EGB3013: HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT

TUTORIAL 2 - SOLUTION
MCQ Questions:
1.

An oil refinery that employs over 500 workers is making huge losses. Should the refinery
spend additional funds to hire a safety and health officer?
A. No, it is unnecessary as the refinery is not a high-risk area
B. No, not until the refinery starts being profitable
C. Yes, to ensure the well-being and safety of the workers
D. Yes, it is required by government regulations

2.

Which of the following is NOT covered under the EQA 1974?

A. Licensing for waste discharge into the environment
B. Preservation of natural wetlands and marine life
C. Enforcement of requirements of the act
D. Specification of conditions of waste emissions

3.

It is illegal for a manufacturing company to discharge mercury waste, without treatment, into
the environment. According to which of the following legislation is this true?
A. EQA 1974
B. OSHA 1994
C. FMA 1967
D. ISO 14000

4.

Which of the following is NOT the direct responsibility of a safety and health officer?
A. Inspect the workplace for possible hazards
B. Act as the secretary to the safety and health committee
C. Provide training for the safe use of complex machineries
D. Investigate any accident, poisoning or other incident

5.

An employer is required by law under the OSHA 1994 to establish a safety and health
committee if ____________________ .
A. he has 30 or more employees
B. he has 35 or more employees
C. he has 40 or more employees
D. he has 45 or more employees

6.

Which of the following statements does NOT reflect the general principles of Environmental
Management Systems?
A. A process not an event
B. About words and aspirations
C. Serves organisation and its mission
D. Start from the top and implement throughout

7.

The following regulations were made under EQA 1974 to control the environmental pollution
EXCEPT
A. Control of Industrial Emissions Legislation
B. Control of Motor Vehicle Emissions Legislation
C. Control of Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
D. Control of Global Warming Quality Legislation

8.

Which of the following statements are the objectives of OSHA 1994?

I. Provide an umbrella framework for associated regulations and code of practice
II. Protect general public against risk associated with workplace hazards
III. Secure the safety, health and welfare of persons at work
IV. Reduce the employers cost of compensation
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.

I, II and IV
I, II and III
II, III and IV
I, III and IV

9.

Which of the following is NOT TRUE of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)
1994?
A. It is based on self-regulation.
B. It outlines the duties of the employer and employee.
C. It covers all sectors of the economy.
D. It is administered under the Ministry of Human Resources.
E.

10.

The person directly responsible for the health and safety of an assigned employee is:
A. the agencys safety officer.
B. the officers from the Department of Occupational Safety and Health.
C. the employee's immediate supervisor.
D. the employee him/herself

11.

What are the three different types of action OSHA may utilize to maintain safety and health
standards?
A. Adopted, amended, or revoked
B. Revoked, reduced, or forgiven
C. Reduced, forgiven, or altered
D. Appealed, rescind, or reduced

12.

Health and safety committee requirements of the OSHA 1994 apply to employers with which
of the following?
A. 100 or more workers
B. 50 or more workers
C. 11 or more workers
D. 2 or more workers

Essay/Short Answer Questions:

1.

The environmental-related regulations can be divided into two categories: the laws of
prevention and the laws of environmental protection. Discuss and provide appropriate
example.
The prevention includes the environmental considerations that must be incorporated into
project planning and implementation via mandatory requirement under Section 34A of the
Environmental Quality Amendment) Act 1985
. The Section requires anyone who intends to undertake a prescribed activity to first conduct a
study to assess the likely environmental impact that will occur from the activity and the
mitigating measures that need to be taken in order to overcome it.
An example of protection related environmental law is the acts and regulations enacted to
prosecute and penalise polluters e.g. the Environmental Quality Act (EQA), incepted in 1974.

2.

Explain the difference between an OSHA standard and an OSHA

regulation.
OSHA standards address specific hazards such as working in
confined
spaces, handling hazardous waste, or working with
dangerous chemicals. Regulations do not apply to specific hazards.
Regulations do not require
the rigorous review process that
standards go through.

3.

List five employer responsibilities.

to

4.

Meet the general duty responsibility to provide a workplace free

from hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious
physical
harm to employees, and comply with standards, rules,
and regulations issued under the OSH Act.
Be knowledgeable of mandatory standards and make copies
available to employees for review upon request.
Keep employees informed about OSHA.
Continually examine workplace conditions to ensure they conform
standards.
Minimize or reduce hazards.
Make sure employees have and use safe tools and equipment
(including appropriate personal protective equipment) that is
properly maintained.
Use color codes, posters, labels, or signs as appropriate to warn
employees of potential hazards.
Establish or update operating procedures and communicate
them so
that employees follow safety and health requirements.
Provide medical examinations when required by OSHA standards.
Provide the training required by OSHA standards.
List five employee rights.
Complain to an employer, union, OSHA, or any other
governmental
agency about job safety and health hazards.
File safety or health grievances.
Participate in a workplace safety and health committee or in
union
activities concerning job safety and health.
Participate in OSHA inspections, conferences, hearings, or other
OSHA
related activities.
Expect employers to make review copies available of OSHA
standards and requirements.
Ask employers for information on emergency procedures.
Receive safety and health training.
Be kept informed about safety and health issues.
Be informed of actions taken by OSHA as a result of a complaint.

.
4.

Describe the purpose and organization of NIOSH.

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is

part of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). NIOSH has
two broad functions: research and education. The main focus of the
agencys
research is on toxicity levels and human tolerance levels of
hazardous substances. Each year NIOSH publishes updated lists of toxic
materials and recommended tolerance levels.