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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
Summary
In the Department of Civil Engineering at the Catholic University of the North, we have
incorporated various software for the design of structures. Among them we can
mention the ETABS, SAP and SAFE.
The classes give students the theoretical and practical, for the management of new
design tools and their application to new technologies and current market trends
knowledge.
To achieve this goal, we set out to develop learning environments based on
multimedia technologies, aportasen a number of positive elements, from a
pedagogical point of view, the assimilation of knowledge necessary for the student to
work proficiently within and commented design tools.
As part of this work, we have prepared these notes and added material developed,
which is delivered on a CD, to facilitate student learning in the area of structure.
Here is exposed in a clear and concise manner, how to use the ETABS and SAP
software.
It is important to note that to use software properly prerequisite is mastering the theory
in which the program is based. Without it, it is neither possible nor advisable to use
any program.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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time for analysis and design, efficiency and hence the competitiveness of an
engineering company is benefiting.
All this is possible through the use of professional programs for structural analysis.
What can not be replaced by a computer is the effort behind years of study and good
engineering judgment. Therefore, our basic philosophy in teaching art and science of
structural engineering has not changed. All students must learn and understand clearly
the assumptions and simplifications are made to create a model, or method of
calculation. Must be able to play hand what the computer can do to a simple structure,
including the famous diagrams of internal forces and moments. Must be able to
determine if the test results, either by hand or machine, make sense or not.
Methodology should know and be able to calculate the loads (dead, live, wind,
earthquake, etc.) for analysis of the structure. You should know the differences
between the various structural systems and how they work. Only once you have
mastered these aspects (and maybe one other not cited), the student or professional
is trained to use successfully and productively as powerful a tool as a structural
analysis program. Therefore, if the programs are used by people who have solid
knowledge of the conceptual foundations of the methods used and their assumptions
and apply their experience and good structural criteria, these are a good tool support
engineer.
In the Department of Civil Engineering at the Catholic University of the North, we have
incorporated various software for the design of structures. Among them we can
mention the ETABS, SAP and SAFE.
The classes give students the theoretical and practical, for the management of new
design tools and their application to new technologies and current market trends
knowledge.
To achieve this goal, we set out to develop learning environments based on
multimedia technologies, aportasen a number of positive elements, from a
pedagogical point of view, the assimilation of knowledge necessary for the student to
work proficiently within and commented design tools.
As part of this work, we have prepared these notes and added material developed,
which is delivered on a CD, to facilitate student learning in the area of structure.
Here is exposed in a clear and concise manner, how to use the ETABS and SAP
software.
It is important to note that to use software properly prerequisite is mastering the theory
in which the program is based. Without it, it is neither possible nor advisable to use
any program.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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a) General Aspects
ETABS is a program of structural analysis and design based on the finite element
method, with special features for analysis and structural design of buildings. The
numerical methods used in the program design procedures and international design
codes allow you to be versatile and productive, whether it is designing a twodimensional gantry or performing a dynamic analysis of a high-rise building at the base
insulator.
b) Fundamental Concept
ETABS works within an integrated data system. The basic concept is that you create a
model system consisting of flat and vertical systems and side porch (or wall system) to
analyze and design the entire building. All that is needed is to integrate the model into
a versatile system analysis and design with an interface. No external maintenance
modules and not worry about data transfer between modules. The effects on a part of
the structure due to changes elsewhere are instantaneous and automatic.
c) Variety of Options Analysis
The analysis methods include a variety of options for static and dynamic analysis. The
integrated model can include systems, steel beams, resisting frames, complex
systems of shear walls, slabs of rigid and flexible floor, sloping roofs, ramps and
parking structures, trusses systems, multiple buildings and systems staggered
diaphragm.
d) Numerical Methods
The numerical methods used to analyze the building floor systems allow modeling of
steel deck and concrete slab that can automatically transmit their loads to the main
girders. The finite element meshing automatically made of a complex system of floor
displacement interpolated transitions meshes different characteristics associated with
Ritz vector analysis for dynamic analysis, allows for the inclusion of the effect of
flexibility of the diaphragm in the analysis in a practical way.
The options allow dynamic vertical analysis include the effects of the components of
the vertical ground motion in its seismic analysis. This will also allow a detailed
evaluation of vertical vibration problems, in addition to the traditional empirical
methods are also included within the software floors.
The special problems associated with the construction of typical structures have been
associated with allowing customized easily include their effects on numerical analysis
techniques. The special problems including, among others, are: Calculating the center
of rigidity, local and global P-Delta effects, including panels isolated on deformable
zone, effect of rigid joints at the ends and
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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displacement ends of elements relative to the cardinal points of a section.
e) Advanced Capabilities
More advanced options include sophisticated numerical methods for modeling
nonlinear damping, pushover analysis, based insulation, construction sequential load,
impact and structural survey.
f) Using the Manual Developed
The manual that comes introduces the use of the program ETABS Version 8.4.5.
ETABS is an extremely versatile and powerful program with many features and
benefits. This manual is not intended as a document that covers a whole these
features and benefits. He was drafted thinking you want to do structural analysis of a
multistory building, which has rigid diaphragm at floor level and a seismic analysis be
undertaken by the dynamic method of spectral modal superposition, according to the
provisions of the Nch433of96 standard.
To capture the full value of ETABS, this manual should be used in conjunction with
other program documents, such as the reference manual-use graphical interface and
design manuals steel, concrete shear walls and floors section composed.
It is important to note finally that the program includes lots of online help is available
whenever the graphical interface is open. The documentation is available in two forms:
a standard helps the Windows style and a document library.
You access the Windows style help by clicking the Help menu and selecting Search
for Help on ...., Or by pressing the F1 function key on the keyboard. If the F1 key is
pressed while a form is open, help related to that item will be displayed. Windows style
aid provides guidance regarding data entry into various forms used in the program.
Often also clarify the meaning of the data entered into the forms.
The document library is a set of .pdf files that can be viewed or printed using Adobe
Acrobat Reader. You access the document library using the Help> Documentation and
Tutorials command, which present the ETABS Documentation form. This form displays
several of the categories of documentation available.
Doing Double click (left mouse button) on the name of a category will present a list of
individual documents available in .pdf format. Note that some categories also have
subcategories.
Double clicking on the right mouse button on the name of an individual document
presented summary information about content, size and date.
Double-click (left mouse button) on behalf of an individual document, or highlighting it
and clicking the button Display Selected Document will run the Adobe Acrobat Reader
and display the selected document. Note that many files contain hyperlinks for easy
navigation between documents.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
MANUAL OF USE
ETABS PROGRAM.
1. General Considerations
Are presented the Main
commands
the ETABS program, version 8.4.5.
The building is supposed to analyze features rigid
diaphragm at floor level.
The provisions of the Nch standard apply. 433 Of.
96.
A seismic analysis will be performed by the
method of overlapping spectral mode.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
Main.
Point and assign
joint.
Display
Define.
Design.
Draw.
Select.
Coordinate
System.
Option
Allocation
By levels.
Work Units.
Snap.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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A
Form Level Editor.
B
Form Insert new levels.
C
Form Remove levels.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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The armor
reinforcement
specified shall be
verified by the
program.
The reinforcement
shall
be
determined by the
program.
It
is
necessary
to
define bars.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Generate walls from the plan view or elevation, with a single click on the line of the
grid.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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To determine if a beam is normal, inverted or semi-inverted (by default, the beam is centered on the
level of the floor), it must be selected once you have been assigned and then proceed as follows:
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Option helpful.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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If the structure has only one floor diaphragm on each level, it is convenient to
identify them all with the same name (eg. Diafrag.). This is easy to determine the
cumulative mass floor to floor to see the results of the analysis.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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PP = Dead
Weight. SC =
overload.
TERM = Terminations.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Recommended option.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Step 18:
Selecting Freight
charges or states.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Ty *
Tx *
Form deployment periods and equivalent masses associated with each mode of
vibration.
A 4 ETAPDefinition of Quake to
analyze and United Cargo.
Step 19:Define the acceleration spectrum
Define Responce Spectrum Functions /
A
B
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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B) Income Manual.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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ii) Applying twisting moments at each level static, calculated as the product of the combined
effort variation cut at that level by an accidental eccentricity, given by:
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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As an example, you can display the floor cuts generated by the spectra for each of the
directions of analysis, as shown in the following figure:
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Options
mo
st used.
As an example, you can display the floor cuts generated by the spectra for each of the
directions of analysis, through an Access database in a pivot table, as shown in the following
figure:
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Viewing the seismic weight.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Design of
Reinforced
Concrete Walls.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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D
Deessiiggnn tthhee Wall M 20 aaxxiiss Onebbeettw
weeeenn A-B
p
r
o
v
i
Through the Threemethods what providdeess Etabs
Amounts
design
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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2)
3)
4)
W
W
Wiititthhhttthhheee eeennnddd of check the aaalllo
loocccaaatttiioioonnn
the
Pier,
this is convenient
aaaccctttiivivvaaattteee the oooppptttiio
ioonnn of view (Pier
label) anddeactivate ttthhheee other
O
O
Oppptttiio
ioonnnsss of view in the same
column
View in
elevationttthhheee
aaaxxxiisiss One
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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5)
Go to the Design menu> Shear Wall Design> Select Design Combo and then add the defined
load combinations for design, removing the combinations generated by default.
6)
Go to the Design menu> Shear W all Design> View / Check pier Overwrites to
activate the seismic design with the provisions of Chapter 21 of the ACI318-99
6)
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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6.1)
Tension - compression:
Select the entire wall or the desired section, then go to the Design menu> Shear Wall Design>
Assign Pier sections for Checking> Simplified C and T section
S
D
C
S
Run S
Stttaaarrrttt D
Deeesssiiigggnnn///C
Chhheeeccckkk ooofff S
Stttrrruuuccctttuuurrreeetttooo
dddeeesssiig
iggnnnttthhheee wa ll
w
After w
whhhaaattt are bbbeeeeeeccchhheeexxxeeecccuuuttteeeddd ttthhheeeaaannnaaallylyysssiisiss
ttthhheee model.
V
V
w
Viie
ieew
wttthhheee wa l l with thetttyyypppeeeooofff dddeeesssiig
iggnnn
aaassssssiig
n
e
d
iggnneedd (C / T)
V
V
w
m
Viie
ieew
wttthhheee wa ll designed with the aaarrrm
mooorrr
proposal,
then
eeexxxeeecccuuuttteeeddd thedddeeesssiig
iggnnnttthhheee wall
of
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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W
W
w
Wiininndddooow
w ooofff dddeeesssiig
iggnnn tttooo Te ns i o n -Compression, where are samp le the
w
combination of load w
whhhaaattt controls tttooo the Februarytttyyypppeee ooofff dddeeesssiig
iggnnn::: ffflle
leexxxuuurrraaalll and
w
h
a
t
d
o
n
o
t
o
f
court. (Is appreciated w
whhaatt ddoo nnoott places restriction ooff armor minima iin
inn the
t
h
e
design of tthhee pillars).
S
D
C
S
Run S
Stttaaarrrttt D
Deeesssiiigggnnn///C
Chhheeeccckkk ooofff S
Stttrrruuuccctttuuurrreee
tttooodddeeesssiig
n
t
h
e
g
n
t
h
e
ign the wal l
w
After w
whhhaaattt are bbbeeeeeeccchhheeexxxeeecccuuuttteeeddd ttthhheeeaaannnaaallylyysssiisiss
ttthhheee model.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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For the uniform reinforcement, only to define the type of distributed armor longitudinal sides and
bars in the corners
8 @ 25 (unif)
12 (corners)
m
w
Window of designtttooo reinforcement uuunnniififfooorrrm
mw
whhheeerrreee are s am pl e the combination
w
of load w
whhhaaattt controlstttooo the Februarytttyyypppeeeooofffdddeeesssiig
iggnnn:::ffflle
leexxxuuurrraaalll and court.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Of the previous figure, Section Designer enabled to change the default placed armor and
permit comparison between the design v / s or placed by the ability of the armor section.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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m
D
S
W
Select the wa l l full orthe section dddeeesssiirirreeeddd,,, then go tttooo ttthhheee m
meeennnuuu D
Deeesssiiigggnnn>>> S
Shhheeeaaarrr W
Waaallllll
D
D
A
P
S
R
m
P
S
Deeesssiiigggnnn>>> A
AssssssiiigggnnnP
PiiieeerrrS
Seeeccctttiiiooonnnsss for Checking >General R
Reeeiiinnnfffooorrrccceeem
meeennnttt P
PiiieeerrrS
Seeeccctttiiiooonnn
S
D
C
S
Run S
Stttaaarrrttt D
Deeesssiiigggnnn///C
Chhheeeccckkk ooofff S
Stttrrruuuccctttuuurrreee
tttooodddeeesssiig
iggnnnttthhheee wal l
w
After w
whhhaaattt are bbbeeeeeeccchhheeexxxeeecccuuuttteeeddd ttthhheeeaaannnaaallylyysssiisiss
ttthhheee model.
(D): Design
V
V
w
Viie
ieew
wooofff the aaalllo
loocccaaatttiio
ioonnnttthhheee wa l l with reinforcement gggeeennneeerrraaalll
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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W
W
w
w
Wiininndddooow
w of dddeeesssiig
iggnnn tttooo reinforcement General, w
whhheeerrreee are s amp le the
w
combination of load w
whhhaaattt controls tttooo the Februarytttyyypppeee ooofff dddeeesssiig
iggnnn::: ffflle
leexxxuuurrraaalll and
cccooouuurrrttt...
W
W
w
C
U
D
C
Wiininndddooow
w ooofff C
Chhheeeccckkk U
Uppp to reinforcement General, where ttthhheee radio D
D /// C
C
t
o
t
h
e
p
e
r
c
e
n
t
a
g
e
o
f
D
e
m
a
n
d
t
h
i
s
o
n
e
corresponds ttoo tthhee ppeerrcceennttaaggee ooff D
Deem
maanndd v / s Capacity, where tthhiiss oonnee factor
ttthhhiisissiisissaaannn indicator ooofff the terms ofeeefffffo
foorrrttt the wall with respect tohis capacity.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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MANUAL OF USE
SAP2000 PROGRAM.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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1. General Considerations
Are presented the Main
commands
the SAP2000 software, version 8.3.3.
The building is supposed to analyze features rigid
diaphragm at floor level.
The provisions of the Nch standard apply.
433 Of. 96.
A seismic analysis will be performed by the
method of overlapping spectral mode.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
47
Design.
Main.
Display
Draw.
Select.
Coordinate
System.
Snap.
Work Units.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
48
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
49
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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The armor
reinforcement
specified shall be
verified by the
program.
The reinforcement
shall
be
determined by the
program.
It
is
necessary
to
define bars.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
51
To determine if a beam is normal, inverted or semi-inverted (by default, the beam is centered on the
level of the floor), it must be selected once you have been assigned and then proceed as follows:
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
53
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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PP = Dead
Weight. SC =
overload.
TERM = Terminations.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Recommended option.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Step 21:
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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B) Income Manual.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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As an example, you can display the floor cuts generated by the spectra for each
of the directions of analysis, as shown in the following figure:
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Options
mo
st used.
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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As an example, you can display the floor cuts generated by the spectra for each
of the directions of analysis, through an Access database in a pivot table, as
shown in the following figure:
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North
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REFERENCES
Juan Music Tomicic - Department of Civil Engineering - Catholic University of the North