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1.
Mass/g
Total number
of molecules
Oxygen
O2
1
Ammonia
1.5
25.5
Water
H2O
31023
(Relative atomic mass: H,1;C, 12; N, 14; O, 16; Na, 23; S, 32; K, 39 and Avogadros constant =
6 1023 mol -1)
a.
Complete the above table.
[3 marks]
b.
Calculate the number of molecules in 8.9 g of sulphuric acid, H2SO4.
[2marks]
c.
d.
e.
f.
The empirical formula of glucose is CH2O. The mass of 0.5 mole of glucose is 90g. What
1
g.
ii.
a.
i.
ii.
b.
Figure 1
State the molecular formula of aspirin?
___________________________________________________________________
[1mark]
What is the molar mass of aspirin?
(Relative atomic mass: H, 1; C, 12; O,16)
[1mark]
i.
Figure 2
State the molecular formula and empirical formula of
vitamin C.
(Relative atomic mass: H, 1; C, 12; O, 16)
Molecular formula:___________________________________________________
ii.
iii.
iv.
Empirical formula:___________________________________________________
[2 marks]
What is the different between the molecular formula and empirical formula of
vitamin C?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
Calculate the mass of 0.2 mole of vitamin C.
[1 mark]
c.
The empirical formula of a compound Y is CH2O. If its relative molecular mass is 180,
[2 marks]
ESSAY QUESTION
3.
a.
i.
ii.
[2 marks]
[2 marks]
b.
[3 marks]
PAPER 3
4
Figure below shows the set-up of apparatus for experiment to determine the empirical formula
of magnesium oxide.
23.70
Magnesium ribbon
25.50
White fumes
White
powder
26.68
iii.
The mass of crucible, lid and magnesium oxide when cooled = _____________g
[3 marks]
b.
i.
ii.
Calculate the mole ratio of magnesium atoms to oxygen atoms use the information
that the Relative atomic mass of O = 16 and Mg = 24.
iii
[3 marks]
c.
Write a balanced chemical equation to represent the chemical reaction that occurs in the
experiment.
[3 marks]
d.
Tartaric acid is widely used as a flavoring in food and drink. It has a molecular formula
of C4H6O6. Find its empirical formula.
[3 marks]
e.
f.
[3 marks]
The position of metal M is below hydrogen in the reactivity series. A student is required
to carry out an experiment to determine the empirical formula of the oxide of metal M.
The apparatus provided are porcelain dish, combustion tube, glass tube, cork and Bunsen
burner.
i.
[3 marks]
ii.
Describe the steps that should be taken to ensure that all the air in the combustion
tube has been expelled.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
[3 marks]
7
ANSWER
1
a.
Matter
Oxygen
Ammonia
Water
5.4671022
1.4 g
2.8171023
2800 cm3
C6H12O6
i.
ii.
2. a. i.
ii.
b. i.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
ii.
iii.
iv.
c. C6H12O6
3. a. i.
ii.
Formula Number of
mole
Mass/g
Total
number of
molecules
61023
9.01023
31023
Total
number of
atoms
O2
1
32
1.21024
NH3
1.5
25.5
3.61024
H2O
0.5
9
91023
[3 marks]
Molecules
[1 mark]
[1 mark]
ions
[1 mark]
[1 mark]
[1 mark]
100
[1 mark]
39%
[1 mark]
C9H8O4
[1 mark]
-1
180 g mol
[1 mark]
Molecular formula = C6H8O6
[1 mark]
Empirical formula = C3H4O3
[1 mark]
The molecular formula of vitamin C shows that the vitamin C
contains 6 carbon, 8 hydrogen and 6 oxygen atoms whereas
empirical formula only shows that the simplest whole number ratio
of C:H:O is 3:4:3 in the molecule of vitamin C.
[2 marks]
35.2 g
[1 mark]
54.55%
[1 mark]
[2 marks]
The empirical formula of a compound gives the
simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each
element in that compound.
The molecular formula of a compound gives the
actual number of atoms of each element that are
present in a molecule of the compound.
Ethanol, C2H5OH
[1 mark]
[1 mark]
[2 marks]
b. i
element
C
Percentage
85.8%
Mass/g
85.8
Number of
85.8/12= 7.15
mole
The simplest
7.15/7.15 = 1
ratio
The empirical formula is CH2
ii.
a.
b.
i.
iii.
Mass of magnesium
25.50-23.70 = 1.80 g
mass of oxygen
26.68-25.5 = 1.18 g
element
Mg
mass
1.8
mol
1.8/24
= 0.075
mol
ratio
1
MgO
[ 2 marks]
14.2/7.15 =
1.98 = 2
ii.
c.
d.
e.
f.
H
14.2%
14.2
14.2/1 = 14.2
[1 mark]
[1 mark]
[1 mark]
[3 marks]
O
1.18
1.18/16
= 0.074
mol
1
[3 marks]
[3 marks]
[3 marks]
[3 marks]
[3 marks]
ii.