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and

hedges

in

English,

2.

Ed.,

London,

Amsterdam,

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Pragmatics of Human Communication: A Study of Interactional Patterns, Pathologies and


Paradoxes Paul Watzlawick, Janet Beavin Bavelas, Don D. Jackson W. W. Norton & Company, 25
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meaning criteria and the logic of fuzzy concepts George Lakoff
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by G. Kaltenboeck et al. Emerald Publishing. 2010
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Society, Vol. 2, No. 1 (Apr., 1973), pp. 45-80 Published by: Cambridge University
Press
Women, men, and politeness Janet Holmes Longman, 1995
Holmes Janet An Introduction To Sociolinguistics 2. Ed.
London : Longman, 2001 : Pearson Education; New York

J. L. Austin, How to Do Things with Words, Clarendon Press, 1962


Lakoff, G. (1972). Hedges: A study in meaning criteria and the logic of fuzzy concepts, Papers
from the Eighth Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, 183228. Reprinted in
Journal of Philosophical Logic, 1973, 2: 4, 458508
P. Brown, S. Levinson, Universals in language usage: Politeness phenomena, 1978, in E. N. Goody
(ed.), Questions and politeness. Strategies in social interaction, Cambridge, Cambridge University
Press, 1978.
P. Brown, S. Levinson, Politeness. Some universals in language usage, Cambridge, Cambridge
University Press, 1987.
C. Caffi, On mitigation, Journal of Pragmatics 31: 881909, 1999.
C. Caffi, Mitigation, Amsterdam, Elsevier, 2007.
Crismore, A. & Vande Kopple, W.J. (1997). Hedges and readers: effects on attitudes and learning.
In Markkanen, S. et al. (eds) Hedging and Discourse: Approaches to the Analysis of a Pragmatic
Phenomenon in Academic Texts. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 83-114.
J. Douthwaite, Teaching English as a Foreign Language, Torino, Sei, 1991.
J. Douthwaite,
J. Holmes, Women, men, and politeness, Longman, New York, 1995
J. Holmes, An Introduction To Sociolinguistics, 2. Ed., London,
Longman, 2001 : Pearson Education; New York
R. Lakoff, Language and Woman's Place, Language in Society, Vol. 2, No. 1 (Apr., 1973), pp. 4580 Published by: Cambridge University Press

Crompton P., Hedging in Academic Writing: Some Theoretical Problems, in


English for Specific Purposes, Vol. 16, No. 4., Elsevier Science, Great Britain, 1997, pp. 271-287

H. Schrder, D. Zimmer, 1997. Hedging research in pragmatics: a bibliographical research guide


to hedging, in Markkanen, R. & Schrder, H. (eds.), Hedging and discourse. Approaches to the
analysis of a pragmatic phenomenon in academic texts. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 249271.
E. Prince, J. Frader, C. Bosk, On hedging in physician-physician discourse, 1982, in: R. J. Di Pietro (ed.), Linguistics and the professions.
Proceedings of the second annual delaware symposium on language studies, Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 8397.

Hubler, A. (1983). Understatements and hedges in English. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

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