Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Group 11
Members:
Andy Tan Eng Tat
Leonard Tan Jian Zheng
Lim Su Wei
Leow Kok Chung
Ong Ching Yeh
Task 1 Outlines
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Organic Compound
Formula C4H8O2
Colorless
Volatile
Flammable
Fruit Smell
Slightly Soluble In Water/ Soluble In Organic
Solvents
Problem Statement
Two Aspects
1. Business
To Find The Most Promising Pathway
Maximize Profits
Minimize Production Cost
Sustainability of Market
2. Social and Moral
Environmental Concerns
Locations Considered
1. Yanbu Industrial City, Yanbu Al-Bahr, Saudi
Arabia (THE SELECETED LOCATION)
2. Mount Kuring-Gai, New South Wales,
Australia
3. YanTianGang Free Trade Zone, Yantian
District, Shenzhen City, China
Esterification
CH CH OH
+ CH COOH
CH COOCH CH
+ H O( )
Reversible reaction
Remove water by-product to drive reaction to the right
Advantages
Disadvantages
Tishchenko Reaction
Disadvantages
+ CH COOH
CH COOCH CH
Advantages
Disadvantages
Energy efficient,
environmentally friendly
Oxidation of Ethanol
C H OH + O
CH CHO + H O
CH CHO + O
C H OH + CH COOH
CH COOH
CH COOC H + H O
Advantages
Disadvantages
Dehydrogenation of Ethanol
Carried out in four process stages
2CH CH OH g CH COOCH CH g + 2H g
Advantages
Disadvantages
Complicated Unit
Operations
Acetaldehyde has high
toxicity
Task 2 Outlines
1. Process Description
2. Preliminary Process Synthesis
3. Heuristics
Process Description
EtOH + HAc EtAc + H2O
Azeotropic mixture
Total of 4 azeotropes
Mixtures
Compositions
(mole fraction)
Temperature (oC)
EtOH/H2O
(0.9037, 0.0963)
78.18
EtAc/EtOH
(0.6885, 0.3115)
71.81
EtAc/H2O
(0.6885, 0.3115)
70.37
EtAc/EtOH/H2O
70.09
Process Description
Pathway 1
Pathway 2
Pathway 3
Pathway 4
Pathway 5
Availability
Easily
Not easily
Easily
Available
Available
available
available
available
0.3566
0.2951
0.3221
0.6667
0.6873
Corrosive
Highly toxic
Corrosive
Flammable
Flammable
and
and
and
raw material
raw material
flammable
flammable
flammable
raw material
raw material
raw material
Gross Profit
($/Ib EtAc)
Safety Consideration
CH CHO + H O
CH COOH
CH COOC H + H O
Overall balance:
A = 3471.582068 kg Ethanol/hr
B = 4198.91034 kg HAc/hr
C = 1658.142408 kg/hr
Ethyl acetate product at 6012.35 kg/hr
Decanter
Reactive
Distillation
Reboiler
Heuristics
Heuristic 1: Select raw materials and chemical reactions to avoid,
or reduce, the handling and storage of hazardous and toxic
chemicals.
Heuristic 2: Use an excess of one chemical reactant in a reaction
operation to completely consume a second valuable, toxic, or
hazardous chemical reactant.
Heuristics 8: For reversible reactions, especially, consider
conducting them in a separation device capable of removing the
products, and hence, driving the reactions to the right. Such
reaction-separation operations lead to very different distributions of
chemicals.
Task 3 Outline
Mass and energy balance
Hysys simulation
Mass Balance
Stream number
1
Acetic acid
feed to
C001
2
Ethanol
feed to
C001
3
RDC top
product
before
condense
r E002
Liquid
Liquid
Vapor
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
RDC top Organic Organic Organic Aqueous Stripper
Stripper
Ethyl
Ethyl
product part
feed to reflux to product
top
top
acetate acetate
after
from stripper C001
from
product
product product product
condens decante C002
FL001
before
after
before
after
er E002 r FL001
condenser condenser cooler
cooler
E003
E003
E005
E005
Phase
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid
Vapor
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid
3471.58207 4198.91034 25940.15 25940.1 33310.4 16655.21 16655.21 1658.142 9028.4097 9028.4097 6012.35 6012.35
wt%
wt%
wt%
wt%
wt%
wt%
wt%
wt%
wt%
wt%
wt%
wt%
Ethyl acetate
82.6
82.6
92.03
92.03
92.03
1.58
95.77
95.77
99.5
99.5
Water
4.5
2.12
2.12
2.12
95.88
1.93
1.93
Ethanol
95.5
8.4
8.4
4.1
4.1
4.1
2.5
2.3
2.3
0.5
0.5
Acetic acid
99
Energy Balance
Enthalpy
The enthalpy for each stream is given by
H T ,i H
f , 298.15 K
298.15 K
C p ,i dT
Stream
Acetic
Acid Ethanol RDC top before
Feed
Feed
condenser 1
Phase
Liquid
Liquid
Temperature
(K)
298.15 298.15
Vapour
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid
342.8
313.15
313.15
313.15
-277.605
-277.755
-277.755
-277.755
-450.1
-457.7
-457.7
-457.7
-284.316
-285.332
-285.332
-285.332
Enthaply
(kJ/mol)
Ethanol
-277.63
Ethyl Acetate
Water
-285.84 -285.84
Stream
7
Organic
Reflux
10
Stripper Top
Product after
condenser
11
12
Ethyl Acetate
Ethyl Acetate Product after
before cooler
cooler
Phase
Liquid
Liquid
Vapour
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid
Temperature
(K)
313.5
313.15
343.75
313.15
353.15
308.15
-277.755
-277.755
-277.615
-277.755
-277.47
-277.6105
-457.7
-449.2
-457.7
443.1
-460.15
-285.332
-284.1
-285.332
-283.977
-285.5
Enthaply
(kJ/mol)
Ethanol
Acetic Acid
Ethyl Acetate -457.7
Water
-285.332
Heat Duties
Inlet
Outlet
Streams Streams
Difference in
Enthaply (kJ/mol)
Reboiler of
RD
1,2,7
??
???
Condenser
of RDC
??
???
Reboiler of
Stripper
9,11
??
???
Condenser
of Stripper
10
??
???
Cooler
11
12
??
???
Hysys simulation
Conclusion
Demand
location
Pathway
Preliminary process synthesis
Mass balance
Simulation