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Contents
Starting GTS
2D Geometry Modeling
Polyline
Intersect
10
2D Mesh Generation
11
11
11
13
14
Change Parameter
14
Analysis
15
Supports
15
15
Self Weight
17
17
Analysis Case
18
Solve
21
22
Displacement Contour
23
25
On general civil construction sites, serious accidents occur that can cost a significant
amount of money and time. Sometimes even many workers lives are lost due to the failure
at the inclination of the slope. Therefore, careful study of slope stability must be completed
before carrying such type of civil construction. This tutorial will analyze the example of
slope stability for a 2D ground, which includes a soft layer of ground (strata) in the middle.
In this case, the Strength Reduction Method will be used since it describes failure behavior
more accurately than the traditional Limit Equilibrium Method. After the slope stability
analysis is completed, we will check the safety factor and the maximum shear failure plane
from the resultant contours.
Starting GTS
Start the program.
1.
Run GTS.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Click on
9.
10. Make sure that m is selected in Length and hour is selected in Time in Unit System.
11. Click
Preview
In this tutorial, the slope stability analysis will be performed on a model that contains a
single soft layer of ground (strata). The model will be directly created in GTS by using its
built-in functions.
Two different materials are assigned to the general ground elements and the soft ground
elements. These elements are grouped together by its material, so that it is convenient for
later use. The name of each Mesh Set are as follows:
Thin Layer
Clay
Attribute Name
(ID)
Property Name
(ID)
Clay
Clay (1)
Thin Layer
Name
Mat Clay
Mohr Coulomb
Mohr Coulomb
1.0e5
1.0e4
Poissons Ratio ()
0.3
0.3
20
20
20
20
50
30
Friction Angle ()
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
Type
2
1.
2.
Click
3.
4.
Make sure that Attribute ID is 1 in the Add/Modify Plane Attribute dialog box.
5.
6.
7.
button in the
In a 2D model, the Attribute of Plane type represents Ground. The material of the Ground
can be specified by clicking the Add button after choosing proper element type.
8.
Make sure that Material ID is 1 in the Add/Modify Ground Material dialog box.
9.
button.
22. Make sure that Mat Clay has been generated in Material in the Add/Modify Plane
Attribute dialog box.
23. Click
button.
24. Make sure that Clay has been generated in the Attribute dialog box
25. Close the Add/Modify Plane Attribute dialog box.
26. Click
button in the
Tutorial 7 - Table 2.
33. Repeat the procedure given in Steps 8~25.
34. Click
2D Geometry Modeling
Polyline
Create the Geometry of a Polyline.
1.
Select Geometry > Curve > Create on WP > Polyline (Wire) in the Main Menu.
2.
Make sure that Single Location is selected in the Polyline dialog box.
3.
Make sure that it says Input Start Location in the Polyline dialog box.
4.
5.
6.
Make sure that it says Input Next Location (RB to Stop) in the Polyline dialog box.
7.
8.
9.
Intersect
In order to generate the mesh properly, all the Edges must be broken at locations where they
intersect with the other Edges. After breaking the Edges using the Intersect tool, we will
delete the unnecessary Edges, if any.
10
1.
Click
Zoom All in the Dynamic View Toolbar of the Work Window to view all
the generated Edges.
2.
3.
4.
Click
button.
5.
Click
2D Mesh Generation
Display Mesh Seed and Size Control
In order to obtain more accurate results around the Thin Layer, finer elements will be
generated in that region. We will specify proper mesh size on the Edges for Mapped Mesh
Generation, and set up the display to view the Mesh Seed.
1.
2.
Select Mesh > Size Control > Display Mesh Seedin the Main Menu.
3.
Make sure that Show Mesh Seed is selected in the Display Mesh Seed dialog box.
4.
Click
button.
A total of 8 Edges
should be selected. To
complete the Polygon
Selection, double-click
the mouse at the final
location.
5.
Select Mesh > Size Control > Along Edge in the Main Menu.
6.
Select
7.
In
8.
9.
10. Click
11. Click
12. Select
13. In
GTS Basic Tutorial 7 - 12.
19. In
11
The defined Size Control items are registered under Mesh > Size Control in the Works Tree.
This mesh seeding information will be stored and applied to every mesh generation until it
is deleted by the user.
A
25. Select Mesh > Size Control > Display Mesh Seed in the Main Menu.
26. Make sure that Hide Mesh Seed is selected in the Display Mesh Seed dialog box.
27. Click
12
button.
1.
Select Mesh > Auto Mesh > Planar Area in the Main Menu.
2.
In
3.
4.
5.
Make sure that Generate Offset Elements and Include Interior Edges are selected.
6.
Make sure that Element Size in Mesh Size is selected and enter 1.2.
7.
8.
9.
button, click
By using Auto Mesh Planar Area, user does not require to generate surfaces for each
meshed area. Elements will be automatically generated in the closed areas defined by the
selected boundary edges. Please refer to the Online Manual for detailed information on the
options in the Auto Mesh Planar Area dialog box.
GTS
Basic Tutorial 7 - 13
13
2.
3.
Select Mesh > Mesh Set > Clay #1 in the Works Tree.
4.
5.
6.
Select Mesh > Mesh Set > Clay #3 in the Works Tree.
7.
Clicking on the left button of the mouse, drag and drop the Clay #3 Mesh Set into
the Clay #2 Mesh Set.
8.
Click
9.
Select Mesh > Mesh Set > Clay #2 in the Works Tree.
Change Parameter
While generating Mesh Sets using the Auto Mesh Planar Area command, we defined the
Attribute of the thin ground layer as Clay. Using the Change Parameter command, we
will change the Attribute of the thin ground layer Mesh Set to Thin Layer.
1.
Select Model > Element > Change Parameter in the Main Menu.
2.
3.
In
14
4.
5.
6.
Click
button.
Analysis
Supports
Generate boundary conditions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Click
5.
6.
In order to apply a boundary condition in the model, it is necessary to create a Boundary Set
first. Either select Model > Boundary > Boundary Set or click
BC Set in the dialog box of each boundary condition function (Model > Boundary >
Supports). In addition, if the name of the Boundary Set is directly entered in the BC set box
in the boundary condition function dialog box (Model > Boundary > Supports), the
program will automatically create the Boundary Set.
7.
8.
In
button.
button, select Edge C as shown in GTS Basic
12. In
Tutorial 7 14.
button.
15
Boundary Conditions can be applied directly to the model geometry if the Type is selected
as Curve or Surface. The assigned geometric boundary conditions will be transferred to the
relevant nodes and elements for the analysis.
The user can Add, Replace or Delete the constraints by selecting the appropriate Mode. The
applied constraints cannot be deleted with respect to each degree of freedom, but all the
constraints of each node can be deleted. By selecting Fixed, Free, Pinned or No Rotation,
the relevant degrees of freedom will be selected automatically.
A
B
C
GTS Basic Tutorial 7 - 14
16
Self Weight
Generate Self Weight of the model.
1.
Select Model > Load > Self Weight in the Main Menu.
2.
3.
4.
Click
button.
The sequence of applying Loads is the same as the sequence for applying Boundary
Conditions. A Load Set must be first created before assigning the Loads. The method of
creating a Load Set is identical to the method for creating a Boundary Set.
17
Analysis Case
We will create an Analysis Case for performing analysis.
1.
2.
Click
3.
Enter Basic Tutorial 7 as Name in the Add/Modify Analysis Case dialog box.
4.
5.
6.
Click
In Analysis Control, we will define specific options for the Slope Stability Analysis.
7.
8.
9.
18
button.
14. Make sure that All is selected in Initial Element of Analysis Model.
15. Make sure that All is selected in Initial Boundary of Analysis Model.
16. Select Load > Self Weight in Set Tree of Add or Modify Initial Model.
17. Clicking on the left button of the mouse, drag and drop the Self Weight from the
Add or Modify Initial Model box to the Activated box.
18. Click
19. Click
19
20
Solve
We will now perform analysis.
1.
2.
Click
All the messages during the analysis will be shown in the Output Window. Especially, one
needs to be very cautious about warning messages, because these messages indicate that the
analysis results may not be correct. The model is automatically saved before the analysis.
The result is saved as a binary file (*.TA*) in the same folder as the model. The detail
analysis information is also saved in a text file (*.OUT).
21
Once the analysis is completed, we will start Post-Processing. In this tutorial we will study
various methods of checking analysis results.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10. Invoke the Context Menu in the Work Window by right-clicking the mouse when no
entity is selected.
11. Select Turn off All Triads.
12.
Invoke the Context Menu in the Work Window by right-clicking the mouse when no
entity is selected.
In order to have a clean view of results, it is better to hide all the load labels, boundary
labels and other symbols.
22
Displacement Contour
1.
2.
Confirm that CO : Basic Tutorial 7 > Slope Stability > Safety Factor in the Works
Tree is 1.6625.
3.
Double-click CO : Basic Tutorial 7 > Slope Stability > Displacement > DXYZ(V) in
the Works Tree.
23
4.
Select
5.
6.
Click
7.
8.
9.
Click
24
HO represents the
results of high order
elements.
Select CO : Basic Tutorial 7 > Slope Stability > Plane-Strain Strains > HO-Plstrn
2.
3.
Select No Edge in
Edge Type.
the following
25