Você está na página 1de 66

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC

Quality Products at Competitive Prices

ANSI Silicone Distribution


Dead End and Suspension
Insulator Catalog

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


251 Harris Bridge Road
Woodruff, SC 29388 USA

Phone: (864) 476-6360


FAX: (864) 476-6376

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


Quality Products At Competitive Prices

PBI Supplies Silicone Shed Distribution Dead-End


Insulators Manufactured to ANSI C29.13 Standards
In15kV, 25kV and 35kV Voltage Classes. Custom
Designs are Available Upon Request.

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


251 Harris Bridge Road
P.O. Box 849
Woodruff, SC 29388

Phone: (864) 476-6360


FAX: (864) 476-6376

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


Quality Products at Competitive Prices

ANSI Silicone
Dead-End
Insulators

Data Sheet Silicone Distribution


Dead-Ends

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


251 Harris Bridge Road
P.O. Box 849
Woodruff, SC 29388

Phone: (864) 476-6360


FAX: (864) 476-6376

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


Quality Products at Competitive Prices

Catalog Number

Silicone Distribution
Dead-Ends
15kV, 25kV, 35kV

9510015

9510025

9510035

15
65
90
150
15
10
15000
7500
40
12.5
16.5
7.5
Silicone
Forged Steel

25
110
130
220
20
10
15000
7500
40
17.5
24.5
11.0
Silicone
Forged Steel

35
130
145
250
30
10
15000
7500
40
20.5
31.0
14.5
Silicone
Forged Steel

Specifications

Voltage Class, kV
Low Frequency Wet Flashover (kV)
Low Frequency Dry Flashover (kV)
Critical Impulse Flashover - Positive (kV)
Radio Influence Test Voltage (kV)
Maximum RIV @ 1000 kHz (Microvolts)
Specified mechanical Load (Lbs)
Tension Proof Load (Lbs)
Torsional Strength (Ft-Lbs)
Unit Length (Inches)
Minimum Creepage Distance (Inches)
Minimum Dry Arcing Distance (Inches)
Shed Material
End Fitting Material
Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC
251 Harris Bridge Road
P.O. Box 849
Woodruff, SC 29388

Phone: (864) 476-6360


FAX: (864) 476-6376

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


Quality Products at Competitive Prices

ANSI Silicone
Dead-End
Insulators

Silicone Distribution Dead-End


Drawings

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


251 Harris Bridge Road
P.O. Box 849
Woodruff, SC 29388

Phone: (864) 476-6360


FAX: (864) 476-6376

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


Quality Products At Competitive Prices

PBI Supplies Silicone Shed Suspension Insulators


Manufactured to ANSI C29.12 Standards In 69kV,
115kV, 230kV and 500kV Voltage Classes. Other
Voltage Classes are Available Upon Request.

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


251 Harris Bridge Road
P.O. Box 849
Woodruff, SC 29388

Phone: (864) 476-6360


FAX: (864) 476-6376

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


Quality Products at Competitive Prices

ANSI Silicone
Suspension
Insulators

Data Sheet - Silicone Suspensions

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


251 Harris Bridge Road
P.O. Box 849
Woodruff, SC 29388

Phone: (864) 476-6360


FAX: (864) 476-6376

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


Quality Products at Competitive Prices

Silicone Shed
Composite Suspension
Insulators
69kV, 115kV, 230kV, 500kV

Part Number

9710010

9710013

9710017

9710019

Voltage Class, kV

69

115

230

500

Low Frequency Wet Flashover (kV)

185

230

395

740

Low Frequency Dry Flashover (kV)

220

270

425

920

Critical Impulse Flashover - Positive (kV)

360

550

1000

2240

Specified mechanical Load (Lbs)

20000

20000

20000

36000

Tension Proof (Lbs)

10000

10000

10000

18000

Unit Length L (Inches)

37.00

48.82

88.19

175.2

Minor Shed Diameter D1 (Inches)

4.45

4.45

4.45

4.68

Major Shed Diameter D2 (Inches)

5.75

5.83

5.83

6.06

Minimum Creepage Distance (Inches)

74.8

111.0

193.0

496.1

Minimum Dry Arcing Distance (Inches)

27.6

39.4

74.8

157.5

Shed Material

Silicone

Silicone

Silicone

Silicone

End Fitting Material

Forged
Steel

Forged
Steel

Forged
Steel

Forged
Steel

Specifications

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


251 Harris Bridge Road
P.O. Box 849
Woodruff, SC 29388

Phone: (864) 476-6360


FAX: (864) 476-6376

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


Quality Products at Competitive Prices

ANSI Silicone
Suspension
Insulators

Silicone Suspension Drawings

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


251 Harris Bridge Road
P.O. Box 849
Woodruff, SC 29388

Phone: (864) 476-6360


FAX: (864) 476-6376

Drawing Number: 9710010

Piedmont
Bushings &
Insulators
Revision Desription

Date:

Catalog Number:
Description:

November 12, 2003

69kV - 20,000 Lb. Silicone Shed Composite Suspension Insulator

Reference:

Tolerances Unless Otherwise Noted

Revision Date

.XXX: 0.005
.XX: 0.01
FRACTION: 1/32
ANGLE: 1 Degree

Specifications

Materials
Core Rod
Sheds
Metal Fittings
Dimensional Data
Unit Length - (Inches) [mm]
Major Shed Diameter - (Inches) [mm]
Minor Shed Diameter - (Inches) [mm]
Leakage Distance (Inches) [mm]
Arcing Distance (Inches) [mm]
Coupling Type
Mechanical Data
Specified Mechanical Load (Lbs.) [kN]
Tension Proof Load (Lbs.) [kN]
Electrical Data
Voltage Class (kV)
Low Frequency Dry Flashover (kV)
Low Frequency Wet Flashover (kV)
Critical Impulse Flashover - Positive (kV)
Critical Impulse Flashover - Negative (kV)

Approved By:

Drawn By: T. Martin

ECR Fiberglass
Light Gray Silicone
Hot Dip Galvanized Forged Steel

37.00 [940]
5.75 [146]
4.45 [113]
74.8 [1900]
27.6 [700]
Ball and Socket

2-3

20000 [100]
10000 [50]
69
220
185
360
390

Detail A

4.45 [113]

5.75 [146]

37.00 [940]

Detail A

Piedmont
Bushings &
Insulators
Revision Desription

Drawing Number: 9710013


Date:

Catalog Number:
Description:

November 12, 2003

115kV - 20,000 Lb. Silicone Shed Composite Suspension Insulator

Reference:

Tolerances Unless Otherwise Noted

Revision Date

.XXX: 0.005
.XX: 0.01
FRACTION: 1/32
ANGLE: 1 Degree

Specifications

Materials
Core Rod
Sheds
Metal Fittings
Dimensional Data
Unit Length - (Inches) [mm]
Major Shed Diameter - (Inches) [mm]
Minor Shed Diameter - (Inches) [mm]
Leakage Distance (Inches) [mm]
Arcing Distance (Inches) [mm]
Coupling Type
Mechanical Data
Specified Mechanical Load (Lbs.) [kN]
Tension Proof Load (Lbs.) [kN]
Electrical Data
Voltage Class (kV)
Low Frequency Dry Flashover (kV)
Low Frequency Wet Flashover (kV)
Critical Impulse Flashover - Positive (kV)
Critical Impulse Flashover - Negative (kV)

Approved By:

Drawn By: T. Martin

ECR Fiberglass
Light Gray Silicone
Hot Dip Galvanized Forged Steel

48.82 [1240]
5.83 [148]
4.45 [113]
111.0 [2820]
39.4 [1000]
Ball and Socket

2-3

20000 [100]
10000 [50]
115
270
230
550
570

Detail A

4.45 [113]

5.83 [148]

48.82 [1240]

Detail A

Drawing Number: 9710017

Piedmont
Bushings &
Insulators
Revision Desription

Date:

Catalog Number:
Description:

November 12, 2003

230kV - 20,000 Lb. Silicone Shed Composite Suspension Insulator

Reference:

Tolerances Unless Otherwise Noted

Revision Date

.XXX: 0.005
.XX: 0.01
FRACTION: 1/32
ANGLE: 1 Degree

Specifications

Materials
Core Rod
Sheds
Metal Fittings
Dimensional Data
Unit Length - (Inches) [mm]
Major Shed Diameter - (Inches) [mm]
Minor Shed Diameter - (Inches) [mm]
Leakage Distance (Inches) [mm]
Arcing Distance (Inches) [mm]
Coupling Type
Mechanical Data
Specified Mechanical Load (Lbs.) [kN]
Tension Proof Load (Lbs.) [kN]
Electrical Data
Voltage Class (kV)
Low Frequency Dry Flashover (kV)
Low Frequency Wet Flashover (kV)
Critical Impulse Flashover - Positive (kV)
Critical Impulse Flashover - Negative (kV)

Approved By:

Drawn By: T. Martin

ECR Fiberglass
Light Gray Silicone
Hot Dip Galvanized Forged Steel

88.19 [2240]
5.83 [148]
4.45 [113]
193.0 [4908]
74.8 [1900]
Ball and Socket

2-3

20000 [100]
10000 [50]
230
425
395
1000
1030

Detail A

4.45 [113]

5.83 [148]

88.19 [2240]

Detail A

Drawing Number: 9710019

Piedmont
Bushings &
Insulators
Revision Desription

Date:

Catalog Number:
Description:

November 12, 2003

500kV - 36,000 Lb. Silicone Shed Composite Suspension Insulator

Reference:

Tolerances Unless Otherwise Noted

Revision Date

.XXX: 0.005
.XX: 0.01
FRACTION: 1/32
ANGLE: 1 Degree

Specifications

Materials
Core Rod
Sheds
Metal Fittings
Dimensional Data
Unit Length - (Inches) [mm]
Major Shed Diameter - (Inches) [mm]
Minor Shed Diameter - (Inches) [mm]
Leakage Distance (Inches) [mm]
Arcing Distance (Inches) [mm]
Coupling Type
Mechanical Data
Specified Mechanical Load (Lbs.) [kN]
Tension Proof Load (Lbs.) [kN]
Electrical Data
Voltage Class (kV)
Low Frequency Dry Withstand (kV)
Low Frequency Wet Withstand (kV)
Critical Impulse Flashover - Positive (kV)
Critical Impulse Flashover - Negative (kV)
Switching Impulse Withstand (kV)

Approved By:

Drawn By: T. Martin

ECR Fiberglass
Light Gray Silicone
Hot Dip Galvanized Forged Steel

175.20 [4450]
6.06 [154]
4.68 [119]
496.1 [12600]
157.5 [4000]
Ball and Socket

2-3

36000 [160]
18000 [80]
500
920
740
2240
2260
1240

Detail A

4.68 [119]

6.06 [154]

175.20 [4450]

Detail A

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


Quality Products at Competitive Prices

ANSI Silicone
Suspension
Insulators

Test Reports Silicone Suspensions

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


251 Harris Bridge Road
P.O. Box 849
Woodruff, SC 29388

Phone: (864) 476-6360


FAX: (864) 476-6376

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


Quality Products At Competitive Prices

Test Report
Test Unit: 69kV 20,000 Lb. Composite Suspension Insulator

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 1 of 12

Test Unit:
OEP Part Number:
Test Type:
Referenced Standards:

69kV 20,000 Lb. Composite Suspension Insulator


9710010
Prototype, Design and Sample Test
ANSI C29.11-1989
ANSI C29.12-1997
ANSI C29.13-2000
IEC61109-1992

Date of Test:
Date Report Was Prepared:
Report Prepared By:

September 12, 1998 through November 20, 1998


December 31, 2003
Tom J. Martin

Testing Conclusion:
All units tested passed the testing according to all applicable requirements of the referenced standards.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 2 of 12

Table of Contents:
1.0 General Unit Design and Specifications
2.0 Prototype Tests
2.1 Test Unit
2.2 Tests On Interfaces and Connections of Metal Fittings
2.2.1 Power Frequency Voltage Test
2.2.2 Sudden Load Release Test
2.2.3 Thermal-Mechanical Test
2.2.4 Water PenetrationTest
2.2.5 Verification Tests
2.2.5.1 Visual Examination
2.2.5.2 Steep Front Impulse Voltage Test
2.2.5.3 Power Frequency Voltage Test
2.3 Core Time-Load Test
2.3.1 Test Specimens
2.3.2 Determination of Average Failing Load of The Core
2.3.3 Core Time Load Test
2.4 Housing Tracking and Erosion Test
2.5 Core Material Tests
2.5.1 Dye Penetration Test
2.5.2 Water Diffusion Test
2.5.2.1 Prestressing
2.5.2.2 Voltage Test
3.0 Design Tests
3.1 Test Unit
3.2 Lightning Impulse Withstand Test (Positive)
3.3 Low-Frequency Wet Withstand
4.0 Sample Tests
4.1 Visual Inspection and Dimensional Verification
4.2 Verification of Locking System
4.3 Mechanical Load Test
4.4 Galvanizing Test

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
7
7
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 3 of 12

1.0 General Unit Design and Specifications


See Appendix A
2.0 Prototype Tests
2.1 Test Unit
The test unit used for this Prototype Testing was a Composite Suspension insulator design representing
the entire class of Silicone Composite Suspension Insulators from 69kV to 230kV. As per the
requirement of Clause 7.1.1 of ANSI C29.11-1989, the composite insulator samples used for this
Prototype Testing had a metal-to-metal spacing of at least 800mm in length. The actual insulation
length of the test units was a minimum of 31.69 (805mm).
2.2 Tests On Interfaces and Connections of Metal Fittings
2.2.1 Power Frequency Voltage Test
Three assembled units were randomly selected and subjected to a Power Frequency Voltage Test
per Clause 7.1.2 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.1.2 of IEC 61109-1992. The results of this
testing are shown in Table 1 below.
Test Conditions: Td = 75.2 F
Kd = 0.981

Tw = 69.8 F
Kh = 0.940

Sample Number
1
2
3

Average Value
(kV)
323.9
321.9
329.8

P = 14.674 Psi.
Corrected Value
(kV)
310.4
308.4
316.0

Table 1
2.2.2 Sudden Load Release Test
The three samples from the Power Frequency Voltage Test were subjected to a sudden load release
test according to Clause 7.1.3 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.1.3.1 of IEC61109-1992. Each
sample was subjected to 30% of the units Specified Mechanical Load (SML) which was then
suddenly released. The results of this testing are shown in Table 2 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Temperature
(F)
-7.6
-7.6
-7.6
-4 ~ -13

Load Value
(Lbs.)
6744.0
6744.0
6744.0
6744.0

Load
Releases
5
5
5
5

Results
Testing Passed
Testing Passed
Testing Passed
No Damage

Table 2

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 4 of 12

2.2.3 Thermal-Mechanical Test


Three samples were subjected to temperature variations under a mechanical load of 11240 Lbs. or
A minimum of 50% of the SML Rating according to Clause 7.1.4 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause
5.1.3.2 of IEC61109-1992. The temperature range from cold to hot during each 24 hour cycle was
-31 +/- 5 F to 122 +/- 5 F. The 24 hour temperature cycles were repeated 4 times per the standard
requirements. The initial and final dimensions of the samples are shown in Table 3 below while the
results of the testing are shown in Table 4 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3

Sample Length (Inches)


Before Test
After Test
43.98
43.98
43.91
43.91
43.84
43.84

Change
(Inches)
0.0
0.0
0.0

Table 3
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

First Cycle
TC
TH
(F)
(F)
-29.2
122
-29.2
122
-29.2
122
-31.0 122.0

Table 4

Second Cycle
Third Cycle
Fourth Cycle
Testing
TC
TH
TC
TH
TC
TH
Results
(F)
(F)
(F)
(F)
(F)
(F)
-27.4
122
-29.2
122
-31.0
122
Passed
-27.4
122
-29.2
122
-31.0
122
Passed
-27.4
122
-29.2
122
-31.0
122
Passed
-31.0 122.0 -31.0 122.0 -31.0 122.0 No Failure
(Note: TC = Cold Temperature, TH = Hot Temperature)

2.2.4 Water Penetration Test


Samples 1, 2 and 3 from previous tests were immersed in boiling deionized water, containing 0.1 %
by weight of Sodium Chloride, for 42 hours per Clause 7.1.5 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause
5.1.3.3 of IEC61109-1992. The samples were then retained in the water while the temperature was
lowered to 122 F. These samples were visually inspected and were found to have no signs of
damage. These units were subsequently used for the verification testing in Section 2.2.5.
2.2.5 Verification Tests
2.2.5.1 Visual Examination
Samples 1, 2 and 3 from the Water Penetration test were reexamined for any signs of damage
prior to proceeding with testing in Sections 2.2.5.2 and 2.2.5.3. No damage was observed.
2.2.5.2 Steep Front Impulse Voltage Test
The three test samples from the previous tests were fitted with a sharp edged electrode dividing
each sample into two equal length sections according to Clause 7.1.6.2 of ANSI C29.11-1989
and Clause 5.1.4.2 of IEC61109-1992. These samples were then subjected to an Impulse
Voltage having a rate of rise of at least 1000 kV/S for 25 positive and negative polarity
impulses. The results of this testing are shown in Table 5 below.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 5 of 12

Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Sample
Sections
2
2
2
-

Wave Front
Slope
(kV/S)
1206~1312
1000

Test Cycles
Positive
Negative
Polarity
Polarity
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25

Testing Results
No Puncture
No Puncture
No Puncture
No Puncture

Table 5
2.2.5.3 Power Frequency Voltage Test
The three test samples from previous tests were subjected to a Dry Power Frequency Flashover
Voltage Test per Clause 7.1.6.3 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.1.4.3 of IEC 61109-1992.
The average value for this test was required to be a minimum of 90% of the initial values
determined in Section 2.2.1 of this report. The results of this testing are shown in Table 6
below.
Test Conditions: Td = 53.6 F
Kd = 1.025
Sample
Number
1
2
3

90% of Base
Value From
Section 2.2.1
279.4
277.6
284.4

Tw = 49.1 F
Kh = 1.035
Average Value
(kV)
298.6
302.4
304.8

P = 14.786 Psi.

Corrected Value
(kV)
301.5
305.4
307.8

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed

Table 6
2.3 Core Time Load Test
2.3.1 Test Specimens
Six specimens were obtained from a larger group of samples. These specimens were dived into two
groups of three for the following test in Sections 2.3.2 and 2.3.3 of this report.
2.3.2 Determination of Average Failing Load of The Core
Three units from Section 2.3.1 above were subjected to an Average Failing Load Test according to
Clause 7.2.2 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.2.2.1 of IEC 61109-1992 and. The results of this
testing are shown in Table 7 below. These values will be used as base values for Section 2.3.3 of
this report.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Insulation Length
(Inches)
31.52
31.52
31.52
31.50

Failing Load
(Lbs.)
28459.7
29831.0
28684.5
-

Failure Mode
Core Breakage
Core Breakage
Core Breakage
-

Average Value
(Lbs.)
28991.6
-

Table 7

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 6 of 12

2.3.3 Core Time Load Test


Three units from Section 2.3.1 above were subjected to a load equal to 60% of the Average Failing
Load from Section 2.3.2 and maintained for a period of 96 hours according to Clause 7.2.3 of ANSI
C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.2.2.2 of IEC 61109-1992. The results of this testing are shown in Table
8 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification
Table 8

Insulation
Length
(Inches)

60% of Average
Failing Load
(Lbs.)

~ 31.69

17394.9

31.5

Withstand
Time
(Hours)
96
96
96
96

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed
No Damage

2.4 Housing Tracking and Erosion Test


Two assembled units were subjected to a tracking and erosion test according to Clause 7.3 of ANSI
C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.3 of IEC 61109-1992 and. The physical details of the test samples are shown
in Table 9 below while the results of the testing are shown in Table 10 below.
Test Conditions: Water Flow Rate (kg/m3 x h) = 0.32 0.35
Size of Droplets (m) = 5 - 10
NaCl Content of Water (kg/m3) = 9.5 10.0
Fog Chamber Temperature (C) = 22.0 24.0
Sample
Number
1
2
Table 9

Structure Creepage
Core
Length
Distance Diameter
(Inches) (Inches) (Inches)
18.52
20.87
0.94
18.52
20.87
0.94

Sample
Number
1
2
Specification
Table 10

Test
Voltage
(kV)
15.3
15.3
14~20

Cycle
Time
(Hours)
1000
1000
1000

Large Shed Details


Diameter Number In
(Inches)
Sample
5.71
2
5.71
2

Cycle
Interruptions
2
2
6

Interruption
Time
(Minutes)
10,10
10,10
15

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Sample
Orientation
Horizontal
Vertical
Both

Maximum
OverCurrent
Trips
Results
0
Passed
0
Passed
3
Passed

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

Small Shed Details


Diameter Number In
(Inches)
Sample
4.33
1
4.33
1

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 7 of 12

2.5 Core Material Tests


2.5.1 Dye Penetration Test
Ten specimens were cut from a randomly sampled production insulator and tested for dye
penetration according to Clause 7.4.1 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.4.1 of IEC 61109-1992.
These specimens, measuring 0.944 inches in diameter and 0.394 inches in length were placed
upright on a layer of steel balls and a 1% alcohol and fuchsin dye solution was poured into the glass
vessel until the dye level was 0.098 inches higher than the surface of the steel balls. The samples
remained in the glass vessel for a period of 15 minutes per the standard requirements with no signs
of penetration. The details of the samples and the test results are shown in Table 11 below.
Specimen
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Specification

Specimen Length
(Inches)
0.396
0.397
0.398
0.399
0.400
0.386
0.402
0.387
0.398
0.394
0.394 0.02

Sample Immersion Time


(Minutes)
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15

Results
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration

Table 11
2.5.2 Water Diffusion Test
2.5.2.1 Prestressing
Six specimens were cut from the same type of production insulator used in the dye penetration
testing and tested for water diffusion according to Clause 7.4.2.2 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and
Clause 5.4.2.2 of IEC 61109-1992. These specimens, measuring 0.944 inches in diameter and
1.181 inches in length, were boiled in a glass vessel containing deinonized water and 0.1 % by
weight of Sodium Chloride, for 100 hours. The specimens were removed from the boiling
water and placed in ambient temperature deionized water until cooled.
2.5.2.2 Voltage Test
The specimens from Section 2.5.2.1 above were removed from the deinoized water, dried with
filter paper and subjected to a voltage test according to Clause 7.4.2.3 of ANSI C29.11-1989
and Clause 5.4.2.3 of IEC 61109-1992 less than 3 hours after removal from the boiling water.
The results of this testing are shown in Table 12 below.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 8 of 12

Specimen
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6

Specimen
Length
(Inches)
1.183
1.186
1.188
1.183
1.183
1.187

Boiling
Time
(Hours)
100
100
100
100
100
100

Test
Voltage
(kV)
12
12
12
12
12
12

Withstand
Time
(Minutes)
1
1
1
1
1
1

Leakage
Current
(mA)
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

Specification

1.182 0.020

100

12

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed
Passed
Passed
Passed
No Puncture
or Flashover

Table 12
3.0 Design Tests
3.1 Test Unit
The test unit used for this Design Testing was the Composite Suspension insulator design shown in
Appendix A. The unit tested met the requirements of Clause 4.1 of ANSI C29.11-1989 thereby
permitting the use of the Prototype Test results detailed above for this unit.
3.2 Lightning Impulse Withstand Test
Three sample Composite Suspension Insulators were subjected to a Lightning Impulse Withstand Test
according to Clause 6.1 IEC 61109-1992. The results of this testing are shown in Table 14 below. As
the results show, the units withstood the minimum Critical-Impulse Flashover requirement from Table 2
of ANSI C29.13-2000.
Test Conditions: Td = 63.1 F
Kd = 1.018

Sample #
1
2
3
Specification

Test Wave
(s)
1.15
1.15
1.15
1.2 30%

Tw = 58.1 F
Kh = 1.000

P = 14.88 Psi.

Positive Polarity
Withstand Test Value Corrected Value
(kV)
(kV)
420.0
417.4
421.0
423.0
360.0
360.0

Withstand Time
(Seconds)
15
15
15
15

Results
No Flashover
No Flashover
No Flashover
No Flashover

Table 13
3.3 Low-Frequency Wet Withstand Test
Three sample Composite Suspension Insulators were subjected to a Low-Frequency Wet Withstand
Test according to Clause 6.2 IEC 61109-1992. The results of this testing are shown in Table 14 below.
As the results show, the units withstood the minimum Low-Frequency Wet Flashover specification
requirement.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 9 of 12

Test Conditions: Td = 53.6 F


Kd = 1.025

Tw = 49.1 F
Kh = 1.035

P = 14.786 Psi.

Rain Water Resistivity: 20.0 = 100.0-m


Rain Rate: 1.4 mm/min (Horizontal and Vertical)
Sample #
1
2
3
Specification

Applied Voltage
(kV)
187.0
187.0
187.0
185.0

Corrected Values
(kV)
185.9
185.0

Withstand Time
(Min)
1
1
1
1

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed
Passed

Table 14
4.0 Sample Tests
4.1 Visual Inspection and Dimensional Verification
Nine samples were taken from the group of units and visually inspected to verify the quality and were
measured to verify the actual dimensions against the design dimensions according to Clause 9.2 of
ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 7.2 of IEC 61109-1992. The quality of the units observed during visual
inspection was good. The galvanizing on the end fittings was consistent and the injection molding was
good. The results of the dimensional verification are shown in Table 15 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Specification

Unit Length
(Inches)
35.47
35.55
35.43
35.51
35.39
35.59
35.55
35.43
35.51
35.31 0.59

Creepage
Distance
(Inches)
82.20
81.89
82.68
82.13
82.68
81.89
81.89
81.85
82.09
81.70

End Fitting Gauging


Socket
Ball
Go-Gauge No-Go Gauge
Go-Gauge
No-Go Gauge
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go

Table 15
4.2 Verification of Locking System
Locking System Verification testing was conducted on 3 samples taken from the group of units
removed from production according to Clause 9.3 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 7.3 of IEC
61109-1992. The results of this testing are shown in Table 16 below.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 10 of 12

Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

First
15.63
13.39
26.79

Moving Load (Lbs.)


Second
20.09
17.86
17.86
5.2 56.0

Results At 56Lb.
Maximum Load
No Uncoupling
No Uncoupling
No Uncoupling
No Uncoupling

Third
22.32
17.86
35.71

Table 16
4.3 Mechanical Load Test
The 3 samples, used in the previous verification testing, were subjected to mechanical load equivalent
to the SML per Clause 9.4 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 7.4 of IEC 61109-1992. The results of this
testing are shown in Table 17 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Tensile Load
(Lbs.)
22482
22482
22482
20000

Withstand Time
(Minutes)
1
1
1
1

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed
No Failure

Table 17
4.4 Galvanizing Test
Galvanizing thickness testing was conducted on 3 samples taken from the group of units removed from
production according to Clause 9.5 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 7.5 of IEC 61109-1992. The
results of this thickness testing are shown in Table 18 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Thickness Values of Socket End Fitting


(Mils)
AA
SA
4.22
4.58
4.83
4.69
3.1

3.4

Thickness Values of Ball End Fitting


(Mils)
SA
AA
4.31
3.79
3.31
3.74
3.1

3.4

Table 18

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 11 of 12

Appendix A

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 12 of 12

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


Quality Products At Competitive Prices

Test Report
Test Unit: 115kV 20,000 Lb. Composite Suspension Insulator

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 1 of 12

Test Unit:
OEP Part Number:
Test Type:
Referenced Standards:

115kV 20,000 Lb. Composite Suspension Insulator


9710013
Prototype, Design and Sample Test
ANSI C29.11-1989
ANSI C29.12-1997
ANSI C29.13-2000
IEC61109-1992

Date of Test:
Date Report Was Prepared:
Report Prepared By:

September 12, 1998 through November 20, 1998


January 2, 2004
Tom J. Martin

Testing Conclusion:
All units tested passed the testing according to all applicable requirements of the referenced standards.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 2 of 12

Table of Contents:
1.0 General Unit Design and Specifications
2.0 Prototype Tests
2.1 Test Unit
2.2 Tests On Interfaces and Connections of Metal Fittings
2.2.1 Power Frequency Voltage Test
2.2.2 Sudden Load Release Test
2.2.3 Thermal-Mechanical Test
2.2.4 Water PenetrationTest
2.2.5 Verification Tests
2.2.5.1 Visual Examination
2.2.5.2 Steep Front Impulse Voltage Test
2.2.5.3 Power Frequency Voltage Test
2.3 Core Time-Load Test
2.3.1 Test Specimens
2.3.2 Determination of Average Failing Load of The Core
2.3.3 Core Time Load Test
2.4 Housing Tracking and Erosion Test
2.5 Core Material Tests
2.5.1 Dye Penetration Test
2.5.2 Water Diffusion Test
2.5.2.1 Prestressing
2.5.2.2 Voltage Test
3.0 Design Tests
3.1 Test Unit
3.2 Lightning Impulse Withstand Test (Positive)
3.3 Low-Frequency Wet Withstand
4.0 Sample Tests
4.1 Visual Inspection and Dimensional Verification
4.2 Verification of Locking System
4.3 Mechanical Load Test
4.4 Galvanizing Test

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
7
7
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 3 of 12

1.0 General Unit Design and Specifications


See Appendix A
2.0 Prototype Tests
2.1 Test Unit
The test unit used for this Prototype Testing was a Composite Suspension insulator design representing
the entire class of Silicone Composite Suspension Insulators from 69kV to 230kV. As per the
requirement of Clause 7.1.1 of ANSI C29.11-1989, the composite insulator samples used for this
Prototype Testing had a metal-to-metal spacing of at least 800mm in length. The actual insulation
length of the test units was a minimum of 31.69 (805mm).
2.2 Tests On Interfaces and Connections of Metal Fittings
2.2.1 Power Frequency Voltage Test
Three assembled units were randomly selected and subjected to a Power Frequency Voltage Test
per Clause 7.1.2 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.1.2 of IEC 61109-1992. The results of this
testing are shown in Table 1 below.
Test Conditions: Td = 75.2 F
Kd = 0.981

Tw = 69.8 F
Kh = 0.940

Sample Number
1
2
3

Average Value
(kV)
323.9
321.9
329.8

P = 14.674 Psi.
Corrected Value
(kV)
310.4
308.4
316.0

Table 1
2.2.2 Sudden Load Release Test
The three samples from the Power Frequency Voltage Test were subjected to a sudden load release
test according to Clause 7.1.3 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.1.3.1 of IEC61109-1992. Each
sample was subjected to 30% of the units Specified Mechanical Load (SML) which was then
suddenly released. The results of this testing are shown in Table 2 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Temperature
(F)
-7.6
-7.6
-7.6
-4 ~ -13

Load Value
(Lbs.)
6744.0
6744.0
6744.0
6744.0

Load
Releases
5
5
5
5

Results
Testing Passed
Testing Passed
Testing Passed
No Damage

Table 2

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 4 of 12

2.2.3 Thermal-Mechanical Test


Three samples were subjected to temperature variations under a mechanical load of 11240 Lbs. or
A minimum of 50% of the SML Rating according to Clause 7.1.4 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause
5.1.3.2 of IEC61109-1992. The temperature range from cold to hot during each 24 hour cycle was
-31 +/- 5 F to 122 +/- 5 F. The 24 hour temperature cycles were repeated 4 times per the standard
requirements. The initial and final dimensions of the samples are shown in Table 3 below while the
results of the testing are shown in Table 4 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3

Sample Length (Inches)


Before Test
After Test
43.98
43.98
43.91
43.91
43.84
43.84

Change
(Inches)
0.0
0.0
0.0

Table 3
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

First Cycle
TC
TH
(F)
(F)
-29.2
122
-29.2
122
-29.2
122
-31.0 122.0

Table 4

Second Cycle
Third Cycle
Fourth Cycle
Testing
TC
TH
TC
TH
TC
TH
Results
(F)
(F)
(F)
(F)
(F)
(F)
-27.4
122
-29.2
122
-31.0
122
Passed
-27.4
122
-29.2
122
-31.0
122
Passed
-27.4
122
-29.2
122
-31.0
122
Passed
-31.0 122.0 -31.0 122.0 -31.0 122.0 No Failure
(Note: TC = Cold Temperature, TH = Hot Temperature)

2.2.4 Water Penetration Test


Samples 1, 2 and 3 from previous tests were immersed in boiling deionized water, containing 0.1 %
by weight of Sodium Chloride, for 42 hours per Clause 7.1.5 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause
5.1.3.3 of IEC61109-1992. The samples were then retained in the water while the temperature was
lowered to 122 F. These samples were visually inspected and were found to have no signs of
damage. These units were subsequently used for the verification testing in Section 2.2.5.
2.2.5 Verification Tests
2.2.5.1 Visual Examination
Samples 1, 2 and 3 from the Water Penetration test were reexamined for any signs of damage
prior to proceeding with testing in Sections 2.2.5.2 and 2.2.5.3. No damage was observed.
2.2.5.2 Steep Front Impulse Voltage Test
The three test samples from the previous tests were fitted with a sharp edged electrode dividing
each sample into two equal length sections according to Clause 7.1.6.2 of ANSI C29.11-1989
and Clause 5.1.4.2 of IEC61109-1992. These samples were then subjected to an Impulse
Voltage having a rate of rise of at least 1000 kV/S for 25 positive and negative polarity
impulses. The results of this testing are shown in Table 5 below.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 5 of 12

Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Sample
Sections
2
2
2
-

Wave Front
Slope
(kV/S)
1206~1312
1000

Test Cycles
Positive
Negative
Polarity
Polarity
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25

Testing Results
No Puncture
No Puncture
No Puncture
No Puncture

Table 5
2.2.5.3 Power Frequency Voltage Test
The three test samples from previous tests were subjected to a Dry Power Frequency Flashover
Voltage Test per Clause 7.1.6.3 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.1.4.3 of IEC 61109-1992.
The average value for this test was required to be a minimum of 90% of the initial values
determined in Section 2.2.1 of this report. The results of this testing are shown in Table 6
below.
Test Conditions: Td = 53.6 F
Kd = 1.025
Sample
Number
1
2
3

90% of Base
Value From
Section 2.2.1
279.4
277.6
284.4

Tw = 49.1 F
Kh = 1.035
Average Value
(kV)
298.6
302.4
304.8

P = 14.786 Psi.

Corrected Value
(kV)
301.5
305.4
307.8

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed

Table 6
2.3 Core Time Load Test
2.3.1 Test Specimens
Six specimens were obtained from a larger group of samples. These specimens were dived into two
groups of three for the following test in Sections 2.3.2 and 2.3.3 of this report.
2.3.2 Determination of Average Failing Load of The Core
Three units from Section 2.3.1 above were subjected to an Average Failing Load Test according to
Clause 7.2.2 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.2.2.1 of IEC 61109-1992 and. The results of this
testing are shown in Table 7 below. These values will be used as base values for Section 2.3.3 of
this report.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Insulation Length
(Inches)
31.52
31.52
31.52
31.50

Failing Load
(Lbs.)
28459.7
29831.0
28684.5
-

Failure Mode
Core Breakage
Core Breakage
Core Breakage
-

Average Value
(Lbs.)
28991.6
-

Table 7

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 6 of 12

2.3.3 Core Time Load Test


Three units from Section 2.3.1 above were subjected to a load equal to 60% of the Average Failing
Load from Section 2.3.2 and maintained for a period of 96 hours according to Clause 7.2.3 of ANSI
C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.2.2.2 of IEC 61109-1992. The results of this testing are shown in Table
8 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification
Table 8

Insulation
Length
(Inches)

60% of Average
Failing Load
(Lbs.)

~ 31.69

17394.9

31.5

Withstand
Time
(Hours)
96
96
96
96

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed
No Damage

2.4 Housing Tracking and Erosion Test


Two assembled units were subjected to a tracking and erosion test according to Clause 7.3 of ANSI
C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.3 of IEC 61109-1992 and. The physical details of the test samples are shown
in Table 9 below while the results of the testing are shown in Table 10 below.
Test Conditions: Water Flow Rate (kg/m3 x h) = 0.32 0.35
Size of Droplets (m) = 5 - 10
NaCl Content of Water (kg/m3) = 9.5 10.0
Fog Chamber Temperature (C) = 22.0 24.0
Sample
Number
1
2
Table 9

Structure Creepage
Core
Length
Distance Diameter
(Inches) (Inches) (Inches)
18.52
20.87
0.94
18.52
20.87
0.94

Sample
Number
1
2
Specification
Table 10

Test
Voltage
(kV)
15.3
15.3
14~20

Cycle
Time
(Hours)
1000
1000
1000

Large Shed Details


Diameter Number In
(Inches)
Sample
5.71
2
5.71
2

Cycle
Interruptions
2
2
6

Interruption
Time
(Minutes)
10,10
10,10
15

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Sample
Orientation
Horizontal
Vertical
Both

Maximum
OverCurrent
Trips
Results
0
Passed
0
Passed
3
Passed

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

Small Shed Details


Diameter Number In
(Inches)
Sample
4.33
1
4.33
1

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 7 of 12

2.5 Core Material Tests


2.5.1 Dye Penetration Test
Ten specimens were cut from a randomly sampled production insulator and tested for dye
penetration according to Clause 7.4.1 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.4.1 of IEC 61109-1992.
These specimens, measuring 0.944 inches in diameter and 0.394 inches in length were placed
upright on a layer of steel balls and a 1% alcohol and fuchsin dye solution was poured into the glass
vessel until the dye level was 0.098 inches higher than the surface of the steel balls. The samples
remained in the glass vessel for a period of 15 minutes per the standard requirements with no signs
of penetration. The details of the samples and the test results are shown in Table 11 below.
Specimen
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Specification

Specimen Length
(Inches)
0.396
0.397
0.398
0.399
0.400
0.386
0.402
0.387
0.398
0.394
0.394 0.02

Sample Immersion Time


(Minutes)
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15

Results
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration

Table 11
2.5.2 Water Diffusion Test
2.5.2.1 Prestressing
Six specimens were cut from the same type of production insulator used in the dye penetration
testing and tested for water diffusion according to Clause 7.4.2.2 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and
Clause 5.4.2.2 of IEC 61109-1992. These specimens, measuring 0.944 inches in diameter and
1.181 inches in length, were boiled in a glass vessel containing deinonized water and 0.1 % by
weight of Sodium Chloride, for 100 hours. The specimens were removed from the boiling
water and placed in ambient temperature deionized water until cooled.
2.5.2.2 Voltage Test
The specimens from Section 2.5.2.1 above were removed from the deinoized water, dried with
filter paper and subjected to a voltage test according to Clause 7.4.2.3 of ANSI C29.11-1989
and Clause 5.4.2.3 of IEC 61109-1992 less than 3 hours after removal from the boiling water.
The results of this testing are shown in Table 12 below.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 8 of 12

Specimen
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6

Specimen
Length
(Inches)
1.183
1.186
1.188
1.183
1.183
1.187

Boiling
Time
(Hours)
100
100
100
100
100
100

Test
Voltage
(kV)
12
12
12
12
12
12

Withstand
Time
(Minutes)
1
1
1
1
1
1

Leakage
Current
(mA)
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

Specification

1.182 0.020

100

12

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed
Passed
Passed
Passed
No Puncture
or Flashover

Table 12
3.0 Design Tests
3.1 Test Unit
The test unit used for this Design Testing was the Composite Suspension insulator design shown in
Appendix A. The unit tested met the requirements of Clause 4.1 of ANSI C29.11-1989 thereby
permitting the use of the Prototype Test results detailed above for this unit.
3.2 Lightning Impulse Withstand Test
Three sample Composite Suspension Insulators were subjected to a Lightning Impulse Withstand Test
according to Clause 6.1 IEC 61109-1992. The results of this testing are shown in Table 14 below. As
the results show, the units withstood the minimum Critical-Impulse Flashover requirement.
Test Conditions: Td = 63.1 F
Kd = 1.018

Sample #
1
2
3
Specification

Test Wave
(s)
1.15
1.15
1.15
1.2 30%

Tw = 58.1 F
Kh = 1.000

P = 14.88 Psi.

Positive Polarity
Withstand Test Value Corrected Value
(kV)
(kV)
571.0
559.9
573.0
571.0
550.0
550.0

Withstand Time
(Seconds)
15
15
15
15

Results
No Flashover
No Flashover
No Flashover
No Flashover

Table 13
3.3 Low-Frequency Wet Withstand Test
Three sample Composite Suspension Insulators were subjected to a Low-Frequency Wet Withstand
Test according to Clause 6.2 IEC 61109-1992. The results of this testing are shown in Table 14 below.
As the results show, the units withstood the minimum Low-Frequency Wet Flashover specification
requirement.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 9 of 12

Test Conditions: Td = 53.6 F


Kd = 1.025

Tw = 49.1 F
Kh = 1.035

P = 14.786 Psi.

Rain Water Resistivity: 20.0 = 100.0-m


Rain Rate: 1.4 mm/min (Horizontal and Vertical)
Sample #
1
2
3
Specification

Applied Voltage
(kV)
235.0
235.0
235.0
230.0

Corrected Values
(kV)
231.2
230.0

Withstand Time
(Min)
1
1
1
1

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed
Passed

Table 14
4.0 Sample Tests
4.1 Visual Inspection and Dimensional Verification
Nine samples were taken from the group of units and visually inspected to verify the quality and were
measured to verify the actual dimensions against the design dimensions according to Clause 9.2 of
ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 7.2 of IEC 61109-1992. The quality of the units observed during visual
inspection was good. The galvanizing on the end fittings was consistent and the injection molding was
good. The results of the dimensional verification are shown in Table 15 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Specification

Unit Length
(Inches)
48.82
48.62
48.74
48.82
48.62
48.82
48.82
48.82
48.62
48.26 0.59

Creepage
Distance
(Inches)
114.57
114.76
114.76
114.96
114.76
114.88
114.65
114.96
114.37
113.19

End Fitting Gauging


Socket
Ball
Go-Gauge No-Go Gauge
Go-Gauge
No-Go Gauge
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go

Table 15
4.2 Verification of Locking System
Locking System Verification testing was conducted on 3 samples taken from the group of units
removed from production according to Clause 9.3 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 7.3 of IEC
61109-1992. The results of this testing are shown in Table 16 below.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 10 of 12

Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

First
17.86
13.39
15.63

Moving Load (Lbs.)


Second
8.93
29.02
24.55
5.2 56.0

Results At 56Lb.
Maximum Load
No Uncoupling
No Uncoupling
No Uncoupling
No Uncoupling

Third
22.32
24.55
17.86

Table 16
4.3 Mechanical Load Test
The 3 samples, used in the previous verification testing, were subjected to mechanical load equivalent
to the SML per Clause 9.4 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 7.4 of IEC 61109-1992. The results of this
testing are shown in Table 17 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Tensile Load
(Lbs.)
22482
22482
22482
20000

Withstand Time
(Minutes)
1
1
1
1

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed
No Failure

Table 17
4.4 Galvanizing Test
Galvanizing thickness testing was conducted on 3 samples taken from the group of units removed from
production according to Clause 9.5 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 7.5 of IEC 61109-1992. The
results of this thickness testing are shown in Table 18 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Thickness Values of Socket End Fitting


(Mils)
AA
SA
3.46
3.96
4.35
4.06
3.1

3.4

Thickness Values of Ball End Fitting


(Mils)
SA
AA
3.85
3.66
3.68
3.44
3.1

3.4

Table 18

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 11 of 12

Appendix A

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 12 of 12

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


Quality Products At Competitive Prices

Test Report
Test Unit: 230kV 20,000 Lb. Composite Suspension Insulator

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 1 of 12

Test Unit:
PBI Part Number:
Test Type:
Referenced Standards:

230kV 20,000 Lb. Composite Suspension Insulator


9710017
Prototype, Design and Sample Test
ANSI C29.11-1989
ANSI C29.12-1997
ANSI C29.13-2000
IEC61109-1992

Date of Test:
Date Report Was Prepared:
Report Prepared By:

September 12, 1998 through November 20, 1998


January 2, 2004
Tom J. Martin

Testing Conclusion:
All units tested passed the testing according to all applicable requirements of the referenced standards.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 2 of 12

Table of Contents:
1.0 General Unit Design and Specifications
2.0 Prototype Tests
2.1 Test Unit
2.2 Tests On Interfaces and Connections of Metal Fittings
2.2.1 Power Frequency Voltage Test
2.2.2 Sudden Load Release Test
2.2.3 Thermal-Mechanical Test
2.2.4 Water PenetrationTest
2.2.5 Verification Tests
2.2.5.1 Visual Examination
2.2.5.2 Steep Front Impulse Voltage Test
2.2.5.3 Power Frequency Voltage Test
2.3 Core Time-Load Test
2.3.1 Test Specimens
2.3.2 Determination of Average Failing Load of The Core
2.3.3 Core Time Load Test
2.4 Housing Tracking and Erosion Test
2.5 Core Material Tests
2.5.1 Dye Penetration Test
2.5.2 Water Diffusion Test
2.5.2.1 Prestressing
2.5.2.2 Voltage Test
3.0 Design Tests
3.1 Test Unit
3.2 Lightning Impulse Withstand Test (Positive)
3.3 Low-Frequency Wet Withstand
4.0 Sample Tests
4.1 Visual Inspection and Dimensional Verification
4.2 Verification of Locking System
4.3 Mechanical Load Test
4.4 Galvanizing Test

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
7
7
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
11
11

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 3 of 12

1.0 General Unit Design and Specifications


See Appendix A
2.0 Prototype Tests
2.1 Test Unit
The test unit used for this Prototype Testing was a Composite Suspension insulator design representing
the entire class of Silicone Composite Suspension Insulators from 69kV to 230kV. As per the
requirement of Clause 7.1.1 of ANSI C29.11-1989, the composite insulator samples used for this
Prototype Testing had a metal-to-metal spacing of at least 800mm in length. The actual insulation
length of the test units was a minimum of 31.69 (805mm).
2.2 Tests On Interfaces and Connections of Metal Fittings
2.2.1 Power Frequency Voltage Test
Three assembled units were randomly selected and subjected to a Power Frequency Voltage Test
per Clause 7.1.2 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.1.2 of IEC 61109-1992. The results of this
testing are shown in Table 1 below.
Test Conditions: Td = 75.2 F
Kd = 0.981

Tw = 69.8 F
Kh = 0.940

Sample Number
1
2
3

Average Value
(kV)
323.9
321.9
329.8

P = 14.674 Psi.
Corrected Value
(kV)
310.4
308.4
316.0

Table 1
2.2.2 Sudden Load Release Test
The three samples from the Power Frequency Voltage Test were subjected to a sudden load release
test according to Clause 7.1.3 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.1.3.1 of IEC61109-1992. Each
sample was subjected to 30% of the units Specified Mechanical Load (SML) which was then
suddenly released. The results of this testing are shown in Table 2 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Temperature
(F)
-7.6
-7.6
-7.6
-4 ~ -13

Load Value
(Lbs.)
6744.0
6744.0
6744.0
6744.0

Load
Releases
5
5
5
5

Results
Testing Passed
Testing Passed
Testing Passed
No Damage

Table 2

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 4 of 12

2.2.3 Thermal-Mechanical Test


Three samples were subjected to temperature variations under a mechanical load of 11240 Lbs. or
A minimum of 50% of the SML Rating according to Clause 7.1.4 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause
5.1.3.2 of IEC61109-1992. The temperature range from cold to hot during each 24 hour cycle was
-31 +/- 5 F to 122 +/- 5 F. The 24 hour temperature cycles were repeated 4 times per the standard
requirements. The initial and final dimensions of the samples are shown in Table 3 below while the
results of the testing are shown in Table 4 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3

Sample Length (Inches)


Before Test
After Test
43.98
43.98
43.91
43.91
43.84
43.84

Change
(Inches)
0.0
0.0
0.0

Table 3
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

First Cycle
TC
TH
(F)
(F)
-29.2
122
-29.2
122
-29.2
122
-31.0 122.0

Table 4

Second Cycle
Third Cycle
Fourth Cycle
Testing
TC
TH
TC
TH
TC
TH
Results
(F)
(F)
(F)
(F)
(F)
(F)
-27.4
122
-29.2
122
-31.0
122
Passed
-27.4
122
-29.2
122
-31.0
122
Passed
-27.4
122
-29.2
122
-31.0
122
Passed
-31.0 122.0 -31.0 122.0 -31.0 122.0 No Failure
(Note: TC = Cold Temperature, TH = Hot Temperature)

2.2.4 Water Penetration Test


Samples 1, 2 and 3 from previous tests were immersed in boiling deionized water, containing 0.1 %
by weight of Sodium Chloride, for 42 hours per Clause 7.1.5 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause
5.1.3.3 of IEC61109-1992. The samples were then retained in the water while the temperature was
lowered to 122 F. These samples were visually inspected and were found to have no signs of
damage. These units were subsequently used for the verification testing in Section 2.2.5.
2.2.5 Verification Tests
2.2.5.1 Visual Examination
Samples 1, 2 and 3 from the Water Penetration test were reexamined for any signs of damage
prior to proceeding with testing in Sections 2.2.5.2 and 2.2.5.3. No damage was observed.
2.2.5.2 Steep Front Impulse Voltage Test
The three test samples from the previous tests were fitted with a sharp edged electrode dividing
each sample into two equal length sections according to Clause 7.1.6.2 of ANSI C29.11-1989
and Clause 5.1.4.2 of IEC61109-1992. These samples were then subjected to an Impulse
Voltage having a rate of rise of at least 1000 kV/S for 25 positive and negative polarity
impulses. The results of this testing are shown in Table 5 below.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 5 of 12

Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Sample
Sections
2
2
2
-

Wave Front
Slope
(kV/S)
1206~1312
1000

Test Cycles
Positive
Negative
Polarity
Polarity
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25

Testing Results
No Puncture
No Puncture
No Puncture
No Puncture

Table 5
2.2.5.3 Power Frequency Voltage Test
The three test samples from previous tests were subjected to a Dry Power Frequency Flashover
Voltage Test per Clause 7.1.6.3 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.1.4.3 of IEC 61109-1992.
The average value for this test was required to be a minimum of 90% of the initial values
determined in Section 2.2.1 of this report. The results of this testing are shown in Table 6
below.
Test Conditions: Td = 53.6 F
Kd = 1.025
Sample
Number
1
2
3

90% of Base
Value From
Section 2.2.1
279.4
277.6
284.4

Tw = 49.1 F
Kh = 1.035
Average Value
(kV)
298.6
302.4
304.8

P = 14.786 Psi.

Corrected Value
(kV)
301.5
305.4
307.8

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed

Table 6
2.3 Core Time Load Test
2.3.1 Test Specimens
Six specimens were obtained from a larger group of samples. These specimens were dived into two
groups of three for the following test in Sections 2.3.2 and 2.3.3 of this report.
2.3.2 Determination of Average Failing Load of The Core
Three units from Section 2.3.1 above were subjected to an Average Failing Load Test according to
Clause 7.2.2 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.2.2.1 of IEC 61109-1992 and. The results of this
testing are shown in Table 7 below. These values will be used as base values for Section 2.3.3 of
this report.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Insulation Length
(Inches)
31.52
31.52
31.52
31.50

Failing Load
(Lbs.)
28459.7
29831.0
28684.5
-

Failure Mode
Core Breakage
Core Breakage
Core Breakage
-

Average Value
(Lbs.)
28991.6
-

Table 7
Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 6 of 12

2.3.3 Core Time Load Test


Three units from Section 2.3.1 above were subjected to a load equal to 60% of the Average Failing
Load from Section 2.3.2 and maintained for a period of 96 hours according to Clause 7.2.3 of ANSI
C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.2.2.2 of IEC 61109-1992. The results of this testing are shown in Table
8 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification
Table 8

Insulation
Length
(Inches)

60% of Average
Failing Load
(Lbs.)

~ 31.69

17394.9

31.5

Withstand
Time
(Hours)
96
96
96
96

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed
No Damage

2.4 Housing Tracking and Erosion Test


Two assembled units were subjected to a tracking and erosion test according to Clause 7.3 of ANSI
C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.3 of IEC 61109-1992 and. The physical details of the test samples are shown
in Table 9 below while the results of the testing are shown in Table 10 below.
Test Conditions: Water Flow Rate (kg/m3 x h) = 0.32 0.35
Size of Droplets (m) = 5 - 10
NaCl Content of Water (kg/m3) = 9.5 10.0
Fog Chamber Temperature (C) = 22.0 24.0
Sample
Number
1
2
Table 9

Structure Creepage
Core
Length
Distance Diameter
(Inches) (Inches) (Inches)
18.52
20.87
0.94
18.52
20.87
0.94

Sample
Number
1
2
Specification
Table 10

Test
Voltage
(kV)
15.3
15.3
14~20

Cycle
Time
(Hours)
1000
1000
1000

Large Shed Details


Diameter Number In
(Inches)
Sample
5.71
2
5.71
2

Cycle
Interruptions
2
2
6

Interruption
Time
(Minutes)
10,10
10,10
15

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Sample
Orientation
Horizontal
Vertical
Both

Maximum
OverCurrent
Trips
Results
0
Passed
0
Passed
3
Passed

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

Small Shed Details


Diameter Number In
(Inches)
Sample
4.33
1
4.33
1

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 7 of 12

2.5 Core Material Tests


2.5.1 Dye Penetration Test
Ten specimens were cut from a randomly sampled production insulator and tested for dye
penetration according to Clause 7.4.1 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.4.1 of IEC 61109-1992.
These specimens, measuring 0.944 inches in diameter and 0.394 inches in length were placed
upright on a layer of steel balls and a 1% alcohol and fuchsin dye solution was poured into the glass
vessel until the dye level was 0.098 inches higher than the surface of the steel balls. The samples
remained in the glass vessel for a period of 15 minutes per the standard requirements with no signs
of penetration. The details of the samples and the test results are shown in Table 11 below.
Specimen
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Specification

Specimen Length
(Inches)
0.396
0.397
0.398
0.399
0.400
0.386
0.402
0.387
0.398
0.394
0.394 0.02

Sample Immersion Time


(Minutes)
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15

Results
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration

Table 11
2.5.2 Water Diffusion Test
2.5.2.1 Prestressing
Six specimens were cut from the same type of production insulator used in the dye penetration
testing and tested for water diffusion according to Clause 7.4.2.2 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and
Clause 5.4.2.2 of IEC 61109-1992. These specimens, measuring 0.944 inches in diameter and
1.181 inches in length, were boiled in a glass vessel containing deinonized water and 0.1 % by
weight of Sodium Chloride, for 100 hours. The specimens were removed from the boiling
water and placed in ambient temperature deionized water until cooled.
2.5.2.2 Voltage Test
The specimens from Section 2.5.2.1 above were removed from the deinoized water, dried with
filter paper and subjected to a voltage test according to Clause 7.4.2.3 of ANSI C29.11-1989
and Clause 5.4.2.3 of IEC 61109-1992 less than 3 hours after removal from the boiling water.
The results of this testing are shown in Table 12 below.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 8 of 12

Specimen
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6

Specimen
Length
(Inches)
1.183
1.186
1.188
1.183
1.183
1.187

Boiling
Time
(Hours)
100
100
100
100
100
100

Test
Voltage
(kV)
12
12
12
12
12
12

Withstand
Time
(Minutes)
1
1
1
1
1
1

Leakage
Current
(mA)
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

Specification

1.182 0.020

100

12

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed
Passed
Passed
Passed
No Puncture
or Flashover

Table 12
3.0 Design Tests
3.1 Test Unit
The test unit used for this Design Testing was the Composite Suspension insulator design shown in
Appendix A. The unit tested met the requirements of Clause 4.1 of ANSI C29.11-1989 thereby
permitting the use of the Prototype Test results detailed above for this unit.
3.2 Lightning Impulse Withstand Test
Three sample Composite Suspension Insulators were subjected to a Lightning Impulse Withstand Test
according to Clause 6.1 IEC 61109-1992. The results of this testing are shown in Table 14 below. As
the results show, the units withstood the minimum Critical-Impulse Flashover requirement.
Test Conditions: Td = 63.1 F
Kd = 1.018

Sample #
1
2
3
Specification

Test Wave
(s)
1.15
1.15
1.15
1.2 30%

Tw = 58.1 F
Kh = 1.000

P = 14.88 Psi.

Positive Polarity
Withstand Test Value Corrected Value
(kV)
(kV)
1021.0
1018.0
1023.0
1024.0
1000.0
1000.0

Withstand Time
(Seconds)
15
15
15
15

Results
No Flashover
No Flashover
No Flashover
No Flashover

Table 13
3.3 Low-Frequency Wet Withstand Test
Three sample Composite Suspension Insulators were subjected to a Low-Frequency Wet Withstand
Test according to Clause 6.2 IEC 61109-1992. The results of this testing are shown in Table 14 below.
As the results show, the units withstood the minimum Low-Frequency Wet Flashover specification
requirement.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 9 of 12

Test Conditions: Td = 53.6 F


Kd = 1.025

Tw = 49.1 F
Kh = 1.035

P = 14.786 Psi.

Rain Water Resistivity: 20.0 = 100.0-m


Rain Rate: 1.4 mm/min (Horizontal and Vertical)
Sample #
1
2
3
Specification

Applied Voltage
(kV)
400.0
399.0
402.0
395.0

Corrected Values
(kV)
397.0
395.0

Withstand Time
(Min)
1
1
1
1

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed
Passed

Table 14
4.0 Sample Tests
4.1 Visual Inspection and Dimensional Verification
Nine samples were taken from the group of units and visually inspected to verify the quality and were
measured to verify the actual dimensions against the design dimensions according to Clause 9.2 of
ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 7.2 of IEC 61109-1992. The quality of the units observed during visual
inspection was good. The galvanizing on the end fittings was consistent and the injection molding was
good. The results of the dimensional verification are shown in Table 15 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Specification

Unit Length
(Inches)
84.33
84.25
84.45
84.17
84.25
84.25
84.06
84.25
84.17
84.44 1.18

Creepage
Distance
(Inches)
220.47
222.44
220.47
223.62
224.41
220.47
223.62
222.44
220.47
193.22

End Fitting Gauging


Socket
Ball
Go-Gauge No-Go Gauge
Go-Gauge
No-Go Gauge
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go
Go
No-Go

Table 15
4.2 Verification of Locking System
Locking System Verification testing was conducted on 3 samples taken from the group of units
removed from production according to Clause 9.3 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 7.3 of IEC
61109-1992. The results of this testing are shown in Table 16 below.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 10 of 12

Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

First
31.25
17.86
26.79

Moving Load (Lbs.)


Second
20.09
26.79
40.18
5.2 56.0

Results At 56Lb.
Maximum Load
No Uncoupling
No Uncoupling
No Uncoupling
No Uncoupling

Third
22.32
26.79
20.09

Table 16
4.3 Mechanical Load Test
The 3 samples, used in the previous verification testing, were subjected to mechanical load equivalent
to the SML per Clause 9.4 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 7.4 of IEC 61109-1992. The results of this
testing are shown in Table 17 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Tensile Load
(Lbs.)
22482
22482
22482
20000

Withstand Time
(Minutes)
1
1
1
1

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed
No Failure

Table 17
4.4 Galvanizing Test
Galvanizing thickness testing was conducted on 3 samples taken from the group of units removed from
production according to Clause 9.5 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 7.5 of IEC 61109-1992. The
results of this thickness testing are shown in Table 18 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Thickness Values of Socket End Fitting


(Mils)
AA
SA
4.46
4.31
4.30
4.18
3.1

3.4

Thickness Values of Ball End Fitting


(Mils)
SA
AA
4.15
3.61
3.77
2.91
3.1

3.4

Table 18

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 11 of 12

Appendix A

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 12 of 12

Piedmont Bushings & Insulators, LLC


Quality Products At Competitive Prices

Test Report
Test Unit: 500kV 36,000 Lb. Composite Suspension Insulator

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 1 of 13

Test Unit:
PBI Part Number:
Test Type:
Referenced Standards:

500kV 36,000 Lb. Composite Suspension Insulator


9710019
Prototype, Design and Sample Test
ANSI C29.11-1989
ANSI C29.12-1997
ANSI C29.13-2000
IEC61109-1992

Date of Test:
Date Report Was Prepared:
Report Prepared By:

September 12, 1998 through November 20, 1998


January 2, 2004
Tom J. Martin

Testing Conclusion:
All units tested passed the testing according to all applicable requirements of the referenced standards.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 2 of 13

Table of Contents:
1.0 General Unit Design and Specifications
2.0 Prototype Tests
2.1 Test Unit
2.2 Tests On Interfaces and Connections of Metal Fittings
2.2.1 Power Frequency Voltage Test
2.2.2 Sudden Load Release Test
2.2.3 Thermal-Mechanical Test
2.2.4 Water PenetrationTest
2.2.5 Verification Tests
2.2.5.1 Visual Examination
2.2.5.2 Steep Front Impulse Voltage Test
2.2.5.3 Power Frequency Voltage Test
2.3 Core Time-Load Test
2.3.1 Test Specimens
2.3.2 Determination of Average Failing Load of The Core
2.3.3 Core Time Load Test
2.4 Housing Tracking and Erosion Test
2.5 Core Material Tests
2.5.1 Dye Penetration Test
2.5.2 Water Diffusion Test
2.5.2.1 Prestressing
2.5.2.2 Voltage Test
3.0 Design Tests
3.1 Test Unit
3.2 Lightning Impulse Withstand Test (Positive)
3.3 Low-Frequency Wet Withstand
3.4 Wet Switching Impulse Withstand
4.0 Sample Tests
4.1 Visual Inspection and Dimensional Verification
4.2 Verification of Locking System
4.3 Mechanical Load Test
4.4 Galvanizing Test

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
7
7
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 3 of 13

1.0 General Unit Design and Specifications


See Appendix A
2.0 Prototype Tests
2.1 Test Unit
The test unit used for this Prototype Testing was a Composite Suspension insulator design representing
the entire class of 500kV Silicone Composite Suspension Insulators. As per the requirement of Clause
7.1.1 of ANSI C29.11-1989, the composite insulator samples used for this Prototype Testing had a
metal-to-metal spacing of at least 800mm in length. The actual insulation length of the test units was a
minimum of 31.69 (820mm).
2.2 Tests On Interfaces and Connections of Metal Fittings
2.2.1 Power Frequency Voltage Test
Three assembled units were randomly selected and subjected to a Power Frequency Voltage Test
per Clause 7.1.2 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.1.2 of IEC 61109-1992. The results of this
testing are shown in Table 1 below.
Test Conditions: Td = 71.6 F
Kd = 0.981

Tw = 68.9 F
Kh = 0.940

Sample Number
1
2
3

Average Value
(kV)
349.0
347.0
346.0

P = 14.713 Psi.
Corrected Value
(kV)
335.4
333.5
332.5

Table 1
2.2.2 Sudden Load Release Test
The three samples from the Power Frequency Voltage Test were subjected to a sudden load release
test according to Clause 7.1.3 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.1.3.1 of IEC61109-1992. Each
sample was subjected to 30% of the units Specified Mechanical Load (SML) which was then
suddenly released. The results of this testing are shown in Table 2 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Temperature
(F)
-9.4
-9.4
-9.4
-4 ~ -13

Load Value
(Lbs.)
10791.4
10791.4
10791.4
10791.4

Load
Releases
5
5
5
5

Results
Testing Passed
Testing Passed
Testing Passed
No Damage

Table 2

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 4 of 13

2.2.3 Thermal-Mechanical Test


Three samples were subjected to temperature variations under a mechanical load of 11240 Lbs. or
A minimum of 50% of the SML Rating according to Clause 7.1.4 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause
5.1.3.2 of IEC61109-1992. The temperature range from cold to hot during each 24 hour cycle was
-31 +/- 5 F to 122 +/- 5 F. The 24 hour temperature cycles were repeated 4 times per the standard
requirements. The initial and final dimensions of the samples are shown in Table 3 below while the
results of the testing are shown in Table 4 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3

Sample Length (Inches)


Before Test
After Test
45.67
45.67
45.67
45.67
45.71
45.71

Change
(Inches)
0.0
0.0
0.0

Table 3
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

First Cycle
TC
TH
(F)
(F)
-27.4 122.0
-29.2 122.0
-27.4 122.0
-31.0 122.0

Table 4

Second Cycle
Third Cycle
Fourth Cycle
Testing
TC
TH
TC
TH
TC
TH
Results
(F)
(F)
(F)
(F)
(F)
(F)
-29.2 122.0 -31.0 122.0 -27.4 122.0
Passed
-29.2 122.0 -29.2 122.0 -27.4 122.0
Passed
-31.0 122.0 -29.2 122.0 -27.4 122.0
Passed
-31.0 122.0 -31.0 122.0 -31.0 122.0 No Failure
(Note: TC = Cold Temperature, TH = Hot Temperature)

2.2.4 Water Penetration Test


Samples 1, 2 and 3 from previous tests were immersed in boiling deionized water, containing 0.1 %
by weight of Sodium Chloride, for 42 hours per Clause 7.1.5 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause
5.1.3.3 of IEC61109-1992. The samples were then retained in the water while the temperature was
lowered to 122 F. These samples were visually inspected and were found to have no signs of
damage. These units were subsequently used for the verification testing in Section 2.2.5.
2.2.5 Verification Tests
2.2.5.1 Visual Examination
Samples 1, 2 and 3 from the Water Penetration test were reexamined for any signs of damage
prior to proceeding with testing in Sections 2.2.5.2 and 2.2.5.3. No damage was observed.
2.2.5.2 Steep Front Impulse Voltage Test
The three test samples from the previous tests were fitted with a sharp edged electrode dividing
each sample into two equal length sections according to Clause 7.1.6.2 of ANSI C29.11-1989
and Clause 5.1.4.2 of IEC61109-1992. These samples were then subjected to an Impulse
Voltage having a rate of rise of at least 1000 kV/S for 25 positive and negative polarity
impulses. The results of this testing are shown in Table 5 below.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 5 of 13

Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Sample
Sections
2
2
2
-

Wave Front
Slope
(kV/S)
1328~1410
1000

Test Cycles
Positive
Negative
Polarity
Polarity
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25

Testing Results
No Puncture
No Puncture
No Puncture
No Puncture

Table 5
2.2.5.3 Power Frequency Voltage Test
The three test samples from previous tests were subjected to a Dry Power Frequency Flashover
Voltage Test per Clause 7.1.6.3 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.1.4.3 of IEC 61109-1992.
The average value for this test was required to be a minimum of 90% of the initial values
determined in Section 2.2.1 of this report. The results of this testing are shown in Table 6
below.
Test Conditions: Td = 78.8 F
Kd = 1.025
Sample
Number
1
2
3

90% of Base
Value From
Section 2.2.1
301.8
300.2
299.3

Tw = 73.4 F
Kh = 1.035
Average Value
(kV)
338.4
334.2
329.6

P = 14.728 Psi.

Corrected Value
(kV)
318.4
314.5
310.2

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed

Table 6
2.3 Core Time Load Test
2.3.1 Test Specimens
Six specimens were obtained from a larger group of samples. These specimens were dived into two
groups of three for the following test in Sections 2.3.2 and 2.3.3 of this report.
2.3.2 Determination of Average Failing Load of The Core
Three units from Section 2.3.1 above were subjected to an Average Failing Load Test according to
Clause 7.2.2 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.2.2.1 of IEC 61109-1992 and. The results of this
testing are shown in Table 7 below. These values will be used as base values for Section 2.3.3 of
this report.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Insulation Length
(Inches)
31.52
31.52
31.52
31.50

Failing Load
(Lbs.)
50157.4
50831.8
49393.0
-

Failure Mode
Core Pullout
Core Breakage
Core Pullout
-

Average Value
(Lbs.)
50127.4
-

Table 7
Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 6 of 13

2.3.3 Core Time Load Test


Three units from Section 2.3.1 above were subjected to a load equal to 70% of the Specified
Mechanical Load Section 2.3.2 and maintained for a period of 96 hours according to Clause 7.2.3
of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.2.2.2 of IEC 61109-1992. The results of this testing are shown
in Table 8 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification
Table 8

Insulation
Length
(Inches)

60% of Average
Failing Load
(Lbs.)

~ 32.09

25179.9

31.5

Withstand
Time
(Hours)
96
96
96
96

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed
No Damage

2.4 Housing Tracking and Erosion Test


Two assembled units were subjected to a tracking and erosion test according to Clause 7.3 of ANSI
C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.3 of IEC 61109-1992 and. The physical details of the test samples are shown
in Table 9 below while the results of the testing are shown in Table 10 below.
Test Conditions: Water Flow Rate (kg/m3 x h) = 0.32 0.35
Size of Droplets (m) = 5 - 10
NaCl Content of Water (kg/m3) = 9.5 10.0
Fog Chamber Temperature (C) = 22.0 24.0
Sample
Number
1
2
Table 9

Structure Creepage
Core
Length
Distance Diameter
(Inches) (Inches) (Inches)
17.72
20.87
0.94
17.72
20.87
0.94

Sample
Number
1
2
Specification
Table 10

Test
Voltage
(kV)
15.3
15.3
14~20

Cycle
Time
(Hours)
1000
1000
1000

Large Shed Details


Diameter Number In
(Inches)
Sample
6.14
2
6.14
2

Cycle
Interruptions
2
2
6

Interruption
Time
(Minutes)
12,10
12,10
15

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Sample
Orientation
Horizontal
Vertical
Both

Maximum
OverCurrent
Trips
Results
0
Passed
0
Passed
3
Passed

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

Small Shed Details


Diameter Number In
(Inches)
Sample
4.69
1
4.69
1

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 7 of 13

2.5 Core Material Tests


2.5.1 Dye Penetration Test
Ten specimens were cut from a randomly sampled production insulator and tested for dye
penetration according to Clause 7.4.1 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 5.4.1 of IEC 61109-1992.
These specimens, measuring 0.944 inches in diameter and 0.394 inches in length were placed
upright on a layer of steel balls and a 1% alcohol and fuchsin dye solution was poured into the glass
vessel until the dye level was 0.098 inches higher than the surface of the steel balls. The samples
remained in the glass vessel for a period of 15 minutes per the standard requirements with no signs
of penetration. The details of the samples and the test results are shown in Table 11 below.
Specimen
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Specification

Specimen Length
(Inches)
0.402
0.402
0.400
0.400
0.406
0.402
0.401
0.402
0.403
0.405
0.394 0.02

Sample Immersion Time


(Minutes)
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15

Results
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration
No Penetration

Table 11
2.5.2 Water Diffusion Test
2.5.2.1 Prestressing
Six specimens were cut from the same type of production insulator used in the dye penetration
testing and tested for water diffusion according to Clause 7.4.2.2 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and
Clause 5.4.2.2 of IEC 61109-1992. These specimens, measuring 0.944 inches in diameter and
1.181 inches in length, were boiled in a glass vessel containing deinonized water and 0.1 % by
weight of Sodium Chloride, for 100 hours. The specimens were removed from the boiling
water and placed in ambient temperature deionized water until cooled.
2.5.2.2 Voltage Test
The specimens from Section 2.5.2.1 above were removed from the deinoized water, dried with
filter paper and subjected to a voltage test according to Clause 7.4.2.3 of ANSI C29.11-1989
and Clause 5.4.2.3 of IEC 61109-1992 less than 3 hours after removal from the boiling water.
The results of this testing are shown in Table 12 below.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 8 of 13

Specimen
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6

Specimen
Length
(Inches)
1.189
1.187
1.190
1.185
1.187
1.187

Boiling
Time
(Hours)
100
100
100
100
100
100

Test
Voltage
(kV)
12
12
12
12
12
12

Withstand
Time
(Minutes)
1
1
1
1
1
1

Leakage
Current
(mA)
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1

Specification

1.182 0.020

100

12

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed
Passed
Passed
Passed
No Puncture
or Flashover

Table 12
3.0 Design Tests
3.1 Test Unit
The test unit used for this Design Testing was the Composite Suspension insulator design shown in
Appendix A. The unit tested met the requirements of Clause 4.1 of ANSI C29.11-1989 thereby
permitting the use of the Prototype Test results detailed above for this unit.
3.2 Lightning Impulse Withstand Test
Three sample Composite Suspension Insulators were subjected to a Lightning Impulse Withstand Test
according to Clause 6.1 IEC 61109-1992. The results of this testing are shown in Table 14 below. As
the results show, the units withstood the minimum Critical-Impulse Flashover requirement.
Test Conditions: Td = 69.8 F
Kd = 1.018

Sample #
1
2
3
Specification

Test Wave
(s)
1.15
1.15
1.15
1.2 30%

Tw = 62.60 F
Kh = 1.000

P = 14.734 Psi.

Positive Polarity
Withstand Test Value Corrected Value
(kV)
(kV)
2062.0
2060.4
2062.0
2062.0
2050.0
2050.0

Withstand Time
(Seconds)
15
15
15
15

Results
No Flashover
No Flashover
No Flashover
No Flashover

Table 13
3.3 Low-Frequency Wet Withstand Test
Three sample Composite Suspension Insulators were subjected to a Low-Frequency Wet Withstand
Test according to Clause 6.2 IEC 61109-1992. The results of this testing are shown in Table 14 below.
As the results show, the units withstood the minimum Low-Frequency Wet Flashover specification
requirement.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 9 of 13

Test Conditions: Td = 71.1 F


Kd = 1.025

Tw = 64.6 F
Kh = 1.035

P = 14.696 Psi.

Rain Water Resistivity: 20.0 = 107.0-m


Rain Rate: 1.4 mm/min (Horizontal and Vertical)
Sample #
1
2
3
Specification

Applied Voltage
(kV)
740.0
740.0
740.0
740.0

Corrected Values
(kV)
735.6

Withstand Time
(Min)
1
1
1
1

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed
Passed

Table 14
3.4 Wet Switching Impulse Withstand Test
Three samples were subjected to a Wet Switching Impulse Withstand Voltage Test per Clause 6.3 of
IEC 61109-1992 and ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 8.3 of ANSI C29.11-1989. The results of this
testing are shown in Table 15 below.
Test Conditions: Td = 70.0 F
Kd = 1.00

Tw = 64.6 F

P = 14.728 Psi.

Rain Water Resistivity: 20.0 = 104.0 .m


Rain Rate: 1.4 mm/min (Horizontal and Vertical)
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Test Wave
(S)
260/2400
250 20%
/ 2500 60%

Corrected
Value
(kV)

Withstand
Withstand
Test Value
Time
(kV)
(Sec)
Results
1240.0
15
Passed
1240.0
1240.0
15
Passed
1240.0
15
Passed
Sample should withstand 1240 kV 3% for
15 cycles with no flashovers.

Table 15
4.0 Sample Tests
4.1 Visual Inspection and Dimensional Verification
Nine samples were taken from the group of units and visually inspected to verify the quality and were
measured to verify the actual dimensions against the design dimensions according to Clause 9.2 of
ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 7.2 of IEC 61109-1992. The quality of the units observed during visual
inspection was good. The galvanizing on the end fittings was consistent and the injection molding was
good. The results of the dimensional verification are shown in Table 16 below.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 10 of 13

Sample
Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Specification

Unit Length
(Inches)
175.20
175.31
175.39
175.20
175.59
175.20
175.39
175.28
175.20
175.20 1.97

Creepage
Distance
(Inches)
496.06
496.46
496.46
496.06
496.85
496.06
496.46
496.06
496.06
433.07

End Fitting Gauging


Go-Gauge
Go
Go
Go
Go
Go
Go
Go
Go
Go
Go

Socket
No-Go Gauge
No-Go
No-Go
No-Go
No-Go
No-Go
No-Go
No-Go
No-Go
No-Go
No-Go

Go-Gauge
Go
Go
Go
Go
Go
Go
Go
Go
Go
Go

Ball
No-Go Gauge
No-Go
No-Go
No-Go
No-Go
No-Go
No-Go
No-Go
No-Go
No-Go
No-Go

Table 16
4.2 Verification of Locking System
Locking System Verification testing was conducted on 3 samples taken from the group of units
removed from production according to Clause 9.3 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 7.3 of IEC
61109-1992. The results of this testing are shown in Table 17 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

First
24.55
40.18
22.32

Moving Load (Lbs.)


Second
26.79
40.18
42.41
5.2 56.0

Third
35.71
33.48
40.18

Results At 56Lb.
Maximum Load
No Uncoupling
No Uncoupling
No Uncoupling
No Uncoupling

Table 17
4.3 Mechanical Load Test
The three samples, used in the previous verification testing, were subjected to mechanical load
equivalent to the SML per Clause 9.4 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 7.4 of IEC 61109-1992. The
results of this testing are shown in Table 18 below.
Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Tensile Load
(Lbs.)
36000
36000
36000
36000

Withstand Time
(Minutes)
1
1
1
1

Results
Passed
Passed
Passed
No Failure

Table 18
4.4 Galvanizing Test
Galvanizing thickness testing was conducted on 3 samples taken from the group of units removed from
production according to Clause 9.5 of ANSI C29.11-1989 and Clause 7.5 of IEC 61109-1992. The
results of this thickness testing are shown in Table 19 below.

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 11 of 13

Sample
Number
1
2
3
Specification

Thickness Values of Socket End Fitting


(Mils)
AA
SA
4.10
4.06
3.83
4.26
3.1

3.4

Thickness Values of Ball End Fitting


(Mils)
SA
AA
3.61
3.79
3.98
3.78
3.1

3.4

Table 19

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 12 of 13

Appendix A

Piedmont Bushings and Insulators, LLC

Phone: (864) 476-6360

251 Harris Bridge Road


Woodruff, SC 29388

FAX: (864) 476-6376

Page 13 of 13

Você também pode gostar