Works Cited

Primary Sources
"Jackie Robinson Breaks the Color Barrier." America's Library. Lib of Congress, n.d. Web. 9
Oct. 2014. <http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jp/bball/jp_bball_jackie_1.html>. This
government website had a lot of information on the heart and reactions of the people. I
took a lot of quotes and placed them on the site under this reactions tab.
"Teaching With Documents: Beyond the Playing Field - Jackie Robinson, Civil Rights
Advocate." National Archives. US National Archives, n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2014.
<http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/jackie-robinson/quotes.html>. This was
another website that gave us even more of Jackie's famous quotes. Some of these quotes
can be found under the quotes tab in our website.
"Teaching With Documents: Beyond the Playing Field - Jackie Robinson, Civil Rights
Advocate." National Archives. The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration,
n.d. Web. 22 Oct. 2014. <http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/jackie-robinson/>.
This national archives website gave us more information on Jackie's background in which
is under the background tab in our website.
Goldstein, Richard. "Jackie Robinson: Brooklyn Dodgers Legend and Civil Rights Pioneer."
New York Times 13 Apr. 2007: n. pag. Print. This was very specific it described his life
and what he continued to do after retirement and how he helped the civil rights
movement. I used this to form some of my information about what he did after he was
done with baseball. This helped us form our topics and learn about how he changed life
as we know it. This really helped me understand what he did in his life and how he
changed how we view each other today.

Long, Michael. "Robinson's life beyond baseball." USA Today 12 Apr. 2013: n. pag. Print. This
source is more specific to after his baseball career. I used this to add towards his longterm impact, because this was all how he changed the lives of African Americans. This
source really helped explain how he changed the life of others around him for the better
by creating ways to better the world for everybody.

Secondary Sources
"About Jackie Robinson." The Jackie Robinson Foundation. Jackie Robinson Foundation, 2011.
Web. 9 Oct. 2014.
<http://webpath.follettsoftware.com/resource/viewurl?encodedUrl=_adgOKqGMJsPxw_
w00_7RDMVJPWoFQyX5hioEWbSQcc&version=1&userGUID=0D7C8E9E-22DA4CBA-9BFF-5D51A809E499&gv=1&gc=390893050&appsignature=Destiny&appversion=11.0.4.2+%28AU2%29>. This website
was useful to understand the background of Jackie Robinson. I took a lot of notes and
used them on the website under the background tab.
California Community College. California Community College, n.d. Web. 17 Nov. 2014.
<http://webpath.follettsoftware.com/resource/viewurl?encodedUrl=keZ8pL8j9gKBTdM
ZILLCog_nZ9xQJ6bt2y5O4r2SNs&version=1&appsignature=Destiny&appversion=11.0.4.2+%28AU2%29>. I
used this website to get more information on the background and also I used this website
to get a lot of information on the short and long term impact.

Evans, Howie. "Major League Baseball Celebreates Legacy of Jackie Robinson." MAS Ultra School Edition. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Oct. 2014.
<http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=3&sid=34a151c1-d3cb-47eb-96a303ce98f6337b%40sessionmgr112&hid=109&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWNvb2tpZSxpcCx
jcGlkJmN1c3RpZD1zNjI2NDk0OSZzaXRlPWVob3N0LWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ
%3d%3d#db=ulh&AN=9707031789>. I used this website to find information on the
heart of our project. This website helped me understand the importance of Jackie
Robinson.
"Jackie Robinson." Biography. A&E Television Networks, LLC, n.d. Web. 27 Oct. 2014.
<http://www.biography.com/people/jackie-robinson-9460813#synopsis>. This was one
of the most informational websites I used. Here I found lots of information of his
leadership and legacy. Also I found a lot more information on the background and build
up.
"Jackie Robinson." History. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2014.
<http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/jackie-robinson>. This was another
website that helped me better understand Jackie Robinson. I took lots of notes on this
website for the heart tab and placed those notes on the website under the heart tab.
Jackie Robinson - Mini Biography. Bio. A&E Television Network, n.d. Web. 28 Oct. 2014.
<http://www.biography.com/people/jackie-robinson-9460813#synopsis>. This video was
very informational. I learned a lot from watching this video. This video talked a lot about
his legacy and how he affected most of the negro population.
"Module 08: Jackie Robinson, Civil Rights Leader?" U.S. History. Digital History Reader, n.d.
Web. 15 Oct. 2014.

<http://www.dhr.history.vt.edu/modules/us/mod08_robinson/index.html>. This website

was essential for the heart of our project. This website gave lots of information on
Jackie's baseball and how he affected people on and off the field.
"Robinson, Jackie." World News Digest. Infobase Learning, n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2014.
<http://wnd.infobaselearning.com/wndencyclopedia.aspx?id=18636&returnurl=Search+Results&search=Jackie+Robinson&opti
on=1&oper=1>. This was another essential website for the heart of our project because it
gave lots of information on everyone's reactions, which was placed on the reactions tab
our website.
Schwartz, Larry. "Jackie Changed Face of Sports." Espn.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2014.
<http://webpath.follettsoftware.com/resource/viewurl?encodedUrl=_adgOKqGMJsPxw_
w00_7REsn1rCbIU67KXPpcJiiL7c&version=1&userGUID=0D7C8E9E-22DA-4CBA9BFF-5D51A809E499&gv=1&gc=390893050&appsignature=Destiny&appversion=11.0.4.2+%28AU2%29>. This was the
ESPN site we used. This website gave us a lot of Jackie's famous quotes in which we
placed on our website under the quotes tab.
"To the Big Leagues." Chelsea House Biographies. Infobase Learning, n.d. Web. 17 Nov. 2014.
<http://bio.infobaselearning.com/baseball-superstars/jackie-robinson/chapters/to-the-bigleagues.aspx>. This website gave us a lot of information for the build up of our project.
We got lots of information off this website.
Access Newspaper Archives. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Oct. 2014.
<http://access.newspaperarchive.com/us/pennsylvania/gettysburg/gettysburgtimes/1997/04-05/page-11?tag=jackie+robinson&rtserp=tags/jackie-robinson>. This

citation is secondary source. This newspaper article helped me see how some people
really respected him. We put this in the heart of our project.
Archive, Rogers Photos. You Tube. You Tube. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Dec. 2014.
<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bt17YLJWaJQ>. This is a primary source because
it shows how after Jackie retired he still made history. This is in our short term impact.
Biography.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2014.
<http://www.biographyshelf.com/jackie_robinson_biography.html>. This source was a
primary source. We used this source throughout the whole project.
Darraj, Susan Muaddi. "Troubling Times." Chelsea House Biographies Online.Chelsea House.
Web. 27 Oct. 2014.
<http://bio.infobaselearning.com/recordurl.aspx?wid=147826&nid=94927>. This source
is a Primary source because it helped us show how Jackie would have hard times off the
field. This source helped us with the heart of our project.
Darraj, Susan Muaddi. "Coming Home." Chelsea House Biographies Online.Chelsea House.
Web. 27 Oct. 2014.
<http://bio.infobaselearning.com/recordurl.aspx?wid=147826&nid=94928>. This source
is a secondary source that helped us see what it was like for Jackie Robinson to go home.
Some information from this article is in the short term impact.
Darraj, Susan Muaddi. "Making History." Chelsea House Biographies Online.Chelsea House.
Web. 15 Oct. 2014.
<http://bio.infobaselearning.com/recordurl.aspx?wid=147826&nid=94923>. This source
is a primary source. This gave us a lot of information that we will put into our heart.

Ebsco Host. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Nov. 2014.

<http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=b6578364-5074-46c683bb-e2e483507ce4%40sessionmgr198&vid=3&hid=102>. This source is a secondary
source. This source helped us put things into every place.
Gilbert, Thomas. Baseball at War. New York: Franklin Watts, 1997. Print. This source is a
primary source. It had parts of the book that were specific for every section of our
website.
History Channel. A+E Networks Corps, n.d. Web. 17 Nov. 2014.
<http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/jackie-robinson>. This source is a
secondary source. It helped us put together the heart.
"Jackie Baseball Card Picture." Cardinal Baseball. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Dec. 2014.
<http://www.stlcardinalbaseball.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/jackie-robinson.jpg>.
This picture is a secondary source. This picture helped me show the confidence that
Jackie had.
"Jackie Quote." Gammons Daily. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Dec. 2014.
<http://www.gammonsdaily.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Jackie_Robinson2.jpg>.
This picture is a secondary source that helped us show what Jackie was all about.
Kahn, Roger. "Jackie Robinson." Baseball Hall of Fame. National Baseball Hall of Fame and
Museum, n.d. Web. 27 Oct. 2014. <http://baseballhall.org/hof/robinson-jackie>.
Robinson, Jackie. I Never Had It Made. New York: G.P> Putnam's Sons, 1972. Print. This book
is a primary source. Again, this book had chapters for each sections.
Witherbee, Amy. Jackie Robinson. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print. This book is a Primary source because it
told about his whole life story. This book helped mostly with the heart of our project.

"Baseball and Jackie Robinson." Library of Congress. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2014.
<http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/robinson/index.html>. This website is more
of a broad overview on our topic. It's not very specific on our topic. It only discusses
things about the time period and baseball. I used this source to get some background
information on what was going on during the time and how it affected him. It told me
about some of his achievements and how the color line was formed and about the negro
leagues.
Goldstein, Warren. "JACKIE ROBINSON." Jackie Robinson Black History. History Channel,
n.d. Web. 27 Oct. 2014. <http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/jackie-robinson>.
This was a very specific source, it went in depth really helping me understand and
included a video. We were thinking about using the video on our project because it was
really good and it was really helpful. This website helped us prepare our information to
create a better background for our project. This had some of the most information about
his whole life, the covered the whole topic almost every aspect.
Jackie Robinson and the Integration of Baseball. History Today, n.d. Web. 17 Nov. 2014.
<http://web.a.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=855e7838-43c5-4986-a1b3c3432080cfcb%40sessionmgr4001&hid=4106&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWNvb2tpZSxpc
CxjcGlkJmN1c3RpZD1zNzMyNDk2NCZzaXRlPWVob3N0LWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l
0ZQ%3d%3d#db=ulh&AN=10700831>. This source is very specific and discusses the
whole topic. I used this to gather information about my topic for the whole thing. I found
a lot of background and a lot of what happened in his life. This source really helped me
understand the whole story of his life and what was happening beforehand.

"Jackie Robinson Breaks the Color Barrier." Jackie Robinson Breaks the Color Barrier.
America's Story: America's Library, n.d. Web. 27 Oct. 2014.
<http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jp/bball/jp_bball_jackie_2.html>. This source was
more broad than most of the others. I used this source for background information it was
what I used in the beginning as it didn't provide much. This source gave me a lot of
background information and it really helped give me a better understanding of what was
going on in his life and during his time.
"Module 08: Jackie Robinson, Civil Rights Leader?" Jackie Robinson, Civil Rights Leader. U.S
History, n.d. Web. 27 Oct. 2014.
<http://www.dhr.history.vt.edu/modules/us/mod08_robinson/>. This covered most of the
civil rights part, there wasn't much about baseball. I tried to find pictures of letters that he
sent to presidents or Martin Luther King JR. This helped with the build up, as I found out
he did not like President Eisenhower or President Kennedy.
Rothschild, Richard. "Jackie Robinson's debut changed the game -- and the nation." Jackie
Robinson's debut changed the game -- and the nation. Sports Illustrated, n.d. Web. 27
Oct. 2014. <http://www.si.com/more-sports/2012/04/13/jackie-robinson>. This source
discussed the whole topic it went over everything and really emphasized on the baseball
to describe how it changed baseball. I used this to add to the heart, with this I found out
other teams added African American players once Jackie joined the league. This source
brought the idea of other African Americans into the situation so that it was noticed.
Schwartz, Larry. "Jackie changed face of sports." Jackie Changed Face of Sports. ESPN, n.d.
Web. 27 Oct. 2014. <https://espn.go.com/sportscentury/features/00016431.html>. This
source discussed his whole life and even included his army career. This I used for the

background to describe his integrity and how he was able to handle getting hate from
other people. This source went very in depth in my topic and brought new aspects to the
plate that I had never knew before.
Snyder, Matt. "Happy Anniversary: Jackie Robinson debuts, breaks color line." CBS Sports
Happy Anniversary: Jackie Robinson. CBS Sports, n.d. Web. 27 Oct. 2014.
<http://www.cbssports.com/mlb/eye-on-baseball/24527513/happy-anniversary-jackierobinson-debuts-breaks-color-line>. This source was very broad there was not much in
this source. This source did not help me very much I could only use it for an image and a
tiny bit of information. This source just went over information I already used, but I added
it in case I used the picture.
Swaine, Rick. "Jackie Robinson." Jackie Robinson. Society for Baseball Research, n.d. Web. 27
Oct. 2014. <http://sabr.org/bioproj/person/bb9e2490>. This source discusses the whole
topic and a whole lot more. I used this source to gather information about the whole topic
and it still provided more information than I needed to know. This source was really
helpful in understand the tiny things that could really build up my topic and make a
stronger project in total.
Wisconsin Historical Society. Wisconsin Historical Society, n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2014.
<http://arcat.library.wisc.edu/cgibin/Pwebrecon.cgi?v1=3&ti=1,3&SAB1=jackie%20robinson&BOOL1=as%20a%20phra
se&FLD1=Keyword%20Anywhere%20%28GKEY%29&GRP1=AND%20with%20next
%20set&SAB2=&BOOL2=as%20a%20phrase&FLD2=Keyword%20Anywhere%20%28
GKEY%29&GRP2=AND%20with%20next%20set&SAB3=&BOOL3=as%20a%20phra
se&FLD3=Keyword%20Anywhere%20%28GKEY%29&CNT=25&PID=fElx0v5lFULp

fmdGlrGdmfg6Lu0&SEQ=20141118110605&SID=1>. This source was very broad there

was not a lot of information in this video it was only an outside viewpoint. I used this
source in case I needed another video to put onto my website. This source helped me see
how other people thought about what was going on with Jackie Robinson and the Civil
Rights Movement.