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~
Defence ScienJe Journal,
@ 1996, DESIDOC
I
Stress Analysis of Laminated
Composit~
Shear Flexible Element
T.her~al
I
M.
Institute
Ganapathi
of Armament
V.
Co'mbat
Vehicles
I
Research
and
B.P.
Technology,
Plates using
Patel
Pune-411
025
Balamurgan
& Development
Establishment,
Madras-600054
and
D.R.S.V.
I
IGas Turbine
Research
Varma
Establishment,
Bangalore-560
093
ABSTRACT
Using c shear fle~ible QUAD-9 plate element, stresses and deflections in composite laminated
plates due tQ thermal loads are analysed. A formulation based on first order shear deformation theory
has been emt'loyed for the analysis. The effects of various parameters, such as ply-angle, number of
layers, thickness and aspect ratios on stresses and deflectiohs are brought out. The present formulation
is being extended for studying composite shell structures.
I. INTRODUCTIO~
Composite
materials
are
I
being
looked
upon
as the
number
of
unique
pl/operties,
including
corrosion
resistance, high damping,
temperature
resistance and low thermal coeffi~ient of expansion.
These ut;1ique properties have resulled in the expanded
use of tpe advance composite materials in structures
subjecte,tl to severe thermal environment.
These
structures are usu.ally Iieferred to as high temperature
structures. Examples are provided by the structures
used inJ high speed aiTcraft, spacecraft and re-entry
vehicles, etc. However,
the inhomogeneity
and
anisotroJy of these materials pose a great challenge for
lilc dc!iigl1cr-unuly!it ulld ul1uly!ii~ l)[ Itcutcd CliiiIPll1;itc
structures remains anlarea of active research.
,
I
DEF SCI J, VOL
46, NO 1, JANUARY
1996
laminated
composite
plate
is considered
with
the
z .(x,y,t)
based
on
shear
flexible
~heory.
are
I
-zeh
Je"l
{e}=l
(1)
E..
;J+
,
where (Aij)' (Bij and (Dip, t(i,j=1,2,6) are extensional,
bending-extensional
coupling and bending stiffness
coefficients, respectlvely of the composi,te laminate.
(NT) and (M1) are thermal stresses and moment
resultants. Similarly, the transverse shear force ( Q)
representing thf quantities ( Qxz, Qyz) are r~lated to the
transverse shear strains ( E~} through the constitutive
relations as'
I
,
,
I
(4)
where (Eij) (i,j=4,5) are the tranSverse'shear stiffness
coefficients of the laminate.
I
,
For a composite lamil;late of thickness h, consisting
of N layers with stacking angles ~i (i=l,N)
and layer
thickne5s hi (i= 1,N) , the necessary expressions to
compute the, stiffness coefficients, available in the
liteiaturel3,
are used here. The potential energy
functional U is given by
(2a)
Uu,x
Vu.y
,Uu.y
+vu.x
[Eij]~e,,}+{1;}T~NT}+{e,,}T{MT}]
(2b)
dA (5)
I
where O is the vtfctor of' degrees of freedom.
B .,.
{ eh} =
By,y
,B.,y
+By,.
(2c)
(2d)
(6)
matrix
.in this
GANAPATHf,
et a1:THliRMAL
y,v
/
COMPOSITE PLATES
,
j,
By
axis).
I
The temperature distributionj
load, is assumed as I
8,
T(x.y
.z ) = (C" +C,z)T.(x,y
where
I
T,(x,y)
= 1;, +2T,y/
j
J
Figure
I.
and
coordinate
systems
of
and
u=w~e.
=0
on x :!: 0,8
=0
ony=O,b
=f}
are
constants.
I.
Non-dimensional
plate
subjected
central
denection
to linear
temperature
w (=w/h)
of
isotropic
distribution
varying
through
condition
the thickness
for
simply
supported
boundary
(C. = To = I, Co = Ti = 0, v= 0.3, a:; I x I~,
E =
I x
= 100)
Present
Ref.l
Central -deflection
(wj
0.19079
x 10--1
0.19139
work
x 10-4
.I
~o utIOII~.
Clamped supported:
u=v;/:w=f}
substitute
shape-functiops .to
specific terms which must be
b/2~y~b
laminated
plate element.,
I
v=w=(J
O~y~b/2
=1;,-2T,(y/b-l)
Geometry
field-redistributed,
interpolate
those
consistentl2
=0
on x =0,
and
y =O,h
j
Detailed
parametric
study is c~rried out for non
\I\1if()rm Icmpl'rjll\lrc
(lislrihttlio\1
( ~, ~ 1 I C1 ~ 1;, =0,
5
1996
,
I
Table 2. Central deflectIon or (OO/90o~O) plate subJected to
sInusoIdaltemperature dIstributed load ror sImply supported
boundary condItIon (C. -T. -0, C. -TI1, 11:1
~ 2~11:1,
G.1 -Gu ..0.5 El, GlJ = 0.2 El, Vil= 0.25, a./al= 3, a/b
= I, a/h= 10, R/8=~)
Ref. 4
Central deflection
Present
~
:0;
work
(W=10w/(alT1~
"I
1:0.
Two layers
Ten layers
1.15051
1.1504
1.0331
1.93338
~
~
U
j
~
~
0
,0.0
0.2
o.~
0.6
0.8
COORDINATE,y
Figure 3.
Distribution
6 layers,
~f displacement
V=(y/h)
(a/h=
clamped).
I
0.0008
0.0004
~
II
1:.0
!i
~
0.0000
B
:5
~
~
0
-0.0001,
-0;0008
0.0
o.~
0.2
0.6
0.8
1.0
COORDINATE,y
Figure 2.
Distribution
of displacement
y=(y/h)
1.0
([45/-45],
simply supported).
t
-1-
100,
i
j
t
GAN~PATHI,
et al: THERMAL
STRESS
ANALYSIS
OF
LAMINATED
COMPOSITE
PL!s\TES
I
0.000020
OOIOO15
-a/h
-a/h
= 100
= lOO.
= 10
= 10
0.000010
o a/b = 1.00
~
0.000010
~
0.
00000\5
//
//
//
'
~
==>1
'*-,,\
,~
0000000
-0
= 0.75
~
<
, '\()"
"
rr.~;:/..*
~
::>
(I)
= 1.50
/"'~
--a---~
"'-~
"
:::t
0.000000
!2:
~
~
0
-O.OOOOOSr
!l::1
~
~
0
~
o a/b = 1.00
= 1.50
x--..0-~
,
.'
-0.000010
= 0.75
-I
-0.000010
~
I
.I
Ii
0.2 I
-0.000015-
00
:
Figure
5.
III
0.1,
0.6
-0.000020
I
to
08
0.0
COORDINATE,y
Distrib,ution
cross-ply,
I
of
moment
resultant
Figure
Mxy(6 layers
7.
0:2
o.~
Q.6
COORDINATE,y
of moment resultant
Distrlbutiop
0.8
1:0
Mry (6 layers,
clamped).
O.OB
0.015
-6
LAYERS
0002 LAYERS
0.07
0.0,0
>-
o a/b = 1.po
0.0&
...
= 1.50
;i
'i:
= 0.751
~
~
s
~
~
~
0
~
0.05
~
0.005
~
r;;
0.01.
."
O.OOO-i
"
0.03
{"
0.: -~ ---0
=.-- --X--.r-X-
0-
--- "~--
~- "
-
~
0
~
a/b = 1.00
= 1.50
0.02
= 0.75
-0.005
---a/h = 10
= 100
0. 01,-
o.oJ-
I
Figure
6.
Ii
0.0
I
0.1,
0.2
t
Distribution
angle-l?ly,
CqORDINA~E.
of moment
clamped,
I
0.6
I
0.81
I
1.0
-0.010-!
00
I
0.2
I
0.6
I
0.&
I
1.0
COORDINATE,y
resultant
Mxy (a/h = 100,
I
2 layers, 6 layers).
I
0.4
Figure 8.
Distribution
of moment resultant
MKy (6 layers,
,6
,8,
9,
2.
4.
I. Composite Material,
5.
1'987,19,424-42.
Khdier, A.A.;
Rajab, M.D & Reddy, J.N.
Thermal effects on "the }esponse of cross-ply
laminated shallow shells. Comput. Struct. , 1992,
29(5),653-67.
Wang, H.S. & Chou, T-W. Transient thermal
stress analysis of a rectangular orthotropic slab.
Kari, .R.;
Thcingaratnam;
Palaninathan.
&
Ramachandran, J. Thermal stress analysis of
laminated plates and shells. Comput. Struct. ,
1980, 30(8~, 1403-1i. .
Stresses, 1990,13(2),17.7-92.
3.
,
I
I
Wu, C.U.
& Tauchrt,
T.R. Thermoelastic
analysis of laminated plates 2 J Antisymmetric
cross-ply and angle-ply : laminates. I. Ther.
Stresses, 1980,3,365-78.
,
,
7. Biswas, P. Large deflection of heated orthotropic
cylindrical shallow shell. Def. Sci. I. , 1990, 30,
.87-92.
,
REFERENCES
1.
1996
12
,
,
Bobk
Co. Inc, New
York,
,
I
,
1975.