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Alaska
Foreword
Through decades of oil production at Prudhoe Bay and the other Alaskan North
Slope oil fields, BP Exploration (Alaska), Inc. (BPXA) has significantly advanced
technology and practices that have reduced environmental impacts associated
with our operations. Notable environmental benefits have been substantial
reductions in the land needed for oil field development and the associated
benefits to environmental habitat.
BPXAs commitment to the environment continues with efforts to minimize future
environmental impacts, such as the development of the offshore Liberty field
using ultra extended reach drilling technology from existing onshore
infrastructure. These and many other projects aimed at renewal of existing
infrastructure will further strengthen our environmental stewardship in the areas
where we operate on the Alaskan North Slope.
Introduction
BP Exploration (Alaska) Inc. (BPXA) has a long history in Alaska, starting with
the exploration and development of Prudhoe Bay, the largest oil field in North
America, and continuing today with our plans for the next 50 years in Alaska.
BPXA operates under the BP U.S. Health, Safety, and Environmental (HSE)
Policy, signed by the BP America president, which states BPs commitment to
good HSE performance and our expectation that everyone who works for BP is
responsible for getting HSE right. Our goals are simple no accidents, no harm
to people, and no damage to the environment. We comply with all regulations,
we openly report on our performance, good and bad, and we strive for continual
improvement of HSE performance. The HSE policy is broadly communicated to
BPXA employees and contractors along with the expectation that everyone
working for and on behalf of BPXA comply with the HSE policy.
BPXA has had an Environmental Management System (EMS) in place since the
late 1990s. An EMS provides a structure for managing environmental compliance
and improving performance, as depicted in the diagram below. BPXAs EMS
was independently certified to meet the requirements of the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14001 standard in 1998 and has been
recertified every three years. BPXA has a single ISO 14001 certificate which
covers its North Slope activities as well as its Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) test facility
located on the Kenai Peninsula.
BPXA is currently expanding its management system to incorporate health and
safety regulations and policies. The Health, Safety, Environmental Management
System (HSEMS) will be in place by the end of 2008. A decision will be made
whether to seek independent certification of the HSEMS once the system is fully
implemented.
Milne Point
The Milne Point Unit field is located approximately 25 miles west of Prudhoe Bay.
Milne began production in 1985. In 1994, BPXA acquired the majority interest in the
field and assumed operation from Conoco. Milne Point has its own processing
facility, housing facility, medical and fire departments. Milne has improved production
rates through the use of electric submersible pumps. The field has a significant
resource of viscous and heavy oil reserves and efforts are actively underway to test
technology that could access the heavy oil reserves. Mitigation of potential
environmental concerns are a part of the technology evaluation.
Endicott
Endicott was the first producing oil field located offshore in the Beaufort Sea and
began production in 1987. The development consists of two man-made gravel
islands connected by a causeway. The main production island where the processing
facilities and living facilities are located is approximately 55 acres. The satellite
drilling island is approximately 16 acres. The causeway that connects the two
islands to the mainland contains breaches to allow for water flow and fish passage.
Badami
Badami is located approximately 35 miles east of Prudhoe Bay and was the first
North Slope field developed off the road system. It has an airstrip which is used for
transporting workers and supplies. Production began in 1998. The reservoir
underlying Badami has proved difficult to produce. BPXA continues to evaluate
techniques for improving production but decided to shut down the facility on an
interim basis in September 2007.
Northstar
Northstar is an offshore island constructed in the Beaufort Sea and began production
in 2001. The field is located north of Prudhoe Bay and has been developed from a
five-acre island constructed in about 39 feet of water. Oil is processed on the island
and transported by an undersea pipeline from Northstar to the Trans-Alaska Pipeline.
Northstar does not have a permanent road. Transportation to and from Northstar
varies with the season and weather conditions. An ice road is used in the winter with
a helicopter or hovercraft in the non-winter seasons.
Gas-to-Liquids Plant
The Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) plant is a small test facility located on the Kenai Peninsula
near the town of Nikiski. The plant was commissioned in 2002 and is used for testing
and research of methods to convert natural gas into liquid hydrocarbons.
Non-operated Fields
BPXA holds a major ownership interest in the Kuparuk field and four adjacent
satellite fields. The Kuparuk field is located 40 miles west of Prudhoe Bay and began
production in 1981. ConocoPhillips operates the field and implements environmental
policies and procedures designed to minimize the impact of their operations.
Although their management systems are not independently verified, they do
measure, audit and publicly report their health, safety and environmental
performance.
BP in Alaska
BPXA is one of Alaskas largest employers, taxpayers and investors. Petroleum
taxes generate about 85 percent of the states revenue funds and as one of the major
oil companies in Alaska, BPXA pays a significant portion of these taxes. With
approximately 2,000 employees, BPXA is the sixth largest employer in the state.
Thousands of contractor employees from a variety of contract companies also
support BPXAs operation and development activities. BPXA is investing
approximately $400 million a year in North Slope facilities and infrastructure to
prepare us for the next 50 years of operations.
Our strategy for Alaska is to minimize the production decline of the traditional oil
reservoirs, develop the heavier viscous oil reservoirs, and maintain our infrastructure
while supporting efforts that will lead to future North Slope gas production.
BPXAs performance for metrics such days away from work case frequencies
(DAFWCF) and recordable injury frequencies (RIF) is better than the general
U.S. industry and other U.S. oil and gas companies (data gathered from
OSHA website). BPXA had improved performance between 2003 and 2005.
BPXAs DAFWCF and RIF rates increased in 2006 and 2007 but remained
below 2003 rates.
BPXA
U.S. Oil & Gas
U.S. Private Industry
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2004
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2006
2007
BPXA
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Issue - Health
BPXA recognizes that the health of our workforce directly affects the health of
our organization. BPXA is committed to helping our employees be physically,
emotionally and mentally healthy, focused, engaged, and motivated
throughout their workday, across all their years of service with BPXA.
Impact
Health impacts associated with BPXA operations include aging
demographics, increases in non-occupational illnesses and injuries, fatigue,
chemical, respiratory, noise and ergonomic issues. In addition, the work
environment on the North Slope of Alaska poses additional health challenges
resulting from shift work (12-hour work shifts) and rotational schedules (oneand two-week work rotational schedules) and the Arctic climate (extremes of
darkness and daylight conditions and weather). BPXA also has an aging
workforce that faces common age-related health issues such as
hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes and obesity associated with a
sedentary lifestyle.
Management
BPXA is committed to ensuring that work health risks are identified,
assessed, managed and minimized. Traditional occupational health issues
such as noise and chemical exposure are managed through elimination of
the hazard when possible and hazard mitigation otherwise. BPXAs hazard
communication program (HAZCOM) educates the workforce about possible
risks and controls to mitigate the risk such as respiratory and hearing
protection.
BPXA also promotes personal health and wellbeing through resources
such as co-located fitness centers, group fitness classes, North Slope fun
runs, exercise testing, annual health fairs, health risk assessments and
lifestyle and condition-management services.
Operational controls:
BPXA has established programs for addressing ergonomics and
occupational medicine (including respiratory protection, hearing conservation
and bloodborne pathogens).
Health and wellness are promoted through health fairs, flu vaccines, fitness
centers located at North Slope and Anchorage locations, and an employee
assistance program that provides free, confidential assistance with family,
work, personal and substance abuse issues.
Five medical clinics are located on the North Slope, which provide emergency
care for life-threatening injuries and illnesses; urgent care for minor
Performance
Future plans
Since March 2006, the importance of employee health has received greater
awareness due to issues related to BPXAs aging workforce, increased
medical evacuations and medical case management numbers as well as
ongoing concerns on worker fatigue and stress. There is also a greater
awareness of issues such as presenteeism, the condition of being
physically present but mentally absent due to the distractions of personal and
family issues.
To address health management comprehensively, BPXA has developed a
strategic health plan that consists of nine elements: employee assistance
program; ergonomics; fitness for duty; medical clinic management;
occupational medicine; lifestyle management and condition management;
health and wellness services; medical case management; and substance
abuse prevention. Many of the elements of the plan are currently in place and
the balance will be implemented over the next one to five years.
Issue Environmental
BPXA operates oil and gas facilities in a remote, Arctic environment that
consists of environmentally sensitive wetlands underlain by permafrost.
This environment is a seasonal home to many bird species including the
threatened spectacled eider and year-round home to animals such as
musk oxen and polar bears.
A key environmental issue that BPXA faces relates to spills and spill
reporting. BPXA has a high number of reportable spills that stems, in part,
from reporting requirements specific to the Alaskan environment. Any size
spills that occur on ice roads and ice pads (including drips of hydraulic oil)
are reportable to the National Response Center because the ice roads
and pads are built upon tundra, which has been interpreted to be waters
of the United States..
In addition, the Alaska state reporting requirement for spills is relatively
stringent compared to the federal reporting requirement and the
requirements of many other states. For many substances, Alaska
regulators require spills of any quantity to be reported, regardless of
whether the spill occurred inside a building or within the protection of a
secondary containment barrier; e.g., pint of corrosion inhibitor spilled
on a warehouse floor.
BPXA cleans up all spills that occur, whether reportable or not, and
reports them in accordance with local, state and federal requirements.
Impact
BPXA conducts oil and gas exploration and production activities, which does
affect its surrounding environment. BPXA activities that have environmental
impact are regulated by local, state and/or federal oversight. BPXA has also
taken many voluntary steps to reduce its impact to the environment over time
and continues to look for opportunities that will lessen impact.
One area of improvement relates to impact to land (tundra). BPXA uses ice
roads and pads to access pipelines for inspections and conduct exploratory
drilling whereas in the past, gravel roads and pads were built. Technological
improvements in drilling allow closer spacing of wells and horizontal wells,
which allows access to the oil reservoir without additional gravel placement.
In addition, BPXA has a program to remove gravel roads and pads that are
no longer needed and rehabilitate the tundra.
Impact associated with waste generation and disposal has also decreased
through activities such as recycling, use of totes instead of drums (reduces
drums to be managed and recycled), and use of produced water for
enhanced oil recovery.
Management
BP and BPXA are committed to managing its operations with the least impact
to the environment. BPXA uses an Environmental Management System
(EMS) to help manage its environmental performance. BPXAs EMS has
been certified against the International Standard of Organizations (ISO)
14001 standard for 10 years.
As part of its EMS, BPXA has identified all environmental impacts from
activities and determined those that are significant; has a tool for managing
compliance obligations associated with permits and regulatory agreements;
sets annual objectives and targets for improving environmental performance;
conducts audits, and has regular management reviews of performance.
Operational controls:
BPXA has many operational controls that help manage environmental
impacts. Some controls are listed below:
Air quality BPXA emissions are regulated by state air quality permits.
Control technologies and emission limits reduce air emissions.
team.
These objectives and targets are approved by top management, tracked
quarterly, and reviewed during an annual management review meeting.
Investigations:
BPXA records the details of all spills and other environmental events into an
electronic database. Corrective and preventive actions are assigned and
tracked to completion as appropriate.
BPXA also has a rigorous investigation process for environmental
incidents, to better understand what happened and take steps to prevent
recurrence.
Performance
BPXA has shown an overall decrease in the number of environmental events
with the maturity of its EMS. Since 2002, environmental events related to air,
underground injection, wastewater/storm water, land use, and drinking water
have decreased significantly. For example, in 2002, BPXA had 21
environmental events with the drinking water regulations and by 2007, there
was one environmental event. Although many environmental events are
administrative in nature, related to reporting issues, BPXA is improving its
performance overall by putting in place systems that help prevent all
environmental events.
BPXA has also made significant progress on its remediation program of
abandoned exploration sites and production reserve pits where historic
drilling wastes were placed in open pits during the initial development of
Prudhoe Bay. Since 1995 drilling wastes have been injected deep
underground into geologically isolated zones. BPXA has a program to
remove this drilling waste and rehabilitate the historical drilling reserve pits to
tundra wetlands. Since 2002, 16 historic gravel exploration sites have been
remediated, gravel removed, and rehabilitation of tundra initiated. Removal
of waste from the 21 production pits in the Eastern Operating Area of
Prudhoe Bay was completed by 2004. In the Western Operating Area of
Prudhoe Bay, 21 production sites had drilling waste reserve pits. As of the
end of 2007, waste excavation was complete at six sites and underway at five
sites.
Performance on spills remains a challenge. Although the majority of spills
occur on gravel pads or ice pads/roads and are less than one barrel in
volume, two significant spills occurred in 2006. In March 2006, a small
undetected hole in a pipeline in the western area of Prudhoe By caused a
crude oil leak of approximately 5,050 barrels. In August 2006, BPXA ordered
a phased shut down of the Prudhoe Bay oil field following the discovery of
unexpectedly severe internal corrosion and a leak of 199 barrels of crude oil
from the oil transit line in the Eastern Operating Area of Prudhoe Bay.
Following the inspection of the transit lines, regulators gave permission for
production to be resumed and the eastern part of the field was restarted in
September, 44 days after the discovery of the spill. All oil from the two spills
has been cleaned up.
Following the 2006 spills, BPXA fully cooperated with the U.S. governments
investigation as well as performed its own investigation of the spill causes. In
2007, BPXA spent more than $250 million on a program to upgrade or
replace pipelines, increase corrosion inspection and monitoring, carry out
preventative maintenance and repairs, expand capacity, and improve the
efficiency of major facilities in all BPXA-operated fields. BPXA is currently
replacing the oil transit line system in the Prudhoe Bay field, which includes
adding pipeline pigging facilities to clean and inspect pipelines, direct
corrosion inhibitor injection, new leak detection and corrosion monitoring
systems.
Future plans
Further Information
Additional information about BPXAs operations in Alaska can be found at the
following websites.
BP Annual Report and Accounts 2007 (pages 20-21)
http://www.bp.com/liveassets/bp_internet/globalbp/globalbp_uk_english/se
t_branch/STAGING/common_assets/downloads/pdf/ara_2007_annual_re
port_and_accounts.pdf
BP in Alaska website access
http://alaska.bp.com
BP in Alaska brochure
http://www.bp.com/assets/bp_internet/us/bp_us_english/STAGING/local_a
ssets/downloads/a/alaska_fact11_2007.pdf
BP Alaska Fact Sheets
http://www.bp.com/sectiongenericarticle.do?categoryId=9024600&contentI
d=7025879
BP 2007 Sustainability Report (page 7)
http://www.bp.com/liveassets/bp_internet/globalbp/STAGING/global_asset
s/e_s_assets/downloads/bp_sustainability_report_2007.pdf
Feedback
Tell us what you think. Are our statements easy to understand, not detailed enough
or perhaps too complicated?
Is there any further information in which you are interested? Let us know what you
think so we can improve our report. If you have any queries about this report or
general operations, please write or telephone us and we will be happy to assist.
Tel. 1- 907-564-5610
Fax. 1-907-564-5020
The next BP Alaska Site Report will be issued during 2011 and will cover the period
from 2008 to 2010
Verification Statement
We have independently reviewed the BP Alaska Site Report and conclude it
represents a true and fair reflection of the health, safety and environmental programs
and performance within BP Alaska. We have found no statements in this report
which we have been unable to substantiate and verify through interviews,
observations, visits and / or review of the appropriate systems or documents.
Signed:
Date: 7/13/08
Paul Strange
for Det Norske Veritas Certification, Inc.