Introduction of quantity survey (TEST 1)

Tutorial - Chapter 1-5 (REVISION)

1. Explain factors of development

Tourism and leisure development
Multi - storey car parking
Road and highways for the motor car
Improvement in housing standard and quality
Out of town shopping mall
School for an increased number of pupils
Airport to meet increased demand for air travel
Power stations for increased the demands from all kind of users
Universities to satisfy the increased demand for higher education by young
people
General rebuilding after damage from the first and second world wars

2. Explain construction stage in development process

Mobilisation

This is the award of the building contract to the successful firm and the formal
appointment of the contractor.

Additional production information is issued to the contractor and arrangements

are made to hand over the site to the contractor, for the duration of the contract as
defined by the contract period.

Construction to Practical Completion

This is the stage when the contractor commences the work on site.
It is typically referred to as the post-contract period, since it commences once the
contract for the construction of the project has been signed and work has started
on site.
Where the project is on a design and build arrangement or a system of fast track
procurement, then this stage may start before the design is finalised, and then run

concurrently.
Contractors remain critical of the traditional arrangements.

They are frequently required to price construction works, which although assumed to be
fully designed, are often in reality not so.

3. List and explain types of developers

The investor developer: the intention with this kind of development is to retain
ownership of the project by the developer. Short-term bridging finance may be
require for construction and then a long-term loan, offered from one of the
institutional sources.
The Merchant developer: in this scenario the project is developed with the use of
short-term funding and, when complete, disposed of to an owner or occupier. This
sort of development has taxation advantage and these are examined in detail later.

4. Specify professional advisers for development projects

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
-

Architects
Surveyors
Quantity Surveyors: cost, value and contract consultants.
Land Surveyors
Building Surveyors: prepare survey reports for maintenance and repair of
buildings.
General Practice Surveyors: agency, valuations, management and investment.
Engineers
Civil and Structural Engineers
Building Services Engineers
Builders and Contractors
Planners
Others
Tax advisers
Accountants

economists

5. Explain residential and commercial developments

Residential - A residential development (sometimes simply called a subdivision)
is typically a piece of property that is divided into lots with houses constructed on
each piece of subdivided land.
with one individual or company controlling all aspects of entitlement (permits), land
development (streets and grading), infrastructure (utilities and sewage disposal), and
housing.
Developers remained competitive with each other on everything, including location,
community amenities, kitchen appliance packages, and price.
s
Commercial
A commercial building is a type of building that is used for commercial use.
These can include office buildings, warehouses, or retail (i.e. convenience stores, 'big
box' stores, shopping malls, etc.). In urban locations, a commercial building often
combines functions, such as an office on levels 2-10, with retail on floor 1.
All municipalities / cities / regions maintain strict regulations on commercial type
zoning, and have the authority to designate any zoned area as such.
A business must be located inside of an area zoned at least partially for commerce to
operate a business in (and out of) a commercial building.

6. State the 13 architect duties in construction projects

1. Responsible for the design of the project.
2. Responsible for the coordination of the work of the consultants.
3. Responsible for the chairing the meetings and writing the minute of meetings.

4. Responsible to provide all the relevant drawings to the Engineers and the Q.S.
5. Responsible to obtain knowledge and provide advices to the client
6. Responsible to update details and latest amendments to the rest of the consultants.
7. Responsible that the contractor follow the contract as agreed.
8. Responsible to issue Architects instructions for any amendments.
9. Responsible to the project for contract administration.
10. Responsible to issue Certificate of Practical Completion.
11. Responsible to issue Certificate of Non-Completion
12. Responsible to issue Certificate of Completion of Defective works.
13. Responsible for obtaining Certificate of Fitness for the project.

7. Specify and explain the architecture drawings

An architectural drawing or architect's drawing is a technical drawing of a building
(or building project) that falls within the definition of architecture. Architectural
drawings are used by architects and others for a number of purposes: to develop a design
idea into a coherent proposal, to communicate ideas and concepts, to convince clients of
the merits of a design, to enable a building contractor to construct it, as a record of the
completed work, and to make a record of a building that already exists.
a. Location and Site layout plan showing the location of the site with clear indication of
the boundaries, road works, drainage plan, landscaping works, external fencing and
others. This will enable the contractor to easily find out where is the site located.
Floor Plan
A floor plan is a simple line drawing showing rooms as though seen from above. Walls,
doorways, and windows are often drawn to scale.
When shopping for house plans or building plans, you may study the floor plans to see
how rooms are arranged. However, a floor plan is not a blueprint or a construction plan.

To build a house, you need a complete set of construction plans that will include floor
plans, cross-section drawings, electrical plans, elevation drawings, and many other types
of diagrams.
i) Ground floor layout plan This will show the ground floor outline of the building.
ii) Upper floor layout plan This will shows the plans of each individual floors with
indication of the dimensions of each compartment.
c. Roof plan
Roof plans are orthographic projections, but they are not sections as their viewing plane
is outside of the object. A plan is a common method of depicting the internal arrangement
of a 3-dimensional object in two dimensions. It is often used in technical drawing and is
traditionally crosshatched.
This will show the layout of the roof, the layout of gutters and rain water goods, types
of roofing material and the pitch of the roof
d. Sections of the building
A building section shows a view along an imaginary line cut through the building,
indicating structural and construction elements.
This will indicate the height of the building,. floor to floor height and certain details
of the building.
e. Elevation
An elevation is a view of a building seen from one side, a flat representation of one
facade. This is the most common view used to describe the external appearance of a
building. Each elevation is labelled in relation to the compass direction it faces. Buildings
are rarely a simple rectangular shape in plan, so a typical elevation may show all the parts
of the building that are seen from a particular direction.
This will show the four sides of the building indicating the faade, windows and the
decorative features.
. Details This will show all the details of the building with certain enlargement of
specific area like toilets, staircases, doors and windows.