MI&SI Meeting1&2

"Parts of speech" are the basic types of words that

English has.
has There are eight parts of speech: nouns,
nouns
verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, conjunctions,
prepositions and interjections.
interjections We will add one more
type: articles.
It is important to be able to recognize and identify
the different types of words in English, so that you
can understand grammar explanations and use the
right word form in the right place. Here is a brief
explanation of what the parts of speech are:

A noun is a naming word. It names a person, place,

thing, idea, living creature, quality, or action.
Examples: cowboy, theatre, box, singer, tree, kindness,
arrival.
Nouns are divided into:
1. common nouns: are words for people, animals, places, or things.
2. proper nouns: are words for names or labels.

Nounscanbesingularorplural
Whenyouaretalkingaboutoneperson,animal,place,
orthing,useasingularnoun.
h
l
anairplane
i l
arefrigerator
aboy
b
aphotograph
a comb
acomb
amap

aletter
l tt
akey
abus
b
avan
a slide
aslide

abicycle
bi l
agirl
il
a ship
aship

PluralNouns
Whenyouaretalkingabouttwoormorepeople,animals,places,
or things, use plural nouns. Most nouns are made plural by
orthings,usepluralnouns.Mostnounsaremadepluralby
addingsattheend.
Singular
Singular

Plural

Singular
Singular

Plural

bird
camel
camel
doll
flower
game
nest
pen
p
spoon

birds
camels
dolls
flowers
games
nests
pens
p
spoons

broom
desk
desk
egg
fork
l b
lamb
photo
shirt

brooms
desks
eggs
forks
l b
lambs
photos
shirts

Some plural nouns end in es

Somepluralnounsendines.
Singular
g
Plural
beach
branch
branch
box
bush
church
h h

beaches
branches
branches
boxes
bushes
churches
h h

Singular
g

Plural

dish
dress
dress
sandwich
witch

dishes
dresses
sandwiches
witches

Whenthelastlettersofsingularnounsarech,sh,s,ss,x,
When
the last letters of singular nouns are ch, sh, s, ss, x,
youshouldaddes toformtheplural.

Somepluralnounsendinies
Baby
babies
Cherry
cherries
Fairy
fairies
Fly
flies
Lady
ladies
Story
stories
Somepluralnounsdontfollowthesrule.Theydontendins,es,
ies,
ies,ves.
ves.Insteadthewordchangesform.
Instead the word changes form.
Child
Man
Tooth

children
men
teeth

mouse
woman
goose

mice
women
geese

Somenounsarealwaysplural.
l
l l
pants
scissors
shorts
slippers
sandals
spectacles
jeans
pliers

pajamas
trousers
trousers
binoculars

sneakers
stockings
goggles

Youcanmakethesepluralnounssingularby usingapairof:
p
apairofbinoculars
apairofspectacles
apairofgoggles
a pair of jeans
apairofjeans
apairofshorts
apairofpliers
apairofshoes
i f h

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Theresalittlebirdinthegarden.
Who is your teacher?
Whoisyourteacher?
Donteatthatrottenapple.
Maudyy hasalovelydoll.
y
Ilikereadingstories.
Myfatherisadoctor.
y
Everychildhasadictionary.
Suzanlikesoranges.
Thephoneisringing.
Heresabookforyou.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Theresalittlebird inthegarden.
Who is your teacher?
Whoisyourteacher?
Donteatthatrottenapple.
Maudyy hasalovelydoll.
y
Ilikereadingstories.
Myfatherisadoctor.
y
Everychildhasadictionary.
Suzanlikesoranges.
Thephone isringing.
Heresabook foryou.

A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a common noun

or a proper noun. There are different kinds of pronouns. The
words I, you, he, she, it, we and they are called personal
pronouns. They take the place of nouns and are used as the
subject of the verb in a sentence.
The subject
Th
bj t off a sentence
t
i the
is
th person, animal,
i l place
l
or
thing that does the action shown by the verb.

MynameisDurmo.Iamtheyoungestinthefamily.
y
Thisismyfather.Heisateacher.
Thisismymother.Sheisalawyer.
I have a brother and two sisters.
Ihaveabrotherandtwosisters.
TheyarePetruk,Gareng andBagong.
I have a dog It is called Lucky
Ihaveadog.ItiscalledLucky.
Lucky,youareagooddog.
G d
Goodmorning,children!Youmaysitdownnow.
i
hild ! Y
it d
MyfamilyandIliveinabigcity.Wehaveanapartment.

An adjective is a describing word.

word It tells you more about a noun.
noun
An adjective usually appears before the noun it describes.
Sometimes, though, the adjective appears after the noun, later in
the sentence.
EExamples:big,yellow,thin,amazing,beautiful,quick,important.
l bi
ll
thi
i b
tif l i k i
t t
alowfence asmartdog
anoldbuilding
adarkcorner adeepsea
alargebed
a busy street
abusystreet
Itiswindy.
The road is narrow
Theroadisnarrow.
Brunosdrawingisbeautiful.
Allthebooksareverythick.
Thebabyshandsareverysmall.
y
y
Thatproblemistoodifficult.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Thereisanemptyroomupstairs.
It is a hot summer.
Itisahotsummer.
Youaresokind.
Dontbecrazy.
y
Thisparkiscleanandgreen.
Manypeopleexercisetokeephealthy.
yp p
p
y
Ithinktheseeggsarerotten.
Weareallbored.Thereisntanythingtodo.
Thepupilsdontfindthejokeamusing.
Jameswasabsentbecausehewasill.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Thereisanempty roomupstairs.
It is a hot summer.
Itisahot
Youaresokind.
Dontbecrazy.
y
Thisparkisclean andgreen.
Manypeopleexercisetokeephealthy.
yp p
p
y
Ithinktheseeggsarerotten.
Weareallbored.Thereisntanythingtodo.
Thepupilsdontfindthejokeamusing.
Jameswasabsent becausehewasill.

Adverb
An adverb is a word which usually describes a
Anadverbisawordwhichusuallydescribesa
verb.Ittellsyouhowsomethingisdone.It
mayalsotellyouwhenorwheresomething
happened.
Examples:slowly,intelligently,well,yesterday,
tomorrow, here, everywhere.
tomorrow,here,everywhere.

Conjunction
A conjunction joins two words phrases or
Aconjunctionjoinstwowords,phrasesor
sentencestogether.Examples:but,so,and,
because,or.

Preposition
A preposition usually comes before a noun
Aprepositionusuallycomesbeforeanoun,
pronounornounphrase.Itjoinsthenounto
someotherpartofthesentence.Examples:
on,in,by,with,under,through,at.

Interjection
An interjection is an unusual kind of word
Aninterjectionisanunusualkindofword,
becauseitoftenstandsalone.Interjections
arewordswhichexpressemotionorsurprise,
andtheyareusuallyfollowedbyexclamation
marks.Examples:Ouch!Hello!Hurray!Ohno!
Ha!

Article
An article is used to introduce a noun
Anarticleisusedtointroduceanoun.
Examples:the,a,an.

Itisusedwithsingularnoun(kata benda tunggal)whichis

countable
Incertainnumericalexpression(e.g acouple,adozen,halfa
dozen,aneight,ascore,ahundred,alotof,agreatmany,a
greatdealof)
d l f)
Itisusedtotalkaboutsinglepersonorthing
An is used before words beginning with vowel (a i u e o) or
Anisusedbeforewordsbeginningwithvowel(a,i,u,e,o)or
wordsbeginningwithamuteh
A isusedbeforewordsbeginningwithconsonantsoravowel
soundedlikeaconsonant
Itisnotusedbeforeuncountablenouns
It i
Itisnotused
t
d beforeabstractnouns
b f
bt t

Abook
Acat

anapple
aninn

[?]uniform
[?] h
[?]honorableman
bl
[?]university
[?]hour

anowl
p
acomputer

anegg
gg

It is used to describe about certain (pasti) people or thing /

has been mentioned for the second time.

It is the same for singular and plural

It is used before nouns of which there is only one, or which

are considered as one (e. g. the earth, the sea, the sky, the
weather the North Pole
weather,

It is used before a noun which by reason of locality can

represent (menunjukkan) only one particular thing (e.g. Ann
is in the garden the garden of this house; Please pass the
bottle the bottle on the table)

A verb is a word which describes an action (doing

something) or a state (being something).
something)
Examples: walk talk think believe live like want
Examples:walk,talk,think,believe,live,like,want.

Pleasediscusswithyourfriendnexttoyou(in
pairs) and try to think/find out 20 nouns 20
pairs)andtrytothink/findout20nouns,20
adjectives,20verbs,and10wordsadverbs.
Please find out also the meanings
Pleasefindoutalsothemeanings.
Writedownallthosewordsandmeaningina
piece of paper (in a neat/proper hand
pieceofpaper(inaneat/properhand
writing).
Do not forget to write down your name/NIM
Donotforgettowritedownyourname/NIM
andprogram(MI/SI).
No late submission
Nolatesubmission.

SI&MI October3rd,2014

SUBJECT

(a) Birds fly

noun

verb
ASUBJECT isanoun.

(b) Fish swim

noun verb

63SUBJECTS,VERBS,ANDOBJECTS

VERB

(a) Birds fly

fly
noun

verb
Asentencehas

SUBJECT and
d VERB.

(b) Fish swim

noun verb

63SUBJECTS,VERBS,ANDOBJECTS

OBJECT

(c) Birds have beaks

noun

verbnoun

TheOBJECT ofaverb
is a noun
isanoun

Fish have gills

(d) Fish
noun verbnoun

1.Noun1
1
Noun 1 Verb
Verb Noun1
Noun 1
Myfatherisateacher
Theyarestudents
My mother is a doctor
Mymotherisadoctor
2.Noun1 Verb Noun2(transitive)
MyfatherteachesEnglish
Myfriendstakesmyphone
yf
yp
Theteacherintroducesanewtopic
3.Noun Verb(Adv/P group)(intransitive)
Birdsfly
Myfathersits(inthischair)
4.Noun Verb Adjective
Theweatheriscold
Ni i dili t
Ninaisdiligent
Myfatherishappy(abouttheresultoftheexams)
5.There Verb Noun
There are many teachers (in this school)
Therearemanyteachers(inthisschool)
Therearemanybooksinthelibrary
Thereisnoclass(onSunday)

1.
1
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.

PakYahya
Pak
Yahya isaworkeratameatfactory.
is a worker at a meat factory
Someworkersaremeatcontrollers.
Thefactoryorganizesacommittee.
Theyearnalotofmoneyeverymonth.
Hisworkistofindnews.
The children seem happy.
Thechildrenseemhappy.
Waterboilsat100centigrade.
Theengineertakesalotofmeasurements.
Children always swim in that river
Childrenalwaysswiminthatriver.
Thecolorofhiscarisblack.
Wewillallgrowold.
Th
Thewaterisalreadykneedeep.
i l d k
d
Adogcanrunveryfast.
Everydayhegoestothenewspaperoffice.
y y g
p p
Theycanmaketheexerciseeasily.

Thesimplepresentsaysthatsomethingwastrueinthepast,is
h i l
h
hi
i h
i
trueinthepresent,andwillbetrueinthefuture.Itisusedfor
generalstatementsoffact.
Pattern:
S
S

+
+

verb(s)
to be
tobe

+
+

*they,we,I,youuseasimpleform
*He,
He,she,it,propername,thebookusethe
she, it, proper name, the book use the ss form
*have:they,we,I,you
*has:he,she,it
Example:
Waterconsists ofhydrogenandoxygen.
Mostanimals killonlyforfood.
Theworld
h
ld isround.
d

Object
Object

Object
bj

S
+
verb(s)
b( )
+
Istudy fortwohourseverynight.
Myclassesbegin
y
g atnine.
Healwayseats asandwichforlunch.
Khamis enjoyssinging.
We eat three meals a day
Weeatthreemealsaday

Object

S
+
tobe
I am a student
Iamastudent
Myfatherisafarmer.
Theyaremyfriends.
You are my friends
Youaremyfriends.
Wearefriend.
Heisadoctor.
Sh i
Sheisanurse.
Itisadog

Digunakan untuk membicarakan tindakan yangsedang dilakukan

saat ini atau halhal sedang yangterjadi.
Pattern(pola):
S

tobe +

verb(ing)

Theformofaverbendingwithing/theformofpresentparticiple
show
+
ing = showing
read
+
ing =
= reading
get
+
ing = getting
stop
+
ing = stopping

Theyaresmokingintheclassroom.
We are listening to the teacher
Wearelisteningtotheteacher.
Iamplayingchesswithmyfriend.
Youaremakingaproblem.
Heiscookinganinstantnoodle.
Sheisstudyinginthelibrary.
It is raining hard outside.
Itisraininghardoutside.

1.
2
2.
3.
4
4.
5.
6
6.
7.
8
8.
9.
10
10.

Read
Play
Shop
Jump
Catch
Write
See
Wait
Run
Drop

1.Myalarmclock(ring)
1
My alarm clock (ring)
at seven every
atsevenevery
morning.
alotofsheepinthefield.
2.There(be)
3 One of my friends (keep)
3.Oneofmyfriends(keep)
a goldfish bowl
agoldfishbowl
onherkitchentable.
4.Sensitivitytootherpeoplesfeelings(make)
hima
ki d d d t di
kindandunderstandingperson.
5.Mydriverslicense(be)
inmywallet.
Johnsuncleliveinthesuburbs?
6.(Do)
7 A
7.Anorangeandblackbird(be)
d bl k bi d (b )
sittingin
i i i
thattree.
8.Anorangeandablackbird(be)
sittinginthat
tree.
9.Acarwithpoorbrakesandnobrakelights(be)
dangerous.
10.Nonews(be)
goodnews.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Whatsyourfullname?
h
f ll
?
Wheredoyoucomefrom?
Wheredoyoulivehere?
y
Doyouhavearoomate?
Whatisyourmajor?
Do you have classes every day?
Doyouhaveclasseseveryday?
Whatspecialthingdoyouhopetodohere?

Example:
IwanttointroduceyoutomypartnerFransiska.Herfull
nameisFransiska Iriana Kusuma.Shecomesfrom
Semarang She lives in a house with her aunt and uncle
Semarang.Shelivesinahousewithherauntanduncle.
Shedoesnthavearoomate.Hermajoriseconomics.She
doesnthaveclasseseveryday justfourdaysaweek.One
specialthingshehopestodohereisvisitthenational
i l hi
h h
d h
i ii h
i
l
parks.Shelovescampingandoutdooractivities.

1.Pleasementionatleastandtheirmeanings
30wordsofnouns,
20wordsofadjectives,
10wordsofadverbs.
2.Make5sentencesusingsimplepresenttense.
Itshouldbehandwritten(ditulis
(
tangan),andneat(rapi).
g ),
( p)
Dontforgettowritedownyourname,studentnumber,and
yourmajor(Manajemen Informatika orSistem Informasi).

Latesubmissionwillresultwithreducedscore.