Works Cited

Beavins, Sean. "Jonathan Letterman." Civil War Trust. Ed. Jim Campi et al. Civil War Trust, n.d.
Web. 14 Nov. 2014. <http://www.civilwarmed.org/letterman-dinner/the-lettermanplan/>. this article was made for the general audience and provided brief, but complex
information about Jonathan Letterman. It provided the numbers of people working and its
situation. Also had the death of his loved one and his story before the Civil War
"Casualties & Medical Care" ["Casualties & Medical Care"]. Casualties & Medical Care. Ed.
Kevin Eirest. Civil War Heritage Ring, n.d. Web. 7 Dec. 2014.
<http://civilwar.bluegrass.net/CasualtiesAndMedicalCare/ambulancecorps.html>.
Transporting the wounded from the Civil War. Has situations before the Jonathan
Letterman's position in the army and contrasts the significant difference between the
improved Ambulance Corps and the past one. Secondary Source.
"Chapter 5: Medicine and Medical Practices." National Park Service. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Nov.
2014. <http://www.nps.gov/resources/story.htm?id=265>. Provides the improvements
Jonathan Letterman made to the ambulance system during the Civil War. It also tell you
about the legacy of Civil War Medicine.
Clements, Bennett Augustine, Colonel. Memoir of Johnotham Letterman. 1883. New York:
Press of G. P. Putnam's son, 1883. Print. Vol. 4 of Memoir of Johnotham Letterman. 5
vols. The Memoir of Johnothan Letterman is a primary source, that gives us a detailed
view of Mr. Letterman''s accomplishments during the American Civil War. We see how
the triage system was developed and it's effective during battle when used first during the
Battle of Fredericksburg

Downey, Brian. "Surgeon Jonathan Letterman" ["Surgeon Jonathan Letterman"]. Surgeon

Jonathan Letterman. Ed. Brian Downey. Antietam On the Web, n.d. Web. 28 Nov. 2014.
<http://antietam.aotw.org/officers.php?officer_id=919>. Has a general timeline of what
Jonathan Letterman did before and after the war. Tells about his accomplishments in his
time in the war.
"Dr. Jonathan Letterman." The American Civil War. U.S Army, n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2014.
<http://www.army.mil/gettysburg/profiles/letterman.html>. Provides brief information
about his past life and army life. For the general audience
Greenwood, John T. "Hammond and Letterman: A Tale of Two Men Who Changed Army
Medicine" ["Hammond and Letterman: A Tale of Two Men Who Changed Army
Medicine"]. Hammond and Letterman: A Tale of Two Men Who Changed Army
Medicine. Ed. John T. Greenwood. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2014.
<http://www.ausa.org/SiteCollectionDocuments/ILW%20WebExclusivePubs/Landpower%20Essays/LPE03-1.pdf>. Has Extremely detailed
information about Jonathan Letterman's promotions and his partnership with Hammond.
For people who are deeply interested in Jonathan Letterman and William Hammond.
Hawk, Alan. "Thank God for Jonathan Letterman" ["Thank God for Jonathan Letterman"].
Thank God for Jonathan Letterman. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Dec. 2014.
<http://www.academia.edu/2209355/Thank_God_for_Jonathan_Letterman>. Info about
past predecessors before Jonathan Letterman came. Roles and duties of William A.
Hammond and Medical Director Charles Tripler. Secondary Source.

Jordan, Patrick. "Review Civil War: 1863 iPad Game." iPad Insight. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Dec.
2014. <http://ipadinsight.com/ipad-app-reviews/review-civil-war-1863-for-ipad/>.
pictures
Kitner, Katie, et al. "The Legacy of Civil War Medicine" ["The Legacy of Civil War Medicine"].
Biting the Bullet: The Legacy of Civil War Medicine. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Dec. 2014.
<http://www.ship.edu/assets/0/153/236/599/600/604/052479d9-a5d3-4f71-b35dde17834b9ffb.pdf>. detailed information about Civil War medicine and the contributions
people made in the evolution of our profound medicine. Provides surgical materials that
people used. Secondary Source
Leonard, Pat. "The End of the Gutbuster" ["The End of the Gutbuster"]. The Opinion Pages.
New York Times, 5 July 2012. Web. 30 Nov. 2014.
<http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/07/05/the-end-of-the-gutbuster/?_r=0>. This
site gives us a view of the changes Letterman brought after he got hired. Although Mr.
Leonard does not write much about what he did we do learn about the effects that it had,
by the description of each battle and how many lives were saved due to Mr. Letterman's
changes to the protocols when dealing with the wounded.
Letterman, Jonathan. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2014.
<http://pabook.libraries.psu.edu/palitmap/bios/Letterman__Jonathan.html>. This website
provides you with his biography, information about Ambulance Corps, Battle of
Gettysburg, Battle of Antietam, Camp Letterman, and Field Hospitals.
"The Letterman Plan." The Letterman Plan. Ed. Bonnie Brice Dorwart, M.D et al. NMCWM,
n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2014. <http://www.civilwarmed.org/letterman-dinner/the-lettermanplan/>. This website included Jonathan Letterman's life before he joined the military. It

gave us an outline of the Letterman plan and how his ambulance corps began and
functioned. It provided details of the creation of the Ambulance Corps and had the list of
regulations for field hospitals. The mission or goal was to find out more information
about how Jonathan created the Ambulance Corp for the Civil War. This article was used
to inform people about Letterman's achievements. This information has been written for
the general audience and it was great for finding out the steps and lists of their
independent systems.
Martin, Paul. "Secret hero -- Jonathan Letterman, the civil war healer of the fallen." FOX NEWS.
foxnews.com, n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2014.
<http://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2012/07/15/secret-hero-jonathan-letterman-civil-warhealer-fallen/>. This website provides you with his brief biography and also how he took
care of patients and how he organized his triage system.
"Medicine in the Civil War" ["Medicine in the Civil War"]. Medicine in the Civil War.
AmericanCivilWar.com, n.d. Web. 10 Dec. 2014.
<http://americancivilwar.com/kids_zone/civil_war_medicine.html>. DETAILS OF
SURGICAL MATERIALS BACK IN THE CIVIL WAR. Information about everything
surgeons used back in the Civil War
Patterson, Michael Robert. "Jonathan K. Letterman." Jonathan K. Letterman. Arlington National
Cemetery Website, n.d. Web. 4 Dec. 2014.
<http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/lettermn.htm>. Has information about major points in
his lifetime, career, and accomplishments.
Robertsonu2010Steel, Iain. Evolution of Triage Systems. Emergency Medicine Journalu202f:
EMJ 23.2 (2006): 154155. PMC. Web. 1 Dec. 2014. Since the triage system was what

our group was looking at and how it developed, this website was essential to our
research. This website taught us how the triage system developed from what Mr.
Letterman developed. We learned that there were now 9 steps in the triage system instead
of the 3 that Letterman created.
Stratton, Liz. "Sepia Saturday 91: Musicians in the US Civil War." Attics and Old Lace. N.p.,
n.d. Web. 14 Dec. 2014. <http://atticsandoldlace.blogspot.com/2011/09/sepia-saturday91-musicians-in-us-civil.html>. pictures
Tooker, John. "Antietam: Aspects of Medicine, Nursing and the Civil War." US National
Library of Medicine. Ed. John Tooker. 118th ed. Vers. 1. Rev. 2007. American Clinical
and Climatological Association, 2007. Web. 15 Nov. 2014.
<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1863579/#!po=5.00000>. This article
gave us a basic summary which helped us to figure out a topic to delve on. It gave us a
brief view of his early life than his accomplishments throughout his medical career. Mr.
Tooker not only looks at each of his accomplishment but also looks at the challenges he
faced throughout his career and how he defeated them.
Weeks, Richard Ernst. "Transportation of Federal Sick and Wounded." Transportation of
Federal Sick and Wounded. Ed. Richard Ernst Weeks. CivilWarTalk, n.d. Web. 15 Nov.
2014. <http://www.civilwarhome.com/sicktransportation.html>. Provides immense
amounts of details on specific things during the Civil War, focusing on the ambulance
corps. Provided for people who are interested in the Civil War
- - -. "The Union Army Ambulance Corps." The Union Army Ambulance Corps. Ed. Richard
Ernst Weeks. CivilWarTalk, n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2014.

<http://www.civilwarhome.com/ambulancecorps.htm>. Provides info about the

improvements the ambulance corps made
Yandoh, Judy, Mrs. "Battle of Fredericksburg." Weider History. Ed. Stephen Harding, Mr. et al.
Weider History Network, 2001. Web. 17 Nov. 2014. <http://www.historynet.com/battleof-fredericksburg>. This website gives us a detailed view of how the triage system helped
save many lives by rescuing the soldiers immediately and then being judged whether to
be sent to a high, long term hospital or a normal, close hospital. It also gave us the exact
number of the amount of soldiers that fell in the battle.