VSRD International Journal of Mechanical, Civil, Automobile and Production Engineering, Vol.

V Issue I January 2015 / 1

e-ISSN : 2249-8303, p-ISSN : 2319-2208 VSRD International Journals : www.vsrdjournals.com

RESEARCH PAPER

DESIGN AND STUDY OF

WATER TUBE TYPE DOMESTIC WATER HEATER
FOR RURAL POPULATION
1

1
Dipak Vinayak Shirbhate*, 2D.S. Ingole and 3Uday A. Mehare
Research Scholar, 2Professor, 1,2Department of Mechanical Engineering,
PRMIET&R, Amravati, Maharashtra, INDIA.
3
Head of Department, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Vikramshila Polytechnic, Darapur, Maharashtra, INDIA.
*Corresponding Authors Email ID: dipakshirbhate@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
The present invention provides Domestic Water Heating System that works on the waste material such as wood, coal, paper, waste
leaves of trees, cattle cake etc. Just by using a little amount of waste material, ample water can be heated. The invented water heating
system is portable, lighter in weight, time efficient and economical too. As the cost of system is less, it is well affordable by common
people. The water heating system is more suitable for rural areas where air pollution is not a constraint.
Keywords: Domestic water heater

1. INTRODUCTION
Among all the nations in our universe, India is one of the
second largest countries in the world having 120 corers of
population. Our nation consists of 60-70% people from
rural area who are from lower middle class or belong to
economically weaker sections of the society. In a year,
people take bath by hot water for almost eight month.
Due to increase in cost of heating water, this is not
affordable for common man. Now days, we have several
type of water heating system such as Solar water heater,
Electric water heater, Gas water heater etc. But due to
substantial investment, above mentioned water heating
methods are out of reach of rural population. Moreover
these systems are based on costly source of energy such
as electricity, coal, gas etc.
From all these water heating system one of the less costly
and useful water heating systems is presented here with
title Water Tube Boiler Type Domestic Water Heater.
In this water heater, there is no need to use electricity or
gas. Just in little amount of wastage material, more
amount of water is heated. Fuel such as wood, coal, and
paper, waste leaves of trees, cattle cake etc. This water
heating system can save time and money. Also as it is
lighter in weight, it is portable. In this water heating
system, only amount of fuel is needed to heat the water
as compared to its traditional counterpart and water is
heated maximum in five minutes.
2. ANTIQUE COPPER WATER HEATER
(FIRE TUBE TYPE)
This type of water heater was in use before 30 to 40 years
in many parts of India. The main disadvantage of this
water heater was its slow heating ability and loss of heat
due to its copper body. Cost is another factor which is due
to use of copper for the fabrication of entire body. These
type of water heater were heavy enough for a single
person to handle.

Fig. 1 : Antique Copper Water Heater

(Fire Tube Type)

Dipak Vinayak Shirbhate, D.S. Ingole and Uday A. Mehare

VSRDIJMCAPE, Vol. V (I) January 2015 / 2

Photograph 3: Showing Inlet Water Tube Going Down

And Coming Up In The Form of Spiral

Fig. 2: Dimensioned Sketch of Domestic Water Heater

for Rural Population

Photograph 4 : Showing Bottom View

(Water Heater Placed In Horizontal State)

Photograph 1: Showing Inlet, Outlet, Ash Plate (Grid),

Stand and Handle

3. DESIGN AND BRIEF IDEA ABOUT

DOMESTIC
WATER
HEATER
FOR
RURAL POPULATION
Outer Shell: The outer shell of the water heater is the
main container usually of cylindrical shape, in which a
tube of mild steel is connected to the inner area of shell.
The diameter of outer shell is approx 0.22 m and length is
approx 0.67 m from base. The main purpose of outer shell
is to resists heat transfer to the atmosphere.
Furnace: A furnace is another important part of the water
heater. A fire grate used to burn fuel. Suitable area and
volume is provided for efficient combustion.
Water Tube: It is the long tube of mild steel wound
inside the shell like helical spring. Water flows inside the
tube and absorb the heat from hot gases. First water goes
bottom of the water heater and then slowly travels
upward. The flow can be controlled by simple tap. The
outer diameter of tube of is 1.5cm and length is approx
7m.

Photogrph 2: Showing Spiral Water Tube

Ash Plate: It is in circular shape as shown in fig 2. And is

made of mild steel. It is having wire mesh like structure.
It is provides base for the combustion of fuel. Ash drops
down automatically through ash plate as combustion
progresses. The diameter of ash plate is 0.21m.

Dipak Vinayak Shirbhate, D.S. Ingole and Uday A. Mehare

Support Stand: The whole water heating system

mounted on the support stand. It is used to provide
sufficient height to the system from the base. This height
is approximately 7cm from ground.
Handles: Two handles are provided to the water heater to
hold it and put anywhere as per requirement.
4. ANALYSIS AND TESTING DATA OF
DOMESTIC
WATER
HEATER
FOR
RURAL POPULATION
Table showing Analysis and testing data of domestic
water heater for rural population
Flow
Temperature
Temperature
Sr. No.
Rate (Ltr.
at Outlet
at Inlet (oC)
/ Min.)
(oC)
1
5
25
100-105
2
8
25
74-80
3
15
25
60-65
4
20
25
52-55
5
26
25
40-46
6
32
25
33-36
7
40
25
29-31
5. COMPARISON
BETWEEN
ANTIQUE
AND PRESENT DESIGN
Following is the comparison of old and new domestic
water heater:
Antique
Domestic Water
Copper Water Heater For Rural
Heater
Population
Design
Fire Tube Type
Water tube type
Material used for
Copper
Mild steel
construction
Time required
Moderate
Very less
for heating
Weight
Moderate
Very Less
Cost
High
Very low
Recharge /
Water supply
Storage tank
discharge
6. ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF
DOMESTIC WATER HEATER
Advantages of Domestic Water Heater
Initial cost is low.
Running cost is low or negligi1ble.
Mobility.
Light in weight.
Water gets heated in minimum time.
Less space required.
Easy to fabricate.
Any type of waste material can be used as a fuel for
heating purpose.
Limitations
Create Smoke and dust pollution.
Bulky Design in nature.
Not suitable for urban area.

VSRDIJMCAPE, Vol. V (I) January 2015 / 3

Continuous monitoring is required. (Manually

operated)
Frequency of fuel refilling is more.
It requires continuous regulated water supply only
form storage tank.
Maintenance is tedious.

7. FUTURE SCOPE
The efficiency of existing domestic water heater can
be increased by using copper tube or high thermal
conductivity material instated of mild steel tube.
A provision of fan near the furnace can increase the
efficiency.
Presently, the outer shell fabricated out of M.S. sheet
which transfer maximum heat to the surrounding.
This can be reduced by using low thermal
conductivity material outside the outer shell.
Presently the operator has to fill the fuel manually.
This can be automated by incorporating hopper.
8. CONCLUSION
In India, water heating is need of people as people take
bath by hot water nearly eight months of the year. Now a
day, we have several type of water heating system such as
solar water heater, electric water heater, gas water
heater etc. But these methods are too costly and hence
not affordable by common people. To save electricity or
any costly fuel, this type of water heater is very useful
and more economical. Thus Water Tube Boiler Type
Domestic Water Heater is a new innovative concept.
9. REFERENCES
The patent office journal 29/08/2014, Application Number
2552/MUM/2014 A Date of filling Application : 07/08/2014,
Publication Date : 29/08/2014, Name of Inventor: Prof. Dipak
Vinayak Shirbhate, Dr. Dilip Sahebrao Ingole, Prof. Uday
Ashok Mehare.