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AP Biology, Period 3
Mr. Chan
141107
Homework #8 (141107): Chapter 8
Total points: 40 for Attempt on all questions
1 Concept Map: 10 points each
Total 50 points
1. Explain the role of catabolic and anabolic pathways in cellular metabolism.
-release energy
-combine molecules
Catabolic pathways in cellular metabolism release the energy stored in complex
molecules through the breakdown of these molecules into simpler compounds.
Anabolic pathways combine simpler molecules into more complex ones.
2. Distinguish between kinetic and potential energy.
-relative motion of objects
-matter possesses
Kinetic energy is the relative motion of objects. Potential energy is energy that
matter possesses because of its location or structure.
3. Explain why an organism is considered an open system.
-interacts with environment
An organism is considered an open system because it constantly interacts with its
environment.
4. Explain the first and second laws of thermodynamics in your own words.
-energy is always there
-energy transfer
-increases randomness
According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy is always constant in the
universe. It cannot be made or destroyed. The second law of thermodynamics states
that the more energy that is transferred, the randomness of the universe increases.
5. Explain why highly ordered living organisms do not violate the second law of
thermodynamics.
-can decrease
Highly ordered living organisms do not violate the second law of thermodynamics
because its entropy can decrease, so long as the total entropy in the universe is
constantly increasing.
6. Write and define each component of the equation for free-energy change.
-G=H-TS
-change in free energy
-change in enthalpy
-absolute temp
-change in system entropy
The equation of the free-energy change is G=H-TS. G stands for the change in
free energy. H symbolizes the change in the systems enthalpy. T stands for the
absolute temperature in Kelvins. S stands for the change in the systems entropy.