Routed Protocol

A Routed Protocol is used to deliver application traffic. It provides appropriate addressing information in
its Internet Layer (Network Layer) addressing to allow a packet to be forwarded from one network to
another. Routed Protocols are nothing more than data being transported across the networks.
Routed protocols can be sent over a routed network. Routed protocols include:
1. Internet Protocol
2. Telnet
3. Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
4. SNMP
5. SMTP
6. Novell IPX
7. Open Standards Institute networking protocol
8. DECnet
9. Appletalk
10. Banyan Vines
11. Xerox Network System (XNS)
In this kind of protocols we require an addressing scheme and subneting. Addressing scheme will be
used to determine the network to which a host belongs and to identifying that host on that particular
network. All hosts on an internetwork are using the services of a routed protocol. That means routers,
servers, but workstations to.

Internet Protocol (IP)

The Internet Protocol is the principal communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying
datagrams across network boundaries. Its routing function enables internetworking, and essentially
establishes the Internet.

IP Packet Structure

Routed Protocol
IP, as the primary protocol in the Internet layer of the Internet protocol suite, has the task of delivering
packets from the source host to the destination host solely based on the IP addresses in the packet
headers.

Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX)

Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) is the network layer protocol in the IPX/SPX protocol suite. IPX is
derived from Xerox Network Systems' IDP. It may act as a transport layer protocol as well.

IPX Packet Structure

The IPX/SPX protocol suite was very popular through the late 1980s into the mid-1990s because it was
used by the Novell NetWare network operating system. Because of Novell Netware popularity the IPX
became a prominent internetworking protocol.
A big advantage of IPX was a small memory footprint of the IPX driver, which was vital for MS-DOS and
Microsoft Windows up to the version Windows 95 because of limited size of the conventional memory.

Comparison with IP
The IPX network number is conceptually identical to the network part of the IP address (the parts with
netmask bits set to 1); the node number has the same meaning as the bits of IP address with netmask
bits set to 0. The difference is that the boundary between network and node part of address in IP is
variable, while in IPX it is fixed. As the node address is usually identical to the MAC address of the
network adapter, the Address Resolution Protocol is not needed in IPX.
For routing, the entries in the IPX routing table are similar to IP routing tables; routing is done by
network address, and for each network address a network:node of the next router is specified in a
similar fashion an IP address/netmask is specified in IP routing tables.