The Modified Variational Iteration Transform Method (MVITM) for Solving Nonlinear

Partial Differential Equations (NPDE)

A.S.Arife*
dr_math2010@yahoo.com
Department of Mathematical, faculty of science, Egypt

ABSTRACT
In this paper , we develop the modified variation iteration method for solving nonlinear equations. This method uses
Laplace transformations, the technique solves nonlinear problems without He's polynomial approximation analytical solution
of nonlinear equations by the Laplace transform method. The scheme is tested for some examples. It is shown that the solution
obtained by the variational iteration methods (VIM) and the special cases of Homotopy Analysis Method, and a comparison of
that solution by Numerical solution solving in Mathematica Software, shows the result that the numerical scheme is very
effective .

Key words: Variational Iteration Method, Laplace Transform Method, Nonlinear differential equation, of Homotopy
Analysis Method, Nonlinear Partial Differential Equation

1. Introduction
Many problem and engineering science are modeled by partial differential equation;. Nonlinear equation which one
of the basic nonlinear evolution equation

u tt (x ,t ) cu (x , t )u x (x , t ) + k ( u (x ,t ) ) = f (x , t ) , x R , t > 0
2

(1.1)

Where c, k is constant arisen various branched of physics ,engineering and applied science with initial condition

u (x , 0) = f (x ) , u t (x , 0) = g (x )

(1.2)

In this work, we will use the modified form of Laplace variational iteration method called the Modified Variational Iteration
Transform Methods (MVITM), It will be employed in a straight-forward manner , The variational iteration method was
developed by Ji Huan He [10-11]. This method provides an effective and efficient way of solving a wide range of nonlinear
operator equations [3-4]. HPM is used for solving differential and integral equations. This method was first proposed by
He[15-16] and has been the subject of extensive analytical equation and numerical studies. Here we use the Homotopy
Perturbation Method coupled with the Laplace transformation for solving the nonlinear eq (1.1. We have more analytical
methods. These methods include the harmonic balance method (HB) [9-10], the elliptic LindstedtPoincare method (LP), the
Krylov BogoliubovMitropolsky method (KBM) [15-16], the averaging [17] and multiple scales method (MSM) [50]. He [517-20-] has proposed a new perturbation technique to eliminate the small parameter assumption. This method is called the
homotopy perturbation method (HPM) and is applied to various nonlinear oscillator equations. For more details, see [1-2-4-519] and the references therein.

2. Basic idea of Variational Iteration Method (VIM):We consider the following general differential equation

Lu (x , t ) + Ru (x ,t ) + Nu (x ,t ) = f (x , t )
With the initial condition
u (x , 0) = h (x ) , u t (x , 0) =

(2.1)

f (x ) (2.2)

Where L is the Linear operator , R is the linear operator less than L ,N is the nonlinear operator , f(x,t) is an inhomogeous
term .According to the variational iteration method see[1-2-3-4].we can construct a correction functional as follows :

un+ 1 = un +

t
0

( ) [ Lu ( x , ) + Ru ( x , ) + Nu (x , ) f (x , t ) ]d

(2.3)

Where is a Lagrange multiplier [ 14-16] where L is given

solution u the solution is given by

= 1 .the successive approximation, u n + 1 , n 0 of the

u = lim u n

(2.4)

3. Modified Homotopy Perturbation Transform Method (MHPTM):Now we consider a general nonlinear equation [6-7] non-homogenous partial differential equation

Lu (x , t ) + Ru (x , t ) + Nu (x ,t ) = f (x , t )
With the initial condition and in this paper L is operator (

u (x , 0) = h (x ) ,

(3.1)
2

/t 2)

u t (x , 0) = f (x )

(3.2)

Taking the Lapace transforms we obtain:

Lu (x , t ) + Ru (x , t ) + Nu (x , t ) = f (x , t )

(3.3)

With the Laplace transformation

s 2 u (x , t ) su (x , 0) u t (x , 0) = f (x , t ) Ru (x , t ) Nu (x ,t )
h (x ) f (x ) 1
1
1
+
+ 2 f (x , t ) 2 Ru (x , t ) 2 Nu (x , t )
Or u ( x , t ) =
2
s
s
s
s
s

(3.4)
(3.5)

Taking the inverse Laplace

1 1
2 f (x , t ) 2 Ru (x , t )
s

1 1
Let H ( x , t ) = h (x ) + f (x )t + 2 f (x , t )
s

u (x , t ) = H (x , t ) 1 2 Ru (x , t ) 1 2 Nu (x , t )
s

u (x ,t ) = h (x ) + f (x )t +

2 Nu (x , t ) (3.6)
s

(3.7)
(3.8)

By Homotopy Perturbation Method

u (x ,t ) = H (x , t ) p

2 ( Ru (x , t ) + Nu (x ,t ) )
s

(3.9)

By He's polynomials the nonlinear operator He's polynomial is given:

An =

1 dn
n ! dp n

n i
N p ui
i=0

p= 0

(3.10)

And apply Construction homotopy Perturbation

n i
p ui
i=0

= H (x , t ) p

1
n i

R
2
p ui
s
i=0

n i
+

p ui

i=0

(3.11)

By He' polynomials eq

n i
p u i = H (x , t ) p
i=0

n i
2 R p u i + A n
i=0

(3.12)

Coopering the coefficient of like power of p

p 0 : u 0 (x , t ) = H ( x , t )

(3.13)

2 ( Ru 0 (x , t ) + A 0 )
s

P 2 : u 2 (x , t ) = 1 2 ( Ru 1 (x , t ) + A1 )
s

P 3 : u 3 (x , t ) = 1 2 ( Ru 2 (x , t ) + A 2 )
s

(3.14)

P 1 : u1 (x , t ) =

P n + 1 : u n + 1 (x , t ) =

2 ( Ru n (x ,t ) + A n )
s

4. Modified Variational Iteration Transform Method (MVTM):Now we consider a general nonlinear equation non-homogenous partial differential equation

Lu (x , t ) + Ru (x , t ) + Nu (x ,t ) = f (x , t )

(4.1)

With the initial condition and in this paper L is operator (

u (x ,0) = h (x ) ,

/t 2)

u t ( x ,0) = f (x )

(4.2)

Taking the Lapace transforms we obtain:

Lu (x , t ) + Ru (x , t ) + Nu (x , t ) = f (x , t )

(4.3)

With the Laplace transformation

s 2 u (x , t ) su (x , 0) u t (x , 0) = f (x , t ) Ru (x , t ) Nu (x ,t )
h (x ) f (x ) 1
1
1
Or u ( x , t ) =
+
+ 2 f (x , t ) 2 Ru (x , t ) 2 Nu (x , t )
2
s
s
s
s
s

(4.4)
(4.5)

Taking the inverse Laplace

u (x ,t ) = h (x ) + f (x )t +
Derivative by

u t (x , t ) +

2 f (x , t )
s

2 Ru (x , t )
s

2 Nu (x , t )
s

(4.6)

/ t both side (4.6)

1

2 Ru (x ,t ) +
s

2 Nu (x ,t )
s

By the correction function of the irrational Method

2 f ( x , t ) f (x ) = 0
s

(4.7)

un+1 = un

u (x , t ) +
0

2 Ru (x , t ) +
s

2 Nu (x , t )
s

2 f (x ,t ) f (x ) d (4.8)
s

Solution u - the solution is given by

u = lim u n
n

(4.9)

5. Illustrative examples:In this section, we solve the linearnonlinear problem with the last correction Modified Variational Iteration Transform
Method (MVITM) and we used eq (4.8) to solve the nonlinear problem

5.1 Example 1
We consider the following linear Schrdinger equation

u t + iu xx = 0

(5.1)

With initial condition

u (x , 0) = 1 + 2cosh 2x

(5.2)

We apply the Laplace transform on both sides

u t + iu xx = 0

(5.3)

By Laplace probability

s u u (x , 0) + i u xx = 0

(5.4)

By inverse Laplace and derivative

ut +

u xx = 0
s

(5.5)

Making the correction function is given

un+1 = un

t
0

(u n ) + i

u xx d
s

(5.6)

We apply the modified variational iteration transform method and with Mathematica package the solution in series form is
given by

u 0 = 1 + 2 cosh 2x
u1 = 1 + 2 cosh 2x 8it cosh 2x
u 2 = 1 + 2 cosh 2x 8it cosh 2x 16t 2 cosh 2x
u 3 = 1 + 2 cosh 2x 8it cosh 2x 16t 2 cosh 2x +

(5.7)
64 3
it cosh 2x
3

.
And in closed form by

u (x ,t ) = 1 + cosh 2xe 4 it

(5.8)

5.2

Example 2

We consider the following linear Schrdinger equation

iu t + u xx 2u = 0

(5.9)

With initial condition

u (x , 0) = e ix

(5.10)

We apply Laplace transform in both sides

i u t + u xx 2 u = 0

(5.11)

By Laplace probability

s u u (x , 0) i u xx + 2i u = 0

(5.12)

By inverse Laplace and derivative

ut

u xx + 2i
s
t

u= 0
s

(5.13)

Making the correction function is given

un+1 = un

t
0

u i t

u xx + 2i
s
t

u d
s

(5.14)

We apply the modified variational iteration transform method and with Mathematica package the solution in series form is
given by

u 0 = e ix
u1 = e ix 3ite ix
9 2 ix
t e
2
9
9
u 3 = e ix 3ite ix t 2e ix + it 3e ix
2
2
u 2 = e ix 3ite ix

(5.15)

.
And in closed form by

u (x ,t ) = e i ( x 3t )
5.3

(5.16)

Example 3
We consider the following nonlinear differential equation

u xx u x u yy = x + u

(5.17)

With initial condition

u (x , 0) = sin y , u x (x , 0) = 1
We apply Laplace transform in both sides

(5.18)

 u xx (x , y ) u x u yy u + x = 0

(5.19)

By Laplace probability

s 2 u (x , y ) su (x , 0) u x (x , 0) u x u yy u + x = 0

(5.20)

By inverse Laplace and derivative

ux

1 1
u x u yy

s2

2
1
x

u
+
1= 0

s2
2

(5.21)

Making the correction function is given

un+1 = un

x
0

1
u u yy
s2

u
+
1 d

2
s
2

(5.22)

We apply the modified variational iteration transform method and with Mathematica package the solution in series form is
given by

u 0 = x + sin y
u1 = x + sin y
u 2 = x + sin y
u 3 = x + sin y
.

(5.23)

And in closed form by

u (x ,t ) = x + sin y

(5.24)

6. Conclusion
In this work, we carefully proposed a reliable modification of the Laplace variational iteration method called Modified
Variational Iteration Transform Method, we solve three nonlinear partial differential equations with initial condition .This
modified technique has been shown to be computationally efficient in these examples, that are important to researchers in the
field of applied science. We applied the modified Variational Iteration Transform (MVITM) for solving the Schrdinger
equation, a powerful tool to search for solutions of various nonlinear problems. We derived the same results by combining the
series obtained by MHPTM. We compared the result by Numerical solution.

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Correspond with the author.
E-mail address: Dr_math2010@yahoo.com (A.S. Arife).
Te:+20111599573