Kuliah Umum Prof. Benyamin Lakitan

Kuliah Umum
Peran Riset dalam Mewujudkan

Ketahanan Pangan Nasional
Benyamin Lakitan
Universitas Teknologi Sumbawa

14 November 2014
Amanah Konstitusi
Pemerintah memajukan iptek dengan menjunjung

tinggi nilai-nilai agama dan persatuan bangsa
untuk memajukan peradaban
serta kesejahteraan umat manusia
Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, Pasal 31 Ayat (5)
Tantangan ke Depan
OBJECTIVES
More food
POPULATION
GROWTH
Higher quality
Safer
CONVERSION
DEGRADATION
Less land
Less water
HUMAN
ACTIVITIES
Climate changes
CONSTRAINTS
The Challenges
ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT
Land
Conversion
Increase
Urban Area
Land
Degradation
Decrease
Availability
Population
Growth
Agric.
Intensification
Agricultural
Land
Food
Demand
Agric.
Extensification
Income
Growth
Animal-based
Food Demand
Increase
Demand
Use of resources
has reached substantial proportions
In 2005, agriculture occupied about 38% of the

global land area (FAOSTAT, 2007)
Agriculture would need an area equivalent to
one half and two-third of the current terrestrial
land area by 2030 and 2070, respectively
Schneider et al. (2011)
SESUAI
100,7 juta hektar
UNTUK PERTANIAN
DIKELOLA
Sesuai
34%
Belum
36%
54%
Tidak
Sesuai
46%
Sudah
64%
TOTAL
188,2 juta hektar
DIKELOLA
64,1 juta hektar
INDONESIA
CLIMATE
CHANGE
BURDEN
ON LAND
FOOD PRICE
BIOFUEL
FOOD
DEMAND
INCREASE
DIRECT
PRODUCTIVITY
ENERGY
DEMAND
INCREASE
CONVERSION
OTHER
DEMANDS
FOR LAND
RESIDENTIAL
INFRASTRUCTURE
INDUSTRIES
POPULATION GROWTH
6.5 billion to 9 billion by 2050
OIL PRICE
http://benyaminlakitan.com
Land
Availability
Increase in demand for food and agricultural

products, decrease in land availability, and
effort to improve farmers prosperity have
led to urgency for intensifying agricultural
activities and improving value of produced
products
Land
conversion
Population
growth
Food &
Non-food
demands
Prosperity
increase
Intensive
agriculture
Limited
Availabile
land
Required
agricultural
Land
Land
degradation
BIO
INDUSTRY
Efficient use
of resources
SQHV
agricultural
products
Water scarcity, not a lack of arable land,

that will be the major constraint
to increased food production
over the next few decades
Hanjra and Qureshi (2010)
Hanjra and Qureshi (2010)
Only 19% of agricultural land

cultivated through irrigation
supplies 40% of the worlds food
(Molden et al., 2010)
Irrigated agriculture is the
dominant user of water, accounting
for about 80% of global water use
(Molden et al., 2007).
Kondisi yang Dituju
Boleh dari
impor
(policy brief
FAO 2006)
UU
Pangan
2012
adalah kondisi terpenuhinya pangan bagi negara

sampai dengan perseorangan, yang tercermin dari
tersedianya pangan yang cukup, baik jumlah
maupun mutunya, aman, beragam, bergizi,
merata, dan terjangkau serta tidak bertentangan
dengan agama, keyakinan, dan budaya masyarakat,
untuk dapat hidup sehat, aktif, dan produktif
secara berkelanjutan.
World Food Summit, 1996
Ketahanan Pangan
UU
Pangan
2012
adalah kemampuan negara dan bangsa dalam

memproduksi pangan yang beraneka ragam dari
dalam negeri yang dapat menjamin pemenuhan
kebutuhan pangan yang cukup sampai di tingkat
perseorangan dengan memanfaatkan potensi
sumber daya alam, manusia, sosial, ekonomi, dan
kearifan lokal secara bermartabat.
Kemandirian Pangan
UU
Pangan
2012
adalah hak negara dan bangsa yang secara mandiri

menentukan kebijakan pangan yang menjamin hak
atas pangan bagi rakyat dan yang memberikan hak
bagi masyarakat untuk menentukan sistem pangan
yang sesuai dengan potensi sumber daya lokal.
Declaration of Nylni, 2007
Kedaulatan Pangan
ORIENTASI
KONSUMEN
ORIENTASI
PRODUSEN
STABILITY
SUSTAINABLE
UTILIZATION
WELFARE
ACCESS
ECO-FRIENDLY
AVAILABILITY
LOCAL RESOURCES
SECURITY
SOVEREIGNTY
EKONOMI
POLITIK
INKLUSIF
EKOLOGIS
Peluang Berkiprah
OFF FARM
AGROINDUSTRI
ON FARM
SAPROTAN
[INPUT]
PENANGANAN
HASIL
BUDIDAYA
[PRODUKSI]
ALSINTAN
[INPUT]
PEMASARAN
PENGOLAHAN
HASIL
LEMBAGA PENUNJANG
Lakitan (2011)
AGROINDUSTRI HILIR
Penurunan Kehilangan Hasil
BUDIDAYA
AGROINDUSTRI HULU
Peningkatan Produksi
Riset Pangan
BIOMATERIAL
TEKNO
BUDIDAYA
SISTEM INFO
& PEMASARAN
TEKNO
KEMASAN
GIZI
pasar
saprotan
PEMULIAAN &
TEKNO BENIH
produksi
alsintan
RANCANG-BANGUN
ALSIN
distribusi
konsumsi
pasca
panen
TEKNO
PENGOLAHAN
TEKNO
TRANSPORTASI
KULINER
TEKNO
KEAMANAN
PANGAN
Aksi yang Relevan
Technology is clearly needed

to increase productivity.
Agriculture-related colleges
and research institutions in
Indonesia have the required
capacity to develop
agricultural technology.
However, ...
R&D
Capacity
Not
DemandDriven
... most of the indigenous technologies are not relevant to

real needs and/or problems of domestic farmers. Even if the
technologies are substantially relevant; in many cases, they
are not finacially affordable by domestic farmers, do not
significantly increase profit if used, and/or less competitive
compared to similar technologies available in the market.
Sistem Inovasi
1
INFORMASI
KEBUTUHAN
& PROBLEMA
SENSITIVITAS
Perguruan
Tinggi
PENGEMBANG
TEKNOLOGI
KETERBUKAAN
Fasilitator
Intermediator
Regulator
PENGGUNA
TEKNOLOGI
RELEVANSI
KAPASITAS
ADOPSI
2
PAKET
TEKNOLOGI
Petani
The World Bank (2010)
What is not disseminated and used

is not an innovation
4 Pre-requisites for Technology to be Used

1. Relevant to Users Need
2. Within Range of Users Absorptive Capacity
3. Increase Profit
4. Competitive to Similar Technology Available in the Market
Required
Technology
Socially Inclusive
Transforming current traditional agriculture into
bioindustry-oriented agribusiness should be executed
by gradually inserting newly introduced practices while
continuing traditional ones so that local community will
not be left behind.
Inclusive &
Gradual
Traditional knowledge and local wisdom

have to be treated as reference
in developing technology
for establishing productive agriculture
Accumulated
Experiences
Local
Wisdom
Developed
Technology
Traditional
Knowledge
Grassroots
Innovation
New Perspective on
Sustainable Agriculture
(Lakitan, 2014)
SUSTAINABLE
AGRICULTURE
GRASSROOTS INNOVATION
SOCIAL
DIMENSION
ENVIRONMENTAL
DIMENSION
PRODUCTIVE
ECONOMIC DIMENSION

Kuliah Umum Prof. Benyamin Lakitan

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Kuliah Umum Prof. Benyamin Lakitan

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Formatos disponíveis

Kuliah Umum

Peran Riset dalam Mewujudkan

Universitas Teknologi Sumbawa

Pemerintah memajukan iptek dengan menjunjung

In 2005, agriculture occupied about 38% of the

Increase in demand for food and agricultural

Water scarcity, not a lack of arable land,

Hanjra and Qureshi (2010)

Hanjra and Qureshi (2010)

Only 19% of agricultural land

Kondisi yang Dituju

adalah kondisi terpenuhinya pangan bagi negara

adalah kemampuan negara dan bangsa dalam

adalah hak negara dan bangsa yang secara mandiri

Aksi yang Relevan

Technology is clearly needed

... most of the indigenous technologies are not relevant to

The World Bank (2010)

What is not disseminated and used

4 Pre-requisites for Technology to be Used

Traditional knowledge and local wisdom

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