GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 1 E.S.O.

E.S.O.

I.E.S. PEAS NEGRAS MORA (TOLEDO)

UNIT - 0
brother
city
class
classroom
clock
desk
England
favourite
friend
from
goodbye
hello

VOCABULARY
- hermano
- ciudad
- clase
- aula
- reloj
- pupitre
- Inglaterra
- favorito
- amigo/a
- de, desde
- adis
- hola

Excuse me
Please
In pairs

notebook
page
same
sister
so
south
Spain
student
teacher
time
today
year

- Disculpe
- Por favor
- En parejas

Whats your name? My name is .

Where are you from? Im from Toledo
Where do you live? I live in Mora
Whats your adress? 17, Main Street
What do you do?
Im a student
Whats your telephone number?
My telephone number is 999763400
Have you got any brothers or sisters?
Yes, Ive got 2 brothers and 3 sisters

What colour are your eyes? Theyre brown

Whats your favourite school subject?

My favourite school subject is Maths
USEFUL PHRASES
Thank you
You're welcome
What time is it?

Unit
Unit 0

ask
be
begin
draw
find
listen
match
practise
read
start
study
tell
use
write

COLOURS

- preguntar
- ser, estar
- comenzar
- dibujar
- encontrar
- escuchar
- emparejar
- practicar
- leer
- empezar
- estudiar
- decir (a)
- usar
- escribir

black
blue
brown
green
grey
orange
pink
purple
red
white
yellow

- negro
- azul
- marrn
- verde
- gris
- naranja
- rosa
- morado
- rojo
- blanco
- amarillo

- Gracias
- De nada
- Qu hora es?

GRAMMAR

1.1.- Numbers
1 one
2 two
3 three
4 four
5 five
6 six
7 seven
8 eight
9 nine
10 ten

VERBS

PERSONAL FILE

- cuaderno
- pgina
- mismo/a
. hermana
- por eso, as que
- sur
- Espaa
- estudiante
- profesor/a
- hora, tiempo, vez
- hoy
- ao

3.- Demostrativos

2.2.- The Alphabet

11 - eleven
12 - twelve
13 thirteen
14 fourteen
15 fifteen
16 sixteen
17 seventeen
18 eighteen
19 nineteen
20 twenty

A /ew/

30 - thirty
40 - forty
50 - fifty
60 - sixty
70 - seventy
80 - eighty
90 - ninety
100 - a hundred
1,000 - a thousand
1,000,000 - a million
45 - forty-five 610 - six hundred and ten
6,241 - six thousand, two hundred and forty-one
6.6.- Whats the time?

B /bi:/ C /si:/

H /ew/ I /aw/

D /di:/

E /i:/

J /ew/ K /kew/ L /el/

O /c/ P /pi:/ Q /kju:/ R /Y:(r)/ S /es/

V /vi:/

W /dblju:/

X /ex/

F /ef/

G /i:/

M /em/ N /en/
T /ti:/

Y /waw/ Z /zed/

U /ju:/

this
that
these
those

- este/a/o
- ese/a/o
aquel/a/o
- estos/as
- esos/as
aquellos/as

4.- El artculo determinado

5.- El artculo indeterminado

the:
the el, la, lo, los, las (the dog, the dogs, the table,
the tables,...)

a (un, una) an (un, una)

a se utiliza delante de palabras que

Delante de sonido de consonante se pronuncia /c/. comienzan con sonido de consonante.
Delante de sonido de vocal su pronunciacin es /w/. an se utiliza delante de palabras que
comienzan con sonido de vocal.
the lemon /c lemcn/, the orange /w Zrwn/
a dog, a window, an elephant, an apple
05.00 Its five oclock
01.30 Its half past one
08.25 Its twenty-five past eight
02.15 Its quarter past two
12.05 Its five past twelve
09.40 Its twenty to ten
10.45 Its quarter to eleven
04.50 Its ten to five
03.17 Its seventeen minutes past three

UNIT 1
a lot of
- muchos, muchas
big
- grande
bike
- bici
birthday
- cumpleaos
blonde
- rubio
capital letter - letra mayscula
computer - ordenador
country
- pas
fair
- rubio
family
- familia
famous
- famoso
for
- para, por
here
- aqu
house
- casa
long
- largo
member - miembro

Nice to meet you

Good luck!
No way
He's cute
He's got brown hair and blue eyes

UNIT 1

VOCABULARY
new
of
pen
people
person
pet
photo
present
rule
short
singer
there
too
voice
with

- nuevo
- de
- boli
- gente, personas
- persona
- mascota
- foto
- regalo, presente
- regla
- corto
- cantante
- all
- tambin
- voz
- con

THE FAMILY
parents
- padres
dad
- pap
father
- padre
mum
- mam
mother
- madre
granddad - abuelo
grandma - abuela
brother
- hermano
sister
- hermana
son
- hijo
daughter - hija
uncle
- to
aunt
- ta
cousin
- primo/a
husband - marido
wife
- esposa

USEFUL PHRASES
- Encantado de conocerte
- Buena suerte!
- De ninguna manera
- Es guapo
- Tiene el pelo castao y los ojos azules

head
hair
eye
ear
nose
mouth
cheek
chin
neck
back
shoulder
arm
elbow
hand
finger
leg
knee
ankle
foot
feet
toe

THE BODY
- cabeza
- pelo
- ojo
- oreja
- nariz
- boca
- mejilla
- barbilla
- cuello
- espalda
- hombro
- brazo
- codo
- mano
- dedo (mano)
- pierna
- rodilla
- tobillo
- pie
- pies
- dedo del pie

VERBS
add
- aadir
check - comprobar
choose - elegir
copy
- copiar
go
- ir
have
- haber, tener, tomar
hear
- or
help
- ayudar
live
- vivir
look at - mirar
make - hacer
pay attention - prestar atencin
talk
- hablar, conversar
tick
- marcar con un tick
translate - traducir

GRAMMAR

7.- Caso Posesivo

8.- Adjetivos Posesivos

9.- El adjetivo

Sirve para indicar posesin o pertenencia. Hay dos formas:

a) Cuando el poseedor es una persona o un animal, se colocan las
palabras en el siguiente orden:
POSEEDOR APSTROFO S COSA POSEDA (sin artculo)
Pams books (los libros de Pam)
The girls dress (el vestido de la chica)
b) Si el poseedor es pural y termina en s se aade slo el apstrofo:
The girls dresses (los vestidos de las chicas)
c) Si el poseedor es una cosa, se utiliza la preposicin of:
of
The leg of the table (la pata de la mesa).

my
your
his
her
its

El adjetivo en ingls es invariable. Tiene igual

forma en masculino, femenino, singular o
plural.
good = bueno, buena, buenos, buenas

mi, mis
tu, tus
su, sus (de l)
su, sus (de ella)
su, sus (de un
animal o cosa)
our - nuestro/a/os/as
your - vuestro/a/os/as
their - su, sus (de ellos/as)

- El adjetivo se coloca delante del nombre:

a good book (un buen libro)
yellow cars (coches amarillos)
- Tambin puede ir detrs de algunos verbos:
Peter is tall (Peter es alto)

UNIT 2

VOCABULARY

about

- alrededor de,
sobre
after
- despus de
also
- tambin
beach
- playa
bed
- cama
before
- antes de
bonfire
- hoguera
candle
- vela
centre
- centro
cereal
- cereales
daily routine - rutina diaria
dancer
- bailarn
each
- cada
early
- temprano
enormous - enorme
festival
- fiesta, festival
fireworks - fuegos
artificiales
fire
- fuego

food
game
guitar
homework
horoscope
important
Indian
job
last
late
love
match
money
nurse
shower
typical
week
weekend
way
work

- comida
- juego
- guitarra
- deberes
- horscopo
- importante
- indio, hind
- trabajo, empleo
- ltimo, pasado
- tarde
- amor
- partido
- dinero
- enfermera
- ducha
- tpico
- semana
- fin de semana
- camino, manera
- trabajo

DAYS
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday

VERBS

brush your hair - cepillarse el pelo

clean your teeth - limpiarse los dientes
do your homework - hacer los deberes
get up
- levantarse
go to bed
- acostarse
have a lie-in
- levantarse tarde
have a shower - ducharse
have breakfast - desayunar
MONTHS
have dinner
- cenar
have lunch
- comer (medio da)
January
- enero
leave home
- salir de casa
February
- febrero
listen to music - escuchar msica
March
- marzo
make your bed - hacer la cama
April
- abril
play computer games - jugar con
May
- mayo
el ordenador
June
- junio
read a magazine - leer una revista
July
- julio
wash your hands - lavarse las manos
August
- agosto
- ver la tele
September - septiembre watch TV
October
- octubre
November - noviembre
December - diciembre

A DAY
in the morning
in the afternoon
in the evening
at night

DAILY ACTIVITIES

- domingo
- lunes
- martes
- mircoles
- jueves
- viernes
- sbado

USEFUL PHRASES

- por la maana (hasta las 12:00)

- por la tarde (12:00 a 17:30)
- por la tarde/noche (a partir de las 17:30)
- por la noche

How are you?

I'm fine, thanks
When's your birthday?
Go on
Hurry up!
Good night!
From Monday to Friday

MY TYPICAL FRIDAY
After lunch I...
- Despus de comer yo...
After school I...
- Despus del colegio yo...
I have lunch at... - Yo como a las...
On a typical Friday I get up at... - En un viernes tpico me levanto a...

UNIT 2

- quemar
- venir
- cocinar
- hacer
- terminar
- salir
- aprender
- gustar
- escuchar (a)
- encontrarse con
- jugar, tocar
- practicar
- decir
- dormir
- hablar
- deletrear
- ensear
- creer, pensar
- visitar
- andar, caminar
- trabajar

PUNCTUATION

- Cmo ests?
- Estoy bien, gracias
- Cundo es tu cumpleaos?
- Contina
- Date prisa!
- Buenas noches!
- De lunes a viernes

Hi, Mike. It's Tracy

Can you come to the caf on Friday?
I need to ask my dad
Wait a minute
See you there!

burn
come
cook
do
finish
go out
learn
like
listen to
meet
play
practise
say
sleep
speak
spell
teach
think
visit
walk
work

apostrophe
comma
exclamation mark
full stop
question mark
new paragraph

- apstrofo
- coma
- admiracin
- punto
- interrogacin
- aparte

PHONING A FRIEND
- Hola, Mike. Soy Tracy!
- Puedes venir a la cafetera el viernes?
- Necesito preguntrselo a mi pap
- Espera un minuto
- Nos vemos all!

GRAMMAR

10.
10.- Uso del presente simple

11.
11.- s en la 3 persona del singular:

Usamos el presente simple para:

a) Spelling:

12.
12.- Adverbios de frecuencia

13 Pronombres personales

always
- siempre
Subject Object
usually
- usualmente
- Hablar de horarios y de acciones
- Se aade s en la 3 persona del singular:
often
- a menudo
I
me = yo
habituales o costumbres:
I play he plays
sometimes - a veces
you you = t
The film starts at six oclock
- Si el verbo termina en ss, ch, sh, x, o,
o aade es:
es
ever
- alguna vez
he
him = l
I go to judo every Wednesday
I watch she watches
I go he goes
rarely
- raramente
- Si el verbo termina en y precedida de consonante,
she her = ella
hardly ever - casi nunca
- Expresar verdades generales y
cambia la y por ies:
I study he studies
it
it
= ello (un
ies
never
- nunca
definiciones:
animal o cosa)
- El verbo have tiene la forma especial has:
Manchester is a city
we
us = nosotros/as
I have he has
Los adverbios de frecuencia
you you = vosotros/as
-Tambin para indicar gustos,
se colocan delante del verbo
b) Pronunciation:
they them = ellos/as
opiniones y sentimientos:
principal, o detrs del verbo
She likes music
/z/
play-plays
run-runs
to be:
/s/
walk-walks
put-puts
I always go to school by bus
/wz/
wash-washes relax-relaxes
Do you often cycle to school?
She is never late for school
14 Connectors
and - y
or - o
but - pero

first - primero
then - luego
finally - finalmente

so
- por eso, as que
because - porque
while
- mientras

however
although

- sin embargo
- aunque

for example - por ejemplo

in conclusion - en conclusin

UNIT 3
academy
activity
adress
against
because
boring
captain
card
character
competitor
enough
fast
league
lesson

VOCABULARY
- academia
- actividad
- seas, direccin
- contra
- porque
- aburrido
- capitn
- carnet, tarjeta
- personaje
- competidor
- bastante,
suficiente
- rpdo
- liga
- leccin

Good morning!
Good afternoon!
Good evening!
Good night!

mistake
national
nice
now
only
or
possible
shot
similar
small
sports centre
team
until

- error, equivocacin
- nacional
- bonito, agradable
- ahora
- slo, solamente
-o
- posible
- disparo
- similar
- pequeo
- centro de
deportes
- equipo
- hasta

GREETINGS
- Buenos das!
- Buenas tardes!
- Buenas tardes/noches!
- Buenas noches! (al despedirnos)

SPORTS
athletics
- atletismo
basketball
- baloncesto
cycling
- ciclismo
football
- ftbol
gymnastics - gimnasia
hang-gliding - ala delta
karate
- krate
parachuting - paracaidismo
paragliding - parapente
rock climbing - escalada
sailing
- vela
scuba-diving - submarinismo
skateboarding - monopatn
skiing
- esqu
swimming
- natacin
tennis
- tenis
volleyball
- balonvolea
weight-training
- levantamiento de pesos
windsurfing - windsurf

PREPOSITIONS WITH TIME

at two o'clock
- a las dos
at night
- por la noche
at the weekend - el fin de
semana
in August
- en agosto
in the morning - por la maana
in the afternoon - por la tarde
in the evening - por la
tarde/noche
in 2002
- en 2002
on Sunday
- el domingo

believe
cycle
hate
join
love
pass
prefer
run
score
see
sit
stop
USEFUL PHRASES
support
swim
Come on!
- Vamos!
I don't believe it! - No me lo creo! win
I'm sorry
- Lo siento
Over here!
- Aqu, por aqu
Over there!
- All, por all
Welcome
- Bienvenido

Can I join the sports centre, please?

How do you spell...?
What's your address?
What's your telephone number?
Here's your membership card

UNIT 3

VERBS
- creer
- hacer ciclismo
- odiar
- unirse
- amar, gustar mucho
- pasar
- preferir
- correr
- marcar
- ver
- sentarse
- parar
- apoyar, sostener
- nadar
- ganar

JOINING A SPORTS CENTRE

- puedo apuntarme al centro de deportes, por favor?
- Cmo se deletrea...?
- Cul es tu direccin?
- cul es tu nmero de telfono?
- Aqu tienes tu carnet de socio

GRAMMAR
15.- Interrogativos

who
what
which
when
where

- quin, quines (pregunta por personas)

- qu, cul (pregunta por cosas)
- qu, cul (cuando se elige entre varios)
- cundo
- dnde

where... from
why
whose
what ... like
how

- de dnde
- por qu
- de quin
- cmo (cmo es algo)
- cmo (cmo est o se hace algo)

How much
How many
How old
How long
How often

- cunto/a
- cuntos/as
- cuntos aos
- cunto tiempo
- con qu frecuencia

16.16.- QUESTIONS
'Wh''Wh'-QUESTIONS:
QUESTIONS Son preguntas que comienzan por un interrogativo (who,
what, where, how,...). Hay dos clases:
Preguntas por el sujeto:
sujeto Se hacen con el interrogativo (who, what o which)
y el verbo en forma afirmativa. Se responden con el nombre del sujeto:
Who lives in that house?
- Bill
Who has got my keys?
- I've got them
What is burning?
- A piece of paper
Preguntas
Preguntas por un objeto:
objeto Se hacen con la partcula interrogativa (who,
what, why, where, how, how many,...) y el verbo en forma interrogativa. Se
responden con una frase completa:
Who are you phoning?
- I'm phoning Bill
What is Peter doing?
- He's playing the guitar
Where do they live?
- They live in London

'YES/NO' QUESTIONS:
QUESTIONS Se hacen con el verbo en forma interrogativa.
Se responden con Yes o No, seguido del verbo auxiliar con que se haya
preguntado.
Are you my friend?
- Yes, I am
Has your brother got a bike? - No, he hasn't
Can Miss Norton swim?
- No, she can't
Do you like music?
- Yes, I do
Did they play with you?
- Yes, they did
COMPARE:
COMPARE
David telephoned Peter
Who telephoned Peter?
Who did David telephone?

- David (subject)
- Peter (object)

UNIT 4
all
bad
biology
finally
hour
Ireland
later
maybe
plant
pound
project

- todos
really
- realmente
- malo
shop-assistant
- biologa
- dependiente
- finalmente Switzerland - Suiza
- hora
temperature - temperatura
- Irlanda
that
- que
- ms tarde thing
- cosa
- quizs
tiger
- tigre
- planta
tropical
- tropical
- libra
whale
- ballena
- proyecto wind
- viento
USEFUL PHRASES
What's the weather like? - Qu tiempo hace?
At the moment
- En este momento
Of course
- Desde luego
There you are!
- Ah ests!
Wait!
- Espera!

VOCABULARY
THE WEATHER
it's cloudy - est nublado
it's cold
- hace fro
it's foggy - hay niebla
it's hot
- hace calor
it's raining - est lloviendo
it's snowing - est nevando
it's sunny - hace sol
it's warm - hace calor
(templado)
it's windy - hace viento
CARDINAL POINTS
north
- norte
south
- sur
east
- este
west
- oeste
THE WORLD
Europe
- Europa
Asia
- Asia
Africa
- frica
The Americas - Amrica
Oceania
- Oceana
Antarctica
- La Antrtida

UNIT 4

COUNTRIES & NATIONALITIES

VERBS
Australia - Australian - Australia - australiano buy
- comprar
Brazil - Brazilian
- Brasil - brasileo
chat
- charlar, chatear
Canada - Canadian - Canad - canadiense dance - bailar
drink - beber
China - Chinese
- China - chino
England - English - Inglaterra - ingls
eat
- comer
jump - saltar
France - French
- Francia - francs
Germany - German - Alemania - alemn
know - saber, conocer
Greece - Greek
- Grecia - griego
look for - buscar
phone - telefonear
India - Indian
- India - indio/hind
Italy - Italian
- Italia - italiano
rain
- llover
Japan - Japanese
- Japn - japons
send - enviar
shine - brillar
Nigeria - Nigerian - Nigeria - nigeriano
Peru - Peruvian
- Per - peruano
shout - gritar, dar voces
sing
- cantar
Russia - Russian
- Rusia - ruso
snow - nevar
Scotland - Scottish - Escocia - escocs
want
- querer
Spain - Spanish
- Espaa - espaol
IN A SHOP
Can I help you?
- Puedo ayudarle?
Do you sell maps?
- Vendis mapas?
I'm looking for a map of London - Estoy buscando un mapa de Londres
I'd like this one
- Quiero ste
Here you are!
- Aqu tiene!

GRAMMAR

17.
17.- Formacin del gerundio

18.
18.- El presente continuo

- El gerundio de los verbos se forma aadiendo ing al infinitivo.

open/opening look/looking work/working be/being
- Si el verbo termina en una e muda, pierde dicha e:
have/having live/living close/closing
- Los verbos terminados en slaba tnica formada por una vocal
seguida de una consonante (excepto w o y ), duplican la consonante al
aadir ing: run/running begin/beginning sit/sitting swim/swimming

- Se conjuga con el verbo to be ms el verbo principal terminado en ing.

- Se usa principalmente para hablar de acciones que estn ocurriendo
en el mismo momento en que se habla.
I am reading this book (estoy leyendo este libro)
Emily isn't playing with Mary (Emily no est jugando con Mary)

UNIT 5
board
- tablero
called
- llamado
carpet - alfombra
cheap
- barato
closed - cerrado
coast
- costa
expensive - caro
left
- izquierda
light
- luz
problem - problema
quite
- bastante,
completamente
right
- derecha
river
- ro
road - carretera, calle
sea
- mar
tourist - turista
transport - transporte

VOCABULARY
PLACES IN TOWN
airport
- aeropuerto
department store - grandes almacenes
baker's
- panadera
doctor's surgery - consulta
bank
- banco
football ground - campo de ftbol
beach
- playa
games arcade
- recreativos
bus stop
- parada de autobs music shop
- tienda de msica
caf
- cafetera
newsagent's
- kiosco de prensa
chemist's
- farmacia
police station
- comisara
cinema
- cine
post office
- oficina de correos
library
- biblioteca
sports shop
- tienda de deportes
restaurant - restaurante
supermarket
- supermercado
school
- escuela
swimming pool - piscina
underground - metro
town hall
- ayuntamiento
university
- universidad
train station - estacin de ferrocarril

PREPOSITIONS
PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE
behind - detrs (de)
in
- en (dentro de)
in front of - delante de
next to - junto a
on
- en (encima de)
opposite - en frente (de)
over
- sobre
under - debajo de

arrive
call
catch
close
follow
get

VERBS
- llegar
- llamar
- coger
- cerrar
- seguir
- obtener,
conseguir
- dar
- necesitar
- abrir
- viajar
- girar

give
need
open
travel
turn
USEFUL PHRASES
Follow me
- Sgame
From all over the world - De todo el mundo
I'm hungry
- Tengo hambre
Too late
- Demasiado tarde
IMPERATIVES
GIVING DIRECTIONS
Be careful!
- Ten cuidado!
Excuse me. Is there a supermarket near here? - Disculpe. Hay un supermercado cerca de aqu?
Be quiet!
- Cllate!
Can you tell me where the library is, please? - Me puede decir dnde est la biblioteca, por favor?
Go to bed!
- Vete a la cama!
How do I get there?
- Cmo llego all?
Sit down!
- Sintate!
Go straight on and turn left
- Siga recto y gire a la izquierda
Don't be late!
- No llegues tarde!
Thanks a lot!
- Muchas gracias!
Don't write in your book! - No escribas en tu libro! You're welcome!
- De nada!

UNIT 5
19.
19.- There is / There are
There is y there are significan hay
There is se usa en singular y there are en plural.
- There is an apple on the table
- There are some apples here
- There isnt an apple on the table - There arent any apples here
- Is there an apple on the table? - Are there any apples here?
- Theres some milk in the glass
- There isnt any milk in the glass
- Is there any milk in the glass?
21.
21.- Formacin del plural
plural
1.- Regla general: Se aade s al singular:
name/names book/books boy/boys
es
2.- Si el singular termina en s, sh, x, ch y, a veces, en o, aade es:
dress/dresses box/boxes potato/potatoes match/matches
3.- Si el singular termina en y precedida de consonante, cambia la y
por ies:
ies
fly/flies family/families country/countries

GRAMMAR
GRAMMAR
20.
20.- El imperativo
El imperativo de los verbos se usa para dar instrucciones y rdenes. Se forma
con el infinitivo del verbo, pero sin to. Es igual en singular y en plural. La
negativa se forma con dont.
Open the door (Abre/abrid la puerta)
Wait for me (Esprame/esperadme)

Don't open the door

Don't wait for me

4.- Varias palabras terminadas en f o fe, cambian la f por v y aaden es:

wife/wives thief/thieves shelf/shelves
5.- Plurales irregulares:
man/men woman/women child/children ox/oxen foot/feet
tooth/teeth
person/people
6.- Palabras que slo se usan en plural:
trousers (pantaloes), jeans (vaqueros), scissors (tijeras)
7.- Nombres con igual sigular que plural:
sheep (oveja/-as), fish (pez/peces).

UNIT 6
baby
barbecue
bottle
canteen
countryside
cow
cross
Easter
every
example
fast food
glass
group
healthy
meal
minute
noise
per cent
percentage
portion
through
type
wrestler

UNIT 6

VOCABULARY
- beb
- barbacoa
- botella
- cantina
- campo
- vaca
- cruz
- Pascua
- cada, todos
- ejemplo
- comida rpida
- cristal
- grupo
- sano
- comida
- minuto
- ruido
- por ciento
- porcentaje
- porcin
- por, a travs de
- tipo
- luchador

apple
beef
beer
biscuit
bread
butter
cake
carrot
cheese
chicken
chips
chocolate
cod
coffee
crisps
dairy
egg
fat
fruit
grapefruit
grape
gravy
ham

FOOD AND DRINKS

- manzana
hamburger
- carne de vaca juice
- cerveza
lemonade
- galleta
meat
- pan
milk
- mantequilla
more
- pastel
onion
- zanahoria
pasta
- queso
pea
- pollo
pizza
- patatas fritas pork
- chocolate
protein
- bacalao
rice
- caf
roast meat
- patatas fritas salt
- lechera
strawberry
- huevo
sugar
- gordo, grasa
tea
- fruta
tuna
- pomelo
vegetables
- uva
water
- salsa
wine
- jamn
yoghurt

VERBS
- hamburguesa
- zumo
- gaseosa
- carne
- leche
- ms
- cebolla
- pasta
- guisante
- pizza
- carne de cerdo
- proteina
- arroz
- carne asada
- sal
- fresa
- azcar
- t
- atn
- verduras
- agua
- vino
- yogur

can

- poder, saber
(hacer algo)

USEFUL PHRASES
I'm thirsty
- Tengo sed
Look!
- Mira!
Well
- Bien
Good idea
- Buena idea
Would you like a biscuit? - Quieres una galleta?
INVITATIONS
Are you doing anything on Saturday night?
- Vas a hacer algo el sbado por la noche?
I don't think so
- Creo que no
Do you want to come? - Quieres venir?
Yes, that sounds fun - S, parece divertido

GRAMMAR

22.
23.-- Some y any
22.- Nombre contables e incontables
23.
Son nombres contables los que se refieren a cosas que
Some y Any significan:
pueden contarse poniendo un nmero delante. Tienen
algunos-as (delante de nombres contables en plural)
singular y plural.
algo de (delante de nombres incontables)
dog (one dog, two dogs, three dogs,...), window, cup,... Some se utiliza en frases afirmativas y any en frases
negativas e interrogativas.
- I have got some books - There is some water here
Son incontables los que se refieren a algo que no puede
contarse poniendo nmeros delante. No tienen plural.
- I haven't got any books - There isn't any water here
- Have I got any books? - Is there any water here?
milk, rain, money, music, water,...

24 Presente Continuo con

valor
or de futuro:
val
futuro:
El presente continuo se puede
utilizar para describir planes
futuros:
Im visiting my uncle tomorrow

UNIT 7

VOCABULARY

angry
- enfadado
artist
- artista
at home - en casa
between - entre
break
- recreo
difficult
- difcil
easy
- fcil
experiment - experimento
everybody - todos
fish
- pescado
floor
- suelo, piso
foreign
- extranjero
foreign language - lengua
extranjera
fortunately - afortunadamente
friendly - simptico, amable
fun
- diversin
interesting - interesante
large
- grande
main
- principal

most
- la mayor parte
on holiday - de vacaciones
opinion
- opinin
order
- orden
painting - pintura
private
- privado
school subject - asignatura
secondary - secundaria
state
- estatal
timetable - horario
trip
- excursin
uniform
- uniforme
weak
- dbil
yesterday - ayer
the day before yesterday
- anteayer
last week - la semana pasada
this week - esta semana
next week - la semana que
viene

UNIT 7
- first
2nd - second
3rd - third
4th - fourth
5th - fifth
6th - sixth
7th - seventh
8th - eighth
9th - ninth
10th - tenth

bring
organise
pay
try
wear

VERBS
- traer
- organizar
- pagar
- probar, intentar
- llevar puesto

THE SCHOOL
- sala de reuniones
- comedor
- gimnasio
- aula de msica
- patio de recreo
- laboratorio de ciencias
- campo de deportes
USEFUL PHRASES
Are you OK?
- Ests bien?
Are you sure?
- Ests seguro?
How was it?
- Cmo fue?
I don't understand - No entiendo
Really?
- De verdad?
Sorry!
- Lo siento!
What a day!
- Qu da!
What do you mean? - Qu quieres decir?
You weren't at volleyball practise yesterday
- No estuviste en entrenamiento de baloncesto ayer
assembly hall
dining room
gymnasium
music room
playground
science lab
sports field

GRAMMAR

25.25.- Ordinals:
1st

SCHOOL SUBJECTS
art
- Arte
computer studies - Informtica
English
- Ingls
French
- Francs
geography - Geografa
history
- Historia
maths
- Matemticas
music
- Msica
P.E.
- Educacin fsica
science
- Ciencias

11th

21st

eleventh
twenty-first
12th twelfth
22nd twenty-second
13th thirteenth 23rd twenty-third
14th fourteenth 24th twenty-fourth
15th fifteenth
25th twenty-fifth
16th sixteenth 26th twenty-sixth
17th seventeenth 27th twenty-seventh
18th eighteenth 28th twenty-eighth
19th nineteenth 29th twenty-ninth
20th twentieth 30th thirtieth
31st thirty-first

26.26.- Las formas verbales:

27.- Los tiempos

tiempos verbales:

Los verbos ingleses tienen tres formas:

1 - Infinitivo - sirve para los tiempos simples.
2 - Pasado - sirve para la afirmativa del
pasado simple.
3 - Participio - sirve para los tiempos compuestos.

Los verbos tienen cuatro tiempos simples

y otros cuatro compuestos.

Los verbos regulares hacen la 2 y 3 forma

aadiendo ed: play played played
Los verbos irregulares hacen la 2 y 3 forma de
cualquier otra manera: break broke broken

Present Simple
Past Simple
Future Simple
Present Condicional

Present Perfect
Past Perfect
Future Perfect
Perfect Condicional

UNIT 8
acrobat - acrbata
archaeologist - arquelogo
bird
- pjaro
bowl
- cuenco
Britain - Gran Bretaa
castle
- castillo
change - cambio
date
- fecha
Egypt
- Egipto
Egyptian - egipcio
exciting - emocionante,
excitante
feast
- banquete
ghost
- fantasma
gold
- oro
grass
- hierba
just
- justo

VOCABULARY
king
- rey
lots of
- muchos/as
message - mensaje
mobile phone - telfono mvil
poor
- pobre
prison
- prisin
prisoner - prisionero
queen
- reina
quietly
- silenciosamente
rich
- rico
servant
- sirviente
show
- espectculo
story
- historia
strange
- extrao
tomb
- tumba
towards
- hacia
warm
- templado

THE HOUSE
armchair - silln
bath
- baera
bedside table - mesilla de
noche
chest of drawers - cmoda
coffee table - mesa de centro
cooker
- cocina (aparato)
dishwasher - lavavajillas
fireplace - chimenea, hogar
fridge
- frigorfico
microwave - microondas
plate
- plato

PARTS OF THE HOUSE

bathroom - cuarto de bao
bedroom - dormitorio
dining room - comedor
downstairs - piso de abajo
garden
- jardn
hall
- vestbulo
kitchen
- cocina
living room - cuarto de estar
stairs
- escaleras
toilet
- servicio
upstairs
- piso de arriba
wardrobe - armario ropero
washbasin - lavabo
USEFUL PHRASES

I'm going!
- Ya voy! / Me voy
Stop it!
- Djalo!
That isn't funny! - Eso no tiene gracia!

VERBS
be born - nacer
carry - llevar, transportar
clean - limpiar
climb - trepar, escalar
decide - decidir
discover - descubrir
die
- morir
escape - escapar
fly
- volar
grow - crecer, cultivar
hurry - darse prisa
invent - inventar
leave - salir de, dejar
marry - casarse
paint - pintar
plan - planear, plnificar
put
- poner
wake up - despertar

AT A MUSEUM
Can I have four tickets, please?
Can I have a guidebook too, please?
That's 39.50 in total, please.
Yes, of course

- Me puede dar cuatro tickets, por favor?

- Me puede dar tambin una gua, por favor?
- Son 39.50 libras en total, por favor.
- S, desde luego.

UNIT 8

GRAMMAR

28.- El pasado simple

29.
29.- Terminacin -ed de los verbos

- El Pasado Simple de los verbos regulares se conjuga

de la siguiente manera:
a) AFIRMATIVA Con sujeto+verbo terminado en ed
b) NEGATIVA
Con didn't entre sujeto y verbo (en infinitivo)
c) INTERROGATIVA: Con did delante del sujeto y verbo (en infinitivo)

1.- Aaden '-ed'

ask-asked
stay-stayed
2.- Si terminan en 'e', aaden slo 'd'
live-lived
like-liked
3.- Algunos verbos duplican su consonante
final:
- El Pasado Simple se usa para hablar de acciones que ocurrieron en
stop-stopped travel-travelled
un pasado determinado. Se suelen usar con una expresin de
4.- Si terminan en consonante+y pierden la
tiempo:
y y aaden 'ied'
I went to Madrid last Sunday
study-studied cry-cried

30.
30.- Pronunciacin de -ed
/d/ Regla general:
love-loved
kill-killed
/t/ Despus de los sonidos
/p/,/k/,/s/,/f/,//,//
jump-jumped walk-walked
/wd/ Despus de /t/,/d/
want-wanted add/added

UNIT 9

VOCABULARY

chess
- ajedrez
classmate - compaero de
clase
coat
- abrigo
during
- durante
for
- por, durante
holiday - fiesta, vacaciones
hotel
- hotel
ice
- hielo
made
- hecho
mountain - montaa
news
- noticia/-as
poem
- poema
ready
- preparado, listo
souvenir - suvenir
statue
- estatua
suitcase - maleta
Sweden - Suecia
swimsuit - traje de bao
theme park - parque temtico
tomorrow - maana
tonight
- esta noche
tower
- torre

CLOTHES
bikini
- bikini
boots
- botas
cap
- gorra
cardigan
- rebeca
dress
- vestido
glasses
- gafas
gloves
- guantes
hooded top - top con capucha
jacket
- chaqueta
jeans
- vaqueros
miniskirt
- minifalda
scarf
- bufanda
shorts
- pantalones cortos
sleeve
- manga
sleeveless dress - vestido sin mangas
socks
- calcetines
sunglasses - gafas de sol
sweater
- suter
swimsuit
- traje de bao
top
- top
tracksuit
- chandal
tracksuit bottoms
- pantalones de chandal
trainers
- deportivas
trousers
- pantalones
T-shirt
- camiseta
wooly hat
- gorro de lana

UNIT 9

Let's go!
- Vmonos!
Let's go to the park! - Vayamos al parque!
Shall we ask Greg? - Le preguntamos a
Greg?
Why don't we go to the cinema? - Por qu no
vamos al cine?

GRAMMAR
IRREGULAR VERBS
flew
flown
- volar
forgot
forgotten - olvidar
froze
frozen - helar
got
got
- obtener, conseguir
gave
given
- dar
went
gone
- ir
grew
grown - crecer, cultivar
had
had
- haber, tener
heard
heard - or
hit
hit
- golpear
held
held
- sujetar, sostener
hurt
hurt
- herir, hacer dao
kept
kept
- guardar
knew
known - saber,conocer
learnt
learnt - aprender
left
left
- salir de, dejar
lent
lent
- prestar
let
let
- dejar, permitir
lost
lost
- perder
made
made - hacer, fabricar
met
met
- encontrarse con
paid
paid
- pagar
put
put
- poner
read
read
- leer
rode
ridden - montar, cabalgar

ring
run
say
see
sell
send
shine
shut
sing
sit
sleep
speak
spend
stand
steal
swim
swing
take
teach
tell
think
throw
wake
wear
win
write
(*) Los verbos marcados con asterisco pueden conjugarse tambin como verbos regulares.
be
become
begin
bite
break
bring
build
burn*
buy
catch
choose
come
cost
cut
do
draw
dream*
drink
drive
eat
fall
feed
feel
fight
find

was/were
became
began
bit
broke
brought
built
burnt
bought
caught
chose
came
cost
cut
did
drew
dreamt
drank
drove
ate
fell
fed
felt
fought
found

been
become
begun
bitten
broken
brought
built
burnt
bought
caught
chosen
come
cost
cut
done
drawn
dreamt
drunk
driven
eaten
fallen
fed
felt
fought
found

- ser, estar
- hacerse, convertirse
- comenzar
- morder
- romper
- traer
- edificar, constuir
- quemar
- comprar
- coger
- elegir
- venir
- costar
- cortar
- hacer
- dibujar
- soar
- beber
- conducir
- comer
- caer(se)
- alimentar
- sentir
- luchar
- encontrar

fly
forget
freeze
get
give
go
grow
have
hear
hit
hold
hurt
keep
know
learn*
leave
lend
let
lose
make
meet
pay
put
read
ride

ADJECTIVES
boring - exciting
- aburrido - emocionante
easy - difficult
- fcil - difcil
good - bad
- bueno - malo
happy - unhappy
- feliz - desdichado
healthy - unhealthy - sano - insano
hot - cold
- caliente - fro
old - new
- viejo - nuevo
old - young
- viejo - joven
patient - impatient - paciente - impaciente
polite - impolite
- educado - maleducado
popular - impopular - popular - impopular
possible - impossible - posible - imposible
short - long
- corto - largo
small - big
- pequeo - grande
tall - short
- alto - bajo
tidy - untidy
- ordenado - desordenado
MAKING SUGGESTIONS

forget
go abroad
go shopping
must
remember
spend
stay
suggest
sunbathe
tidy

VERBS
- olvidar
- ir al extranjero
- ir de compras
- deber, tener que
- recordar
- pasar, gastar
- quedarse
- sugerir
- tomar baos de sol
- ordenar, arreglar

USEFUL PHRASES
Don't worry
Hurray!
I think so
It's OK

rang
ran
said
saw
sold
sent
shone
shut
sang
sat
slept
spoke
spent
stood
stole
swam
swung
took
taught
told
thought
threw
woke
wore
won
wrote

- No te preocupes
- Hurra!
- Creo que s
- Est bien

rung
run
said
seen
sold
sent
shone
shut
sung
sat
slept
spoken
spent
stood
stolen
swum
swung
taken
taught
told
thought
thrown
woken
worn
won
written

- sonar
- correr
- decir
- ver
- vender
- enviar
- brillar
- cerrar
- cantar
- sentarse
- dormir
- hablar
- pasar, gastar
- estar de pie
- robar
- nadar
- balancearse
- tomar, llevar
- ensear
- decir (a)
- creer, pensar
- tirar
- despertar(se)
- llevar puesto
- ganar
- escribir

VERBOS AUXILIARES

I.E.S Peas Negras

Verbo auxiliar TO BE (ser o estar)

PRESENT
PRESENT SIMPLE
NEGATIVE

AFFIRMATIVE
Long form
I am
(yo soy/estoy)
you are (t eres/ests)
he is
(l es/est)
she is
(ella es/est)
it is
(ello es/est)
we are (nosotros/as somos/estamos)
you are (vosotros/as sois/estis)
they are (ellos/as son/estn)

Short form
I'm
you're
he's
she's
it's
we're
you're
they're

Long form
I am not
you are not
he is not
she is not
it is not
we are not
you are not
they are not

INTERROG.

Short form
I'm not
you aren't
he isn't
she isn't
it isn't
we aren't
you aren't
they aren't

am I?
are you?
is he?
is she?
is it?
are we?
are you?
are they?

PAST SIMPLE
NEGATIVE

AFFIRMATIVE
Long form
I was
(yo era/estaba)
you were (t eras/estabas)
he was (l era/estaba)
she was (ella era/estaba)
it was
(ello era/estaba)
we were (nosotros/as ramos/estbamos)
you were (vosotros/as erais/estabais)
they were (ellos/as eran/estaban)

Long form
I was not
you were not
he was not
she was not
it was not
we were not
you were not
they were not

Short form
I wasnt
you weren't
he wasnt
she wasnt
it wasnt
we weren't
you weren't
they weren't

INTERROG.
INTERROG.
was I?
were you?
was he?
was she?
was it?
were we?
were you?
were they?

RESPUESTAS BREVES
Affirmative
Negative
Yes, I am
Yes, you are
Yes, he is
Yes, she is
Yes, it is
Yes we are
Yes, you are
Yes, they are

No, Im not
No, you arent
No, he isnt
No, she isnt
No, it isnt
No, we arent
No, you arent
No, they arent

RESPUESTAS BREVES
Affirmative
Negative
Yes, I was
Yes, you were
Yes, he was
Yes, she was
Yes, it was
Yes we were
Yes, you were
Yes, they were

No, I wasnt
No, you werent
No, he wasnt
No, she wasnt
No, it wasnt
No, we werent
No, you werent
No, they werent

Verbo auxiliar to have haber - PRESENT SIMPLE

AFFIRMATIVE
NEGATIVE
INTERROG.
Short form Long form
Long form
form Short form
I have
you have
he has
she has
it has
we have
you have
they have

(yo he)
(t has)
(l ha)
(ella ha)
(ello ha)
(nosotros/as hemos)
(vosotros/as habis)
(ellos/as han)

I've
you've
he's
she's
it's
we've
you've
they've

I have not
you have not
he has not
she has not
it has not
we have not
you have not
they have not

I haven't
you haven't
he hasn't
she hasn't
it hasn't
we haven't
you haven't
they haven't

have I?
have you?
has he?
has she?
has it?
have we?
have you?
have they?

RESPUESTAS BREVES
Affirmative
Negative
Yes, I have
Yes, you have
Yes, he has
Yes, she has
Yes, it has
Yes, we have
Yes, you have
Yes, they have

No, I havent
No, you havent
No, he hasnt
No, she hasnt
No, it hasnt
No, we havent
No, you havent
No, they havent

Verbo modal can - saber o poder

poder (hacer algo) - PRESENT SIMPLE
NEGATIVE
AFFIRMATIVE
I can
you can
he can
she can
it can
we can
you can
they can

(yo puedo/s)
(t puedes/sabes)
(l puede/sabe)
(ella puede/sabe)
(ello puede/sabe)
(nosotros/as podemos/sabemos)
(vosotros/as podis/sabis)
(ellos/as pueden/saben)

Long form
I cannot
you cannot
he cannot
she cannot
it cannot
we cannot
you cannot
they cannot

Short form
I can't
you can't
he can't
she can't
it can't
we can't
you can't
they can't

INTERROG.
can I?
can you?
can he?
can she?
can it?
can we?
can you?
can they?

RESPUESTAS BREVES
NEGATIVE

AFFIRMATIVE
Yes, I can
Yes, you can
Yes, he can
Yes, she can
Yes, it can
Yes, we can
Yes, you can
Yes, they can

No, I cant
No, you cant
No, he cant
No, she cant
No, it cant
No, we cant
No, you cant
No, they cant

Verbo modal must deber o tener que (hacer algo) - PRESENT SIMPLE
NEGATIVE
AFFIRMATIVE
Long form
I must not
I must (yo debo/tengo que)
you must (t debes/tienes que)
you must not
he must (l debe/tiene que)
he must not
she must (ella debe/tiene que)
she must not
it must not
it must (ello debe/tiene que)
we must (nosotros/as debemos/tenemos que) we must not
you must (vosotros debis/tenis que)
you must not
they must (ellos/as deben/tienen que)
they must not

Short form
I mustn't
you mustn't
he mustn't
she mustn't
it mustn't
we mustn't
you mustn't
they mustn't

INTERROG.
must I?
must you?
must he?
must she?
must it?
must we?
must you?
must they?

RESPUESTAS BREVES
NEGATIVE

AFFIRMATIVE
Yes, I must
Yes, you must
Yes, he must
Yes, she must
Yes, it must
Yes, we must
Yes, you must
Yes, they must

No, I mustn't
No, you mustn't
No, he mustn't
No, she mustn't
No, it mustn't
No, we mustn't
No, you mustn't
No, they mustn't

VERBO REGULAR TO PLAY (JUGAR)

PRESENT SIMPLE
NEGATIVE
NEGATIVE
Long form
Short form

AFFIRMATIVE
I play
you play
he plays
she plays
it plays
we play
you play
they play

(yo juego)
(t juegas)
(l juega)
(ella juega)
(ello juega)
(nosotros/as jugamos)
(vosotros/as jugis)
(ellos/as juegan)

I do not play
you do not play
he does not play
she does not play
it does not play
we do not play
you do not play
they do not play

Long form
I am playing
(yo estoy jugando)
you are playing (t ests jugando)
he is playing (l est jugando)
she is playing (ella est jugando)
it is playing
(est jugando)
we are playing (nosotros estamos jugando)
you are playing (vosotros estis jugando)
they are playing (ellos/as estn jugando)

Short form
Im playing
youre playing
hes playing
shes playing
its playing
were playing
youre playing
theyre playing

Long form
I am not playing
you are not playing
he is not playing
she is not playing
it is not playing
we are not playing
you are not playing
they are not playing

do I play?
do you play?
does he play?
does she play?
does it play?
do we play?
do you play?
do they play?

(yo jugu/jugaba)
(t jugaste/jugabas)
(l jug/jugaba)
(ella jug/jugaba)
(ello jug/jugaba)
(nosotros/as jugamos/jugbamos)
(vosotros/as jugasteis/jugabais)
(ellos/as jugaron/jugaban)

Long form
I did not play
you did not play
he did not play
she did not play
it did not play
we did not play
you did not play
they did not play

Short form
I didn't play
you didn't play
he didn't play
she didn't play
it didn't play
we didn't play
you didn't play
they didn't play

Yes, I do
Yes, you do
Yes, he does
Yes, she does
Yes, it does
Yes, we do
Yes, you do
Yes, they do

INTERROGATIVE

Short form
I'm not playing
you aren't playing
he isn't playing
she isn't playing
it isn't playing
we aren't playing
you aren't playing
they aren't playing

PAST SIMPLE
NEGATIVE

AFFIRMATIVE
I played
you played
he played
she played
it played
we played
you played
they played

I don't play
you don't play
he doesn't play
she doesn't play
it doesn't play
we don't play
you don't play
they don't play

PRESENT CONTINUOUS
NEGATIVE

AFFIRMATIVE

RESPUESTAS BREVES
Affirmative
Negative

INTERROGATIVE

No, I dont
No, you dont
No, he
doesnt
No she
doesnt
No, it doesnt
No, we dont
No, you dont
No, they
dont

RESPUESTAS BREVES

Affirmative
am I playing?
Yes, I am
are you playing? Yes, you are
is he playing? Yes, he is
is she playing? Yes, she is
is it playing?
Yes, it is
are we playing? Yes, we are
are you playing? Yes, you are
are they playing? Yes, they are

Negative
No, Im not
No, you arent
No, he isnt
No, she isnt
No, it isnt
No, we arent
No, you arent
No, they arent

RESPUESTAS BREVES

INTERROG.
did I play?
did you play?
did he play?
did she play?
did it play?
did we play?
did you play?
did they play?

Affirmative

Negative

Yes, I did
Yes, you did
Yes, he did
Yes, she did
Yes, it did
Yes, we did
Yes, you did
Yes, they did

No, I didnt
No you didnt
No, he didnt
No, she didnt
No, it didnt
No, we didnt
No, you didnt
No, they didnt

PHONETICS
VOWELS
/
/
/ee/
/w/
/Z/
/ /
/ /

man
pen
ship
hot
book
cup

DIPTHONGS
/Y:/
/f:/
/ii:/
/]:/
/uu:/
/c/

car
girl
sheep
ball
boot
a glass of
water

/aaw/
/eew/
/]w/
/aa/
/c/
/wc/
/eec/
/c/

like
tail
boy
house
phone
beer
chair
tour

CONSONANTS
/pp/
/bb/
/tt/
/dd/
/kk/
/gg/

pen
baby
ten
door
car
girl

/ss/
/zz/
//
//
//
//

sun
zoo
shoe
television
chair
jam

/ff/
/vv/
/w
w/
/jj/
/hh/
//

fat
van
window
yellow
hat
thin

//
/m
m/
/nn/
//
/ll/
/rr/

the weather
mouth
nose
ring
letter
rain