Title : Oxy Acetylene and Arc Welding.

Introduction :
WHAT IS WELDING ?
Welding is the most economical and efficient way to join metals permanently. It is the only way of joining
two or more pieces of metal to make them act as a single piece. Welding is vital to our economy. It is
often said that over 50% of the gross national product of the U.S.A. is related to welding in one way or
another. Welding ranks high among industrial processes and involves more sciences and variables than
those involved in any other industrial process.

UNDERSTAND OXY ACETYLENE AND ARC WELDING.

Oxy acetylene welding one of the most popular welding methods uses a gas flame as source of heat. In
the ox fuel gas welding process, heat is produced by burning a combustible gas, such as MAPP, or
acetylene, mixed with oxygen. Have 2 types of gases used in oxy acetylene welding. It is oxygen and
acetylene gas. Oxygen is not the fuel. It is what chemically combines with the fuel to produce the heat for
welding. Acetylene also a colorless gas with a very nauseating although that is highly combustible when
mixed with oxygen. Although it is very stable at low pressure. The flame resulting at the tip of the torch is
sufficiently hot to melt and join the parent metal. The oxy0acetylene flame reaches a temperature of about
3300C and thus can melt most of the ferrous and non-ferrous metals in common use.
Arc welding is most commonly used to join two pieces of metal. The welder creates an electric arc that
melts the base metals and filler metal (consumable) together so that they all fuse into one solid piece of
metal. The electricity flows from the power source, through the electrode and across the arc, through the
base material to the work lead and back to the power source.
In welding workshop, there are five types of joint. It consists of butt joint, lap, tee, corner, and edge joint.
We have been given 3 task to be completed within 4 weeks. Task 1 and 2 is about to completed a boot
joint and corner joint using an oxy acetylene welding. The last task is to compeleted a boot joint using an
arc welding.

Objective :
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.

Learn basic welding production process towards a larger project.

know the correct method when welding
Aware of safety precautions when welding.
Know the limits and measure of electric current which is used when welding
Find out as much heat to weld a project.
Knowing how to weld an extension normal and things.
Learn how to weld and work continued work to overwrite an open corner connection.

Tools Equipment :
Basic welding tools,

Glove

Apron

Safety Boots

Safety Jacket

Oxy Acetylene welding tools ,

Oxygen and Acetylene Gas

Gas Lighter

Welding Torch

Filler Rods

Tongs

Base Metal

Arc welding tools ,

Goggles

Hammer

Electrode

Power Supply

Wire Brush

Base Metal

Electrode Holder

Welding Table

Workpiece Connection

Tongs

Safety Precautions :

 Always wear an eye protection during welding process.

Always wear a gloves during welding process.
Keep welding cable connections and earth cables safety in perfect condition to be used so that there is
got an electric shock.
Always carry out welding work in comfortable conditions.
Goggles : They are used to protect the eyes of the operator from harmful heat and radiation of infrared
and ultraviolet rays produced during the welding.
Apron, gloves, safety goggles: The molten metal has a tendency to pop and splatter as heat is applied and
oxygen reacts with the superheated metal. It is critical the operator using the oxy-acetylene welding or
cutting process wear proper gloves and used approved safety goggles or face shield. The goggles and/or
face special lenses to protect the eyes form light damage. A variety of lenses are used the thickness of the
material. If protective eyes shielding is not used, painful burn can occur on the surface of the eyes, and
could result in permanent damage.

Procedures :
Oxy Acetylene welding (butt joint) ,
Clean the surface of the plate to be welded with a
wire brush.

Press the two pieces of plate

Adjust the gas meter for oxygen is 25-35psi

while acetylene was 2.5-3.5psi.

Make welding nail on both of the ends of the

plate.

Start weld right at the narrowed portion.

Movement should not be too fast and not too
slow. Movement was followed by a drain should
be produced.

Upon completion, clean the metal with a wire

brush

Oxy Acetylene welding (corner joint) ,

Clean the surface of the plate to be welded with a

wire brush

Press the two pieces of plate

Adjust the gas meter for oxygen is 25-35psi

while acetylene was 2.5-3.5psi.

Make welding nail on both ends of the plate.

Weld right at the narrowed portion. movement

should not be too fast and not too slow.
movement was followed by a drain should be
produced.

Upon completion, clean with a wire brush.

Arc welding (butt joint) ,

Clean the surface of the plate to be welded with a

wire brush.

Press the two pieces of plate

Select the appropriate electrode

Adjust according to the size of the electric current

between the electrodes 70-90 *

Make welding nail on both ends of the plate.

Welding on a flat surface and the angle between

the electrode and workpiece is 15-30 .

Switched off after completion of weld on, weld

machine. Clean the slag from the moldings with a
hammer and brush.

Discussion :
Question & Answer.
What the angle of the torch when welding in the flat position is?
-The angle of the torch in welding on the flat position is about 30-40 to the base metal.
What must be do when adjusting the flame for cutting:

Open the oxygen valve on the torch body completely. Have the valve on the cutting head closed.
Purge the cutting oxygen passage by briefly pressing the cutting lever.
Start the flame with acetylene only.
Increases acetylene until there is no soot.
Slowly open the oxygen valve on the cutting head and adjust for a natural or oxidizing flame,
depending on the thickness of the metal being cut. There will be inner cones in all of the preheat
flame.

Conclusion :
At the end of this project, we learn how to weld a two steel plates with properly procedures and safety by
using oxy acetylene and arc welding. For example, the used of long gloves and aprons protect us from
being injured by spark of the welding process. Moreover, we must use a goggles to ptotect our eyes from
the light produces while we welding. With safety features that have been applied during welding process,
no serious accident will be happen. Last but not least, we have managed to complete this task given
within 4 weeks although the period given is too short for newbie student like us.

References :
a. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arc_welding
b. www.wikihow.com ... Crafts Metalwork and Wire Projects Welding
c. www.advantagefabricatedmetals.com/oxyacetylene-welding.html
d. www.metalwebnews.com/howto/weld/weld.html
e. www.metalwebnews.com/howto/weld/weld.html