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Gluteus
maximus
Gluteus
medius
Gluteus
minimus
Tensor
Iliac crest
fasciae
latae
Piriformis Anterior surface of
sacrum
Obturator
internus
Gemellus
superior
Gemellus
inferior
Quadratus
femoris
Iliotibial tract
Superior
gluteal
nerve
Upper border of First and
greater
second
trochanter of sacral
femur
nerves
Inner surface of
Upper border of Sacral
obturator membrane greater
plexus
trochanter of
femur
Spine of ischium
Upper border of Sacral
greater
plexus
trochanter of
femur
Ischial tuberosity
Upper border of Sacral
greater
plexus
trochanter of
femur
Lateral border of
Quadrate
Sacral
ischial tuberosity
tubercle of
plexus
femur
Action
Extends and laterally
rotates hip joint;
through iliotibial tract,
it extends knee joint
Abducts thigh at hip
joint; tilts pelvis when
walking to permit
opposite leg to clear
ground
L5; S1 Abducts thigh at hip
joint; tilts pelvis when
walking to permit
opposite leg to clear
ground
L4; 5 Assists gluteus
maximus in extending
the knee joint
L5; S1, Lateral rotator of thigh
2
at hip joint
L5; S1 Lateral rotator of thigh
at hip joint
L5; S1 Lateral rotator of thigh
at hip joint
L5; S1 Lateral rotator of thigh
at hip joint
L5; S1 Lateral rotator of thigh
at hip joint
Muscle
Gracilis
Adductor
longus
Adductor
brevis
Adductor
magnus
Obturator
externus
Posterior surface of
shafts of tibia and
fibula and
interosseous
membrane
Muscle
Origin
First Layer
Abductor Medial
Base of proximal
Medial
S2, 3
hallucis
tuberosity of phalanx of big toe
plantar nerve
calcaneum and
flexor
retinaculum
Flexor
Medial tubercle Four tendons to four Medial
S2, 3
digitorum of calcaneum lateral toes inserted plantar nerve
brevis
into borders of middle
phalanx; tendons
perforated by those of
flexor digitorum longus
Abductor Medial and
Base of proximal
Lateral
S2, 3
digiti
lateral tubercles phalanx of fifth toe
plantar nerve
minimi
of calcaneum
Second Layer
Quadratus Medial and
Tendon of flexor
Lateral
S2, 3
plantae
lateral sides of digitorum longus
plantar nerve
calcaneum
Lumbricals Tendons of
Dorsal extensor
First
S2, 3
(4)
flexor
expansion; bases of
lumbrical:
digitorum
proximal phalanges of medial
longus
lateral four toes
plantar
nerve;
remainder:
lateral
plantar nerve
Flexor
See Table 10-7
digitorum
longus
tendon
Flexor
See Table 10-7
hallucis
longus
tendon
Third Layer
Flexor
Cuboid, lateral Medial tendon into
Medial
S2, 3
hallucis
cuneiform,
medial side of base of plantar nerve
brevis
tibialis
proximal phalanx of
posterior
big toe; lateral tendon
insertion
into lateral side of base
Flexes
metatarsophalangeal
joint of big toe;
supports medial
longitudinal arch
Adductor
hallucis
of proximal phalanx of
big toe
Lateral side of base of Deep branch S2, 3
proximal phalanx of
lateral
big toe
plantar nerve
Oblique head
bases of
second, third,
and fourth
metatarsal
bones;
transverse head
from plantar
ligaments
Flexor digitiBase of fifth Lateral side of base of Lateral
S2, 3
minimi
metatarsal bone proximal phalanx of
plantar nerve
brevis
little toe
Fourth Layer
Interossei
Dorsal Adjacent sides Bases of proximal
Lateral
S2, 3
(4)
of metatarsal phalangesfirst:
plantar nerve
bones
medial side of second
toe; remainder: lateral
sides of second, third,
and fourth toesalso
dorsal extensor
expansion
Plantar Inferior
Medial side of bases of Lateral
S2, 3
(3)
surfaces of
proximal phalanges of plantar nerve
third, fourth, lateral three toes
and fifth
metatarsal
bones
Peroneus See Table 10-6
longus
tendon
Tibialis
See Table 10-7
posterior
tendon
a
The predominant nerve root supply is indicated by boldface type.
Flexes
metatarsophalangeal
joint of big toe; holds
together metatarsal
bones
Flexes
metatarsophalangeal
joint of little toe
Abduction of toes;
flexes
metatarsophalangeal
joints and extends
interphalangeal joints
Adduction of toes;
flexes
metatarsophalangeal
joints and extends
interphalangeal joints