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Environmental Sciences
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Published online: 16 Feb 2007.

To cite this article: (2005) , Environmental Sciences, 2:2-3, 61-63, DOI:

10.1080/15693430500395354
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Environmental Sciences
June-September 2005; 2(2-3): 61 63

Preface

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VAN AMSTEL
ANDRE
This is a special issue about emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gases. These gases are
methane, nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride, chlorofluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons and
perfluorocarbons. Together they contribute to at least half of the extra global warming on
earth. Different sectors in the economy are responsible for these emissions. To reduce the risk
of global warming, emissions can be mitigated through policy measures and voluntary actions
by individuals, industry and agriculture. The implementation of these measures is crucial to
reach the targets as agreed in the Kyoto Protocol. Implementation was one of the central
issues in a conference in Utrecht in the Netherlands. Secondary greenhouse gases can be
formed in the atmosphere from primary greenhouse gases. The most important secondary
greenhouse gases are ozone, carbon monoxide, terpenes and isoprenes. Cooling effects have
been observed from aerosols in the atmosphere. All these substances have to be taken into
account for a complete geographic picture (in space and time) of warming and cooling in the
atmosphere.
This special issue of Environmental Sciences contains a selection of papers that were
presented during the Fourth International Conference on Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gases:
Science, Control, Policy and Implementation (NCGG4). The conference took place from
4 6 July 2005 in Utrecht, the Netherlands, under the joint chairmanship of Bert Metz,
co-chair of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC, Working Group 3 on
Mitigation of Climate Change, and Paul Crutzen, Nobel Laureate in atmospheric chemistry.
(See also: www.ncgg4.nl.)
The conference was the fourth in a series of international conferences on non-CO2
greenhouse gases organized by the Netherlands Association of Environmental Professionals
(VVM). Previous conferences were held in 1993 in Maastricht, in 1999 in Noordwijkerhout
and in 2002 again in Maastricht. Books with the Proceedings of these former meetings can
still be ordered from Kluwer and Millpress.
After Russias ratification in November 2004, the Kyoto Protocol has come into force on
16 February 2005. This means that it was ratified by at least 55 countries, and at the same
time by nations accounting for at least 55% of emissions. Countries all adopted specific
reduction targets. Since ratification of the Kyoto Protocol the interest in NCGGs has
increased substantially. Therefore, NCGG-4 could not have been more timely. It constituted
an excellent platform for discussions on the state of the art in science, control, policy and
implementation of measures for the reduction of these emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse
gases.
The Clean Air section of the Netherlands Association of Environmental
Professionals (VVM-CLAN) is proud that over 200 contributions were submitted
from almost 40 countries, which shows that the interest in this research area is still
growing.

ISSN 1569-3430 print/ISSN 1744-4225 online 2005 Taylor & Francis

DOI: 10.1080/15693430500395354

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62

A. van Amstel

The programme consisted of plenary opening and closing sessions, twelve thematic sessions
and a poster session.
Each thematic session was introduced by a keynote speaker, followed by several
presentations, many of these given by renowned speakers. The Chairs of each session
produced a written statement for the conference report.
The relevance of scientific progress and exchange in this area was recognized by various
prominent sponsors. The Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and Environment in The
Netherlands, the Australian Greenhouse Office of the Australian Government Department
of Environment and Heritage, and the United States Environmental Protection Agency
supported the Symposium, financially and in kind. The co-operation with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological
Advice of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the UN Food
and Agricultural Organisation, the European Commission, the International Global
Atmospheric Chemistry Project of IGBP, and the European Federation of Clean Air and
Environmental Protection Associations further contributed to the prominence of this series
of symposia. The VVM wishes to thank all persons who helped to make this conference
such a success.
The quality of this fourth Symposium has been enhanced by a number of invited review
papers, some of which are included in the present special issue. The selection of the topics
reflects primarily the scientific character of the conference; most authors, however, show a
keen interest in the needs of policymakers and the technical implementation of mitigation
measures.
The Organizing Committee consisted of:
Han van Dop, Utrecht University, co-ordinator
Andre van Amstel, Wageningen University, editor
Erik ter Avest, SenterNovem
Fons Baede, VVM-CLAN
Joop van Ham, VVM-CLAN
Ronald Flipphi, Netherlands Ministry of Environment
We thank the Scientific Committee for excellent work in assisting the organizing
committee:
Kornelis Blok, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
Paul Crutzen, Scripps Institution for Oceanography, La Jolla, USA
Lin Erda, Agrometeorology Institute, Peoples Republic of China
John Gale, IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme, UK
Jochen Harnish, Ecofys, Germany
Sander Houweling, Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht University
David de Jager, Technical Support Unit IPCC WG III, RIVM Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Dina Kruger, US Environmental Protection Agency, United States of America
Adrian Leip, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
Jos Lelieveld, Max Planck Institute of Atmospheric Chemistry, Germany
Martin Manning, Technical Support Unit IPCC WG I, USA
Mack McFarland, Dupont Fluoroproducts, UK
Bert Metz, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM, The
Netherlands

Preface
Arvin Mosier, University of Florida, USA
Javier Perez Ramirez, Yara International ASA, Norway
Henk van der Ree, Technical University Delft, The Netherlands
Mauricio Rosales, FAO, Rome, Italy
David Ugalde, Astralian Greenhouse Office, Australia

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The Guest Editors for Environmental Sciences: Andre van Amstel and Tinus Pulles
3 October 2005

63