billion would be placed before the Executive
Committee of the National Economic Council (Ecnec) for approval. These projects
included 16 infrastructure development projects, costing Rs37.4 billion and 17 social
sector projects worth Rs5.4 billion.
About Rs18.9 billion would be spent on 11 projects in Sindh. The cost of two of the
projects worth Rs800 million would be shared by the federal and Sindh governments on
the 50:50 basis while one of the projects worth Rs5.1 billion would be financed by the
Sindh government.

An amount of Rs15.5 will be spent on two umbrella projects to be financed by the

Earthquake Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Authority in the Bagh and Rawalakot areas
of Azad Kashmir.
Twenty-seven projects costing Rs20.9 billion will be financed by the federal government.
One of the three projects to be initiated in Punjab -- technical assistance loan to the
Lahore Rapid Mass Transit System costing Rs500 million -- will be financed by the
Punjab government.

About Rs970 million, with a foreign exchange component of Rs179 million, will be spent
on 132kv sub-stations in Gwadar while Rs1.108 billion, including Rs126 million in
foreign exchange, will be utilised for inter-connection of nine independent power
producers with the national grid. An electricity distribution and transmission
improvement project in Multan will cost about Rs195.606 million, including Rs122.715
million in foreign exchange.

14

The development and operation of a test-pit in the leased area comprising Block-II of the
Thar Lignite Resource in Sindh will cost Rs1.24 billion, including a foreign exchange
component of Rs930 million, while Rs490.48 million will be spent on the national power
system expansion plan. Its cost includes Rs318.94 million in foreign exchange.
In the transport and communication sector, over Rs7,834 million has been set aside for
the rehabilitation of the railways assets damaged during riots after the assassination of
PPP chairperson Benazir Bhutto. The conversion of 135km Mirpurkhas-Khokhrapar
metre-gauge railway line into broad-gauge up to the Indian border will cost more than
Rs1.885 billion. An estimated amount of Rs974 million will be spent on water and power
divisions

flood

protection

projects.

In the social sector, over Rs205 million will be spent on restructuring of the Pakistan
Institute of Development Economics. Another Rs360 million has been set aside for
monitoring projects financed by the Public Sector Development Programme.
http://www.dawn.com/2008/03/02/top11.htm
singaporean
March 2nd, 2008, 01:27 PM
I don't know what's wrong with pakistani rulers around 3 years ago the build meter-guage
raliway line, now they want to convert it into Broad-guage.they should have done it
broad-guage in first attempt?
Intoxication
March 3rd, 2008, 10:56 AM
At that time it wouldn't have needed to be broad gauge. The need might have just arisen
now.
KB335ci
March 6th, 2008, 05:09 AM
At that time it wouldn't have needed to be broad gauge. The need might have just arisen
now.

15

Talking to APP, Deputy Director Works & Services Department Tank, Engr Abdur Rashid
Khan said that special focus are being given on infrastructure improvement in under
developed areas of the province. The government in fiscal year 2005-06 and 2006-07, he
said executed dozens of developmental projects in education, health, communication,
agriculture, sanitation and other social sectors that showing positive results. In
communication sector, he said Rs 355.34 millions are being spent on major schemes like
repair and widening of 24-kms black topped Tajori road via Daud Khel, Umar Adda, Kiri
Haider, Chesan Kach, construction of remaining portion of Tank-Pezu road besides
Waren Bridge on Tank Wana road, up-gradation of Tank Chowk square and dualisation of
black

topped

road

leading

to

Jandola

and

Khan

(7.03

kilometer).

Special focus are being made on education sector, he said adding that schemes worth
millions of rupees include construction of three additional classrooms, up-gradation of
primary schools to middle level in NWFP with phase-II GGPS Tajori (Sharif Abbad),
provision of basic facilities including construction of wash rooms, boundary walls, sitting
up of GGPS in Mohallah Mahsudan Tank City-II and GPS Urdu Kalay Dabarah will help
improve infrastructure, standard of education and increase students enrolment.
"The provincial government is mulling to upgrade 108 middle schools to high level in
NWFP whereas in Tank's share is up gradation of GGMS Pai and GGMS No 1 Amakhel."
In another package of basic facilities to primary schools scheme phase IV, the provincial
government has allocated a special fund of Rs 9.590 million, he added.
Under NWFP Phase-III Project, three primary schools in Pehlwan Koruna, Kahu and
Rashmen Kach were being set up in addition to GGPS at Jalalkot, Mohallah Barkiabad,
Imam Din Koruna, Din Muhammad Koruna, and boys primary schools at Muhammad
Jan

Pir

Kach,

Yar

Muham

mad

Nar

Naurang

and

Rehmat

Shah

Tank.

Up-gradation of GGPS Yar Muhammad Koruna Pathankot to middle level and

establishment of seven new primary schools bother for girls and boys were being built
under various ADP schemes. Referring to developmental works in secondary education,

16

Rashid Khan informed that Rs 157.863 million are being spent on 11 schemes whereas
three of them had already been completed. Apart from reconstruction of compact building
of Government Centennial Model High School No 1 Tank, up-gradation of GMS
Maghzai and GGMS Shahbaz, construction/repair of GGHSs and GHHS No 2 Tank City,
GGHS Gul Imam and construction of additional class rooms in GGPS Chesan Kach,
GGPS Mohallah Mahsudan, Tank City and GGPS Raghza, Govt High School Amakhel
mega

schemes

will

help

increase

the

children

enrolment.

Under various ADP schemes, he said that new classrooms in primary, middle and high
schools would be constructed besides up-gradating middle and high schools.
Likewise, he said that government has given special focus on the promotion of health
sector to mitigate suffering of ailing humanity. Likewise Rs 321.645 million will be
utilised on improvement and standardisation of District Headquarter Hospital Tank, up
gradation of RHC Amakhel to Category-D hospital, rehabilitation/repair of health outlets
and establishment of BHUs etc in Tank. The official said that PC-I for the construction of
new building for Patwar Khana and Muhafiz Khana had been sent to the Chief Engineer
Works and Services Peshawar for approval. Pakistan is a agriculture country, he said
adding that green revolution will come only by giving top priority to this sector.
Construction work on new blocks in veterinary dispensary Seri Naurang and Mian Bagh
was in progress and would be completed with an estimated cost of Rs 3.994 million. He
said that Technical and Vocational Center (for Women) will also be set up in Tank.
Engineer Rashid Khan hoped that all the ongoing projects would be completed before the
schedule time. Now it is hoped that after the formation of NWFP government, the
development would further accelerated in Tank.

17

FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS

ISLAMABAD: The federal government has earmarked Rs 11.218 billion in Public Sector
Development Programme (PSDP) 2008-09 for the development of industrial
infrastructure.

Such huge spending would help the government to increase production besides to
stimulate country's export. It would also help in improving efficiency and
competitiveness of the local industrial sectors.
Out of the total allocation, Rs10.448 billion be given to the projects related to the
ministry of industry, production and special initiatives for 19 ongoing projects with
allocation Rs.4.503 billion, 15 new development schemes with Rs.5.945 billion and
Rs769.578

million

for

textile

related

on-going

six

projects.

The new projects would greatly helps in improving industrial production of the country.
These development schemes and there allocation in the PSDP 2008-09 are: 'Sialkot
Business and Commerce Center (CBCC) worth Rs.161 million', 'China-Pak: Economic
Zone Hattar, NWFP worth Rs.75 million', 'Establishment of Industrial Estate Khushhal
Ghar, NWFP worth Rs.10 million', 'Area Development and EPZ in Balochistan worth
Rs.5 billion', 'Improving, re-habilitation and modernisation of industrial estates, NWFP
worth Rs.75 million'.
Other new projects are: Chromite benefication plant muslim bagh worth Rs 8.380
million', 'Women business development centre, Peshawar worth Rs 18 million', 'Revivial
of Hyderabad leather foot wear centre, Hyderabad worth Rs 11.620 million', 'SME sub
contracting exchange in Gujranwala worth Rs 16 million', 'Washing and impressing unit,
Mutta Mughal Kheal, Charsadda NWFP worth Rs 2.380 million', 'Women business
development centre Karachi worth Rs 17.680 million', 'Policy and project
implementation, monitoring and evaluation unit (PPIMEU) worth Rs 19 million', 'Energy
efficiency for textile centre in Pakistan worth Rs 20.010 million', 'Prime Minister's

18

special initiative for village product specialisation worth Rs 500 million', and
'Construction of boundary wall site office for Gwadar EPZ worth Rs 11.251 million'.
Allocations in the PSDP 2008-09 for textile related six developmental schemes are:
'Lahore garment city project, Punjab worth Rs 147.640 million', 'Faisalabad garment city
project, Punjab worth Rs 367.682 million', 'Providing and laying dedicated 48 inch
diameter mild steel water main for textile city Karachi worth Rs 218 million', 'Export
development plan implementation unit worth Rs 18.200 million', 'Up-gradation of EDF
funded textile institutes worth Rs 16.856 million', and 'Holding of conferences and
seminars worth Rs 1.200 million'.
The government hopes that spending in textile related projects would definitely help in
improving textile products and it would ultimately lead increase in country's exports.
Textile is major source of foreign exchange earning for the country.

US proposal seeks to include and qualify areas adjacent to Federally Administered Tribal
Areas (FATA) into proposed ROZs package for duty free treatment of goods produced in
these ROZs at the time of their imports in US.

According to a research by Pakistani authorities, $1 billion market access to Pakistan

would enable the country to generate 200,000 job opportunities and would benefit
indirectly 1.2 million family members of the workers in FATA area.

These proposals were the result of a study commissioned by Ministry of Commerce

which indicated that poverty and regional disparity in depressed areas spawns extremism.
Unemployment in these areas was a major factor breeding extremism and educated
unemployed in age between 20 to 25 years are more prone to extremism.

19

Based on Pakistans competitiveness and existing export profile to United States,

Pakistan has the potential to export top 41 hot selling textiles and clothing items and 30
non-textile items through utilising these facilities. Pakistan is of the view that despite
high US import tariffs, Pakistan has substantial exports in these products, and therefore
these must not be excluded from duty free market access.

Pakistan would extend existing incentives, regulatory structure available for Export
Processing Zones to ROZs which include full ownership rights, full repatriation of capital
and profits, no minimum or maximum limit would be fixed for investment in ROZs, duty
free import of machinery. There would be no sales tax on electricity and gas consumed
in the said units and Foreign Exchange Control Regulation of Pakistan would not be
applicable to investment made in ROZs, said the official. A team of management and
technology consultants hired by US government visited Pakistan to identify possible
locations and products to be included in ROZs package. The US fact finding mission,
after visiting different locations has recommended potential locations which could be
considered for ROZs to meet the following criteria: existing and future planned
infrastructure, having access to transportation, power, water and land title, having
availability of raw materials, components and security.

The fact finding mission has also recommended that if the locations within the territories
are not commercially feasible, locations near the territories should be considered. The
fact finding mission was comfortable with the idea of locating ROZs outside the tribal
areas in the first phase as proposed by Pakistan. The mission also held that scope of
products for duty free status depend on existing business and production capacity,
including, but not limited to, those products where either or both countries are currently
competitive and represent export potential to the US market and ROZs would not be
product specific, the official maintained.

20

According to the official, rules of origin would be framed in a manner to facilitate trade;
afghan content in value addition in ROZs may be different for different products. In case
raw materials can not be sourced from Afghanistan, the element of Afghan content would
not be required. The strategic objectives of the ROZs concept include promoting
investment in economically depressed areas in Pakistan and Afghanistan. Provide
incentives to Pakistan and Afghanistan governments and private sectors to cooperate on
economic projects. To promote regional stability, security and economic growth through
allowing duty free market access to the US for Pakistani and Afghan Products. These
objectives are important element in Pakistan and Afghanistan and United States collective
counter terrorism and regional economic integration strategies.

Infrastructure plays a pivotal role in the development and a major contributor to growth
of a country. A strong efficient and affordable infrastructure is critical element of good
investment climate and therefore is precondition to sustain the growth momentum. High
growth in recent years is increasing pressure on existing infrastructure in Pakistan.
The government is committed to develop infrastructure utilizing its own limited resources
and by extensive privatization and through inflow of foreign direct Investment.

21

RECOMMENDATIONS
The major focus of development this year will be on development of infrastructure in
industrial

estates

in

Karachi,

Nooriabad,

Hyderabad

and

Sukkur,

etc.

A major scheme for which Rs200 million has been earmarked is laying of water pipeline
from Keenjhar Lake to the Site Nooriabad, in addition to construction of a 5 MGD
(million gallons per day) filter plant at Site Hyderabad at a cost of Rs10 million, and
establishment of development and management companies in Site Sukkur and Kotri at a
cost of Rs500 million. Another scheme is to set up a small industrial estate for powerlooms

in

Hyderabad

on

five

acres

at

cost

of

Rs10

million.

In the development plan for industries in 2008-09, Rs1,007 million will be spent on new
schemes while Rs378 million have been allocated for 10 ongoing schemes. Of the
ongoing schemes, a major allocation of Rs158 million has been made for a small
industrial estate at Northern Bypass in Karachi, extension of small industrial estates at
Hyderabad at Rs15.5 million, a small industrial estate at Ghotki at Rs10.6 million, a
Sindh handicraft display centre in Islamabad at Rs31.3 million and a small industrial
estate at Naushahro Feroze at Rs15 million and upgradation of nine small industrial
estates at Thatta, Sanghar, Dadu, Hala, Badin, Nawabshah, Rohri, Sehwan and
Mirpurkhas at a cost of Rs17 million.
Among the on-going schemes being implemented by Site Ltd Rs71 million has been
earmarked for improvement of infrastructure facilities in various estates at Karachi,
Nooriabad, Kotri, Hyderabad and Sukkur.
Industries secretary Mohsin Haqqani told Dawn on Wednesday that under the new
industry setup in which labour and transport departments have been separated, it would
have more time to focus on industrial development.
He said that the ministry was preparing a plan for rapid industrialisation in the province,
especially

in

the

interior,

to

create

job

employment

opportunities.

22

Marla Menorah, a former additional secretary and now consultant to the ministry, told
Dawn that despite a policy of austerity and cuts in expenditures, the government has
increased outlay for industrial development from Rs722 million to Rs1,129 million this
year.
In a major move to expedite industrial development in the interior, the ministry lifted a
decade-old ban on sugar mills and issued permission to set up six new mills in areas
having abundance of sugarcane.

The ministry also released Rs250 million each this year for development of infrastructure
at four industrial areas in Karachi, namely Korangi, Landhi, North Karachi and Federal
A meeting of the federal cabinet, presided over by Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gilani, on
Wednesday approved a project to generate power from Thar coal to overcome electricity
shortages, and authorised Ogra to fix gas prices in future. A project to run 8,000 CNG
buses

in

nine

cities

was

also

approved.

The cabinet has discussed a proposal to control smuggling of wheat through a price
mechanism, Information Minister Sherry Rehman told a briefing after the meeting. But
she did not say whether the cabinet had approved the proposal or not.

Wheat prices in Pakistan are still very low, compared to its global and regional prices. It
is because of this price difference that the grain is being smuggled to Afghanistan and
other countries, she said.

23

The cabinet discussed the current wheat availability situation, needs of the four provinces
and the rising price trend in different parts of the country.

It decided that a committee, headed by the federal finance minister and comprising
representatives of the provinces, would take measures to ensure availability of wheat
across the country and devise a mechanism to ensure uniform prices.
We want to make Pakistan a wheat- and food-secure country and will continue to
monitor the availability of essential food items on a regular basis. The provinces are on
board on this issue. We will not let anyone create another wheat crisis, she maintained.
In reply a question about the rising food and oil prices, the minister said the government
was still giving a subsidy of Rs1 billion a day (in spite of increasing oil and power
prices). Irresponsible pricing can also lead to problems like higher budgetary deficit. We
have to strike a balance. It is especially critical because the escalating global oil prices are
creating problems for us.
The Planning Commissions vice-chairman gave a presentation on consumer pricing and
control mechanism. Ms Rehman said the meeting had decided to form a cell to be
represented by the four provinces. It will look into the issue and decide if a new body for
that is needed.
The cabinet also constituted a secretaries committee, headed by the federal finance
minister, to monitor movement and availability of commodities and their prices on a daily
basis.
State Bank Governor Dr Shamshad Akhtar gave a presentation on inflation and said the
country was importing a major percentage of inflation because of the rising global oil and
food prices.

24

Global oil and food prices have gone up by 50 to 100 per cent and we being a net oil and
food importer cannot escape its effects, she said.
The SBP governor stressed the need for reducing budgetary deficit and imposing fiscal
discipline. She urged the government to reduce dependence on borrowings from the
central bank to bridge the fiscal deficit because it meant printing new currency and higher
KHAIRPUR: The Provincial Minister for Construction and Communication, Manzoor
Hussain Wassan said that they have spread a network of roads throughout the country and
the service of masses without any discrimination will be continued. This he stated while
addressing a mass public gathering after laying foundation stone of the construction of
Benazir

Bhutto

Shaheed

Bypass

near

Khairpur

on

Tuesday.

Manzoor Hussain Wassan said that more than 76 new roads will be constructed with the
cost of 2 billion rupees in district Khairpur. He further said that more than 40, 000 jobs
will be provided to unemployed youths and the PPP Government will continue its tenure
because PPP has the support of the masses.
KARACHI: National Bank of Pakistan (NBP) acting as lead adviser and arranger and
Bank Alfalah as co-arranger, along with a consortium of banks, signed financing
agreements for Rs6.52 billion with Fauji Akbar Portia Marine Terminals (FAP), a joint
venture between Fauji Foundation and Akbar Group.

The venture to be set up will be Pakistans first dedicated grain and fertiliser terminal at
the Port Qasim on build-own-transfer (BOT) basis under an implementation agreement
with the Port Qasim Authority (PQA) valid for a period of 30 years.
The signing ceremony was attended by Chairman FAP, Lt Gen (Retd) Syed Arif Hasan,
who is also Managing Director of Fauji Foundation, President National Bank Syed Ali
Raza, other leading bankers, Directors of FAP and senior executives of NBP.
A press release issued by the NBP on Friday said that this coincided with the celebration

25

of PQAs 35th anniversary and was its latest pioneering development in dedicated
terminals to handle essential commodities following the existing container, oil, liquid
cargo, chemical, LPG, coal and iron ore terminals.
This state-of-the-art terminal will have a design capacity of handling over 4 million
tonnes of products a year for all dry bulk cargoes imported to or exported from Pakistan
through PQA. The terminal will be equipped with fully automated un-loaders, silos for
grain storage, fertiliser storage, conveying systems and automated bagging lines.
The press release said that turnaround time of vessels would be reduced and bulk silo
storage made available at the terminals dedicated jetty and back up area. This will not
only reduce the handling cost, but also cut down on the wastage. On commencement of
operations in 2010, this terminal will add to the infrastructure at PQA, reduce port
congestion and vessels waiting time.
National Bank of Pakistan through its Investment Banking Division was able to arrange
this ten year non recourse project financing in record time, as a result of which, FAP was
able to meet project commencement timelines under the implementation agreement with
PQA and finalise award of contracts with China Harbour and Engineering Company as
the Design-Build Contractor, Vigan SA of Belgium and Chief Industries UK as the
Machinery & Equipment Supplier.

Construction of this infrastructure project is of national importance to handle essential

commodities such as wheat and is expected to commence immediately after registration
of contracts with State Bank of Pakistan. It is scheduled for completion twenty four
months thereafter.

26

KARACHI: Sindh Minister for Law and Parliamentary Affairs, Muhammad Ayaz
Soomro has said that the government would start a fast train service between Larkana and
Karachi besides establishing a dry port in Larkana district. This he said while talking to
different delegations of Larkana, who called on him on Friday at his office. Minister said
that the government would provide all the basic facilities in Larkana and make it a
model

district

according

to

the

wishes

of

Shaheed

Benazir

Bhutto.

Government was laying a network of uplift projects in the district and soon people would
feel a positive change, he added. Ayaz Soomro said that establishment of dry port in the
district would enhance job opportunities for unemployed youth. He said that a PIA flight
for Larkana was also being started, owing to the importance of the district and it would
greatly benefit masses. Soomro further said that PPP had vowed to make the Larkana
district a corporation and that pledge had been fulfilled.
singaporean
July 26th, 2008, 03:20 PM
THATTA: An amount of Rs500million would be spent to develop the coastal areas of
districts Thatta and Badin and to provide their residents potable water and revive the
mangroves forests in the delta area.

BADIN, July 30: The district will be developed on modern lines through budgetary
allocation from federal, provincial, and district governments, said Speaker National
Assembly Dr Fehmida Mirza during a meeting with the EDOs, here on Tuesday,
She said a park would be built to provide recreational facilities to women and children,
and an auditorium and a theatre to enhance social activities in the district. Besides,
festivals, variety shows, and Meena Bazaars would be arranged on special occasions such
as the Independence Day.
Plans are afoot to make Badin a model district under the Sindh City Improvement
Programme (CIP) on upper Sindh pattern.She said towns and villages would be
connected with road network at a cost of Rs1 billion, while plantation under

27

Beautification

Plan

would

soon

begin

in

each

taluka

of

the

district.

She said a virtual university would also be established in the district. The Speaker took
serious notice of complaints against land mafia and ordered strict action against them.
She was informed that an amount of Rs1 billion as production share was outstanding
against the British Oil Company and the same should be given to district. She assured
that the matter would be referred to minister for petroleum and Chief Minister Sindh,
Syed Qaim Ali Shah.
The EDO Revenue Dr Kazim Jatoi, EDO Agriculture Abdul Sattar Bhutto, EDO
Education Mohammad Ali Memon, EDO Health Abdul Sattar Channa, DPO Fida
Hussain Mastoi, former district nazim Sardar Kamal Khan Chang and others attended the
meeting.
singaporean
July 31st, 2008, 11:36 AM
NAWABSHAH, July 30: The Provincial Institute of Teachers Education (PITE)
Nawabshah has been affiliated with the Sindh University, said MNA Dr Azra Pechuho.
Addressing a news conference at the press club, here on Wednesday, she further said that
the classes of BEd and MEd would begin soon at the institute but with the assistance of
Aga Khan University which plans providing curriculum and teachers, along with video
conferences.
She said as majority of rural girls could not continue their education after class 5 or 6,
therefore they would be provided free education, transportation facilities in model school.
In addition, she said the institute would provide training in computers, typing,
telemarketing, book keeping and others.
ISLAMABAD, July 31: Four development projects for Rawalpindi and Islamabad
included in the Public Sector Development Programme (PSDP) might be executed under
the Public Private Partnership (PPP) programme as the federal government lacks funds.

28

Dawn has learnt that the four projects are among the 20 mega projects, costing a total of
Rs165 billion, which the ministry of finance wants to be removed from the PSDP and
given to its Infrastructure Project Development Facility (IPDF) for executing them in
partnership with the private sector.
We have sent a summary to the prime minister to transfer to IPDF over 20 projects in
various sectors as it would save a huge amount of Rs165 billion of the PSDP thus giving
a relief to the government, head of IPDF, Ghulam Murtaza Satti, said on Thursday after
chairing a meeting.
These projects include construction of IT Parks in Islamabad and Karachi, up gradation
of PIMS Hospital in Islamabad, construction of Rawalpindi Bypass, development of Leh
Nullah Expressway, FaisalabadKhanewal Expressway, PeshawarTorkham Highway,
JPMC Karachi Medical Tower.
Mr Satti said that the proposal has been moved on the special directives of PPP cochairman Asif Ali Zardari to accelerate infrastructure development activities in the
country.
These are testing times for the government. Faced with rising inflation, caused by rising
prices of oil and other commodities, it would find extremely difficult to fund the entire
Rs540 billion PSDP for the 2008-09 financial year.
If these 20 projects are transferred to IPDF, it would provide a major relief to the
government by involving private sector's financing, Mr Satti said.
He urged the government's economic managers to intensify cooperation and coordination
with the IPDF. Executing these projects under the PPP framework would not only fetch
private sector's investments but also improve the living standards by generating allround
economic activity.

29

He explained that the Public Private Partnership (PPP) is a framework under which the
government agency, IPDF, is attracting foreign as well as local financing from the private
sector in various mega infrastructure development projects. This concept was initiated in
Britain and now most of the developed states have adopted this option, which has led to
record development in all sectors in these countries.
Quoting the cases of Australia, Canada, Britain, USA, Egypt, South Africa and India, the
IPDF head said that these countries were successfully executing multiple projects
especially in education, transportation, health and social development sectors.

30

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Chashma Sugar Mills The Dust of Empire: The Race for Mastery in
the Asian Heartland, Karl E. Meyer

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^ PAKISTAN-AFGHANISTAN RELATIONS IN THE POST-9/11

ERA, October 2006, Frdric GrareChashma Sugar Mills

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Chashma

Sugar

Mills

^ "Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

(province,

Pakistan) :: Geography Britannica Online Encyclopedia". Britannica.com.

Retrieved 2010-05-25.
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^ "District wise area and population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa".

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Dawn.Com. 2012-11-29. Retrieved 2013-05-24.

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^ "Cold weather in upper areas & dry weather observed in almost all
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31