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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
PINNA cont.
BONY PART:
Cartilaginous part:
Is also lateral wall of the internal ear. The promontory (first turn of the
cochlea and indented with fine grooves by the tympanic plexus.
Above it is a horizontal ridge for the canal for the facial nerve, and
TYMPANIC ANTRUM
Small, circular, air filled space, situated in the posterior part of the
petrous part of the temporal bone.1 cm in size, is of adult size at birth.
Superiorly.
Tegmen tympani. Beyond it is temporal lobe of
cerebrum.
Inferiorly.
Mastoid process with mastoid air cells.
Anteriorly.
Communicates with epitympanic recess through aditus.
Posteriorly.
Separated from sigmoid sinus by thin plate of bone.
Medially.
Petrous temporal bone.
Laterally.
Squamous temporal bone. Relation with suprameatal triangle).
Narrow, oblique, slit like, air containing cavity in the petrous part of
temporal bone.
Transmit the vibrations of tympanic membrane to the perilymph of
internal ear.
OSSICLES
1. MALLEUS
2. INCUS
MUSCLES
STAPEDIUS
MUSCLES
TENSOR TYMPANI
AUDITORY TUBE
INTERNAL EAR
Bony labyrinth
Vestibule,
Three semicircular canals
Cochlea
Membranous labyrinth.
Semicircular ducts
Cochlear duct
INTERNAL EAR
BONY LABYRINTH
Vestibule:
BONY LABYRINTH
Semicircular Canals
BONY LABYRINTH
COCHLEA
It is a bony structure that twists on itself two and onehalf to two and three-quarter times around a central
column of bone (the modiolus).
This arrangement produces a cone-shaped structure
with a base of cochlea that faces posteromedially and
an apex that faces anterolaterally.
This positions the wide base of the modiolus near the internal acoustic
meatus, where it is entered by branches of the cochlear part of the
vestibulocochlear nerve [VIII].
BONY LABYRINTH
COCHLEAR AQUEDUCT
MEMBRANOUS LABYRINTH
ORGANS OF BALANCE
Utricle
The utricle is the larger of the two sacs. It is oval, elongated and
irregular in shape and is in the posterosuperior part of the vestibule of
the bony labyrinth.
Three semicircular ducts empty into the utricle.
Saccule
ORGANS OF BALANCE
SENSORY RECEPTORS
ORGAN OF HEARING
which separates the endolymph in the cochlear duct from the perilymph in
the scalavestibuli and consists of a membrane with a connective tissue
core lined on either side with epithelium;
Floor, which separates the endolymph in the cochlear duct from the
perilymph in the scala tympani and consists of the free edge of the
lamina of modiolus, and a membrane (basilar membrane) extending
from this free edge of the lamina of modiolus to an extension of the
spiral ligament covering the outer wall of the cochlea.
VESSELS
MEMBRANOUS LABYRINTH
INNERVATION
INNERVATION